Acute Kidney Injury After Repeated Exposure to Contrast Material for Coronary Angiography.

Objective: To assess the incidence of contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CAAKI) after repeated exposure to contrast material for computed tomography (CT) and conventional coronary angiography within short intervals.

Methods: We studied 651 patients enrolled in the CorE-64 (November 5, 2005-January 30, 2007) and CORE320 (October 21, 2009-August 17, 2011) multicenter studies. Participants with suspected obstructive coronary heart disease were referred for diagnostic cardiac catheterization and underwent coronary CT angiography for research before invasive angiography.

Coffee and tea consumption in the early adult lifespan and left ventricular function in middle age: the CARDIA study.

Aims: The long-term impact of coffee or tea consumption on subclinical left ventricular (LV) systolic or diastolic function has not been previously studied. We examined the association between coffee or tea consumption beginning in early adulthood and cardiac function in midlife.

Methods And Results: We investigated 2735 Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study participants with long-term total caffeine intake, coffee, and tea consumption data from three visits over a 20 year interval and available echocardiography indices at the CARDIA Year-25 exam (2010-2011).

Sex Differences in the Association of Cumulative Body Mass Index from Early Adulthood to Middle Age and Left Atrial Remodeling Evaluated by Three-Dimensional Echocardiography: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study.

Background: The relationship between long-term obesity and left atrial (LA) structure and function is not entirely understood. We examined the association of cumulative body mass index (cBMI) with LA remodeling using three-dimensional (3D) speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE).

Methods: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study is a community-based cohort of black and white, men and women, ages 18-30 years at baseline in 1985-86 from four U.

Application of measurement error models to correct for systematic differences among readers and vendors in echocardiography measurements: the CARDIA study.

We illustrate the application of linear measurement error models to calibrate echocardiography measurements acquired 20 years apart in the CARDIA study. Of 4242 echocardiograms acquired at Year-5 (1990-1991), 36% were reread 20 years later. Left ventricular (LV) mass and 8 other measurements were assessed.

Coronary Calcium Characteristics as Predictors of Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Symptomatic Patients: Insights From the CORE 320 Multinational Study.

Background The predictive value of coronary artery calcium ( CAC ) has been widely studied; however, little is known about specific characteristics of CAC that are most predictive. We aimed to determine the independent associations of Agatston score, CAC volume, CAC area, CAC mass, and CAC density score with major adverse cardiac events in patients with suspected coronary artery disease. Methods and Results A total of 379 symptomatic participants, aged 45 to 85 years, referred for invasive coronary angiography, who underwent coronary calcium scanning and computed tomography angiography as part of the CORE 320 (Combined Noninvasive Coronary Angiography and Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Using 320 Detector Computed Tomography) study, were included.

Comparative Effectiveness of CT-Derived Atherosclerotic Plaque Metrics for Predicting Myocardial Ischemia.

Objectives: This study sought to investigate the performance of various cardiac computed tomography (CT)-derived atherosclerotic plaque metrics for predicting provocable myocardial ischemia.

Background: The association of coronary arterial diameter stenosis with myocardial ischemia is only modest, but cardiac CT provides several other, readily available atherosclerosis metrics, which may have incremental value.

Methods: The study analyzed 873 nonstented coronary arteries and their myocardial perfusion territories in 356 patients (mean 62 years of age) enrolled in the CORE320 (Coronary Artery Evaluation using 320-row Multidetector Computed Tomography Angiography and Myocardial Perfusion) study.

Parental health literacy and progression of chronic kidney disease in children.

Background: Limited health literacy has been associated with adverse outcomes in children. We evaluated this association in the setting of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: We assessed the parental health literacy of 367 children enrolled in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study, using the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy (STOFHLA).

FGF23 and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Children with CKD.

Background And Objectives: High plasma concentration of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a risk factor for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in adults with CKD, and induces myocardial hypertrophy in experimental CKD. We hypothesized that high FGF23 levels associate with a higher prevalence of LVH in children with CKD.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: We performed echocardiograms and measured plasma C-terminal FGF23 concentrations in 587 children with mild-to-moderate CKD enrolled in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) study.

Vascular Stiffness in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease.

Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) is a measure of arterial stiffness associated with cardiovascular events in the general population and in adults with chronic kidney disease. However, few data exist regarding cfPWV in children with chronic kidney disease. We compared observed cfPWV assessed via applanation tonometry in children enrolled in the CKiD cohort study (Chronic Kidney Disease in Children) to normative data in healthy children and examined risk factors associated with elevated cfPWV.

The Effect of Heart Rate on Exposure Window and Best Phase for Stress Perfusion Computed Tomography: Lessons From the CORE320 Study.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of heart rate on exposure window, best phase, and image quality for stress computed tomography perfusion (CTP) in the CORE320 study.

Methods: The CTP data sets were analyzed to determine the best phase for perfusion analysis. A predefined exposure window covering 75% to 95% of the R-R cycle was used.

Dietary sources of energy and nutrient intake among children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease.

Background: Our purpose was to identify the main food contributors to energy and nutrient intake in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study of dietary intake assessed using Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) cohort study, we estimated energy and nutrient intake and identified the primary contributing foods within this population.

Results: Completed FFQs were available for 658 children.

Renin-angiotensin II-aldosterone system blockers and time to renal replacement therapy in children with CKD.

Background: Clinical care decisions to treat chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a growing child must often be made without the benefit of evidence from clinical trials. We used observational data from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children cohort to estimate the effectiveness of renin-angiotensin II-aldosterone system blockade (RAAS) to delay renal replacement therapy (RRT) in children with CKD.

Methods: A total of 851 participants (median age: 11 years, median glomerular filtration rate [GFR]: 52 ml/min/1.

Computed Tomographic Perfusion Improves Diagnostic Power of Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography in Women: Analysis of the CORE320 Trial (Coronary Artery Evaluation Using 320-Row Multidetector Computed Tomography Angiography and Myocardial Perfusion) According to Gender.

Background: Coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA) and myocardial perfusion imaging (CTP) is a validated approach for detection and exclusion of flow-limiting coronary artery disease (CAD), but little data are available on gender-specific performance of these modalities. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of combined coronary CTA and CTP in detecting flow-limiting CAD in women compared with men.

Methods And Results: Three hundred and eighty-one patients who underwent both CTA-CTP and single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging preceding invasive coronary angiography as part of the CORE320 multicenter study (Coronary Artery Evaluation Using 320-row Multidetector Computed Tomography Angiography and Myocardial Perfusion) were included in this ancillary study.

Assessment of dietary intake of children with chronic kidney disease.

Objective: Our aim was to characterize the nutrient intake of children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) relative to recommended intake levels.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of dietary intake assessed by Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) in The North American Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) prospective cohort study. Nutrient intake was analyzed to estimate the daily consumption levels of various nutrients and compared with national guidelines for intake.

Accuracy of Computed Tomographic Angiography and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography-Acquired Myocardial Perfusion Imaging for the Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: Establishing the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) in symptomatic patients allows appropriately allocating preventative measures. Single-photon emission computed tomography (CT)-acquired myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT-MPI) is frequently used for the evaluation of CAD, but coronary CT angiography (CTA) has emerged as a valid alternative.

Methods And Results: We compared the accuracy of SPECT-MPI and CTA for the diagnosis of CAD in 391 symptomatic patients who were prospectively enrolled in a multicenter study after clinical referral for cardiac catheterization.

Dietary patterns track from infancy to preschool age: cross-sectional and longitudinal perspectives.

Background: Although it has been suggested that dietary patterns emerge early in life, less is known about the extent to which they track through the toddler and preschool ages.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to derive cross-sectional dietary patterns at 2, 3, and 5 y of age and assess their correlations and to derive multi-time point dietary patterns from ages 2-5 y and assess their associations with sociodemographic factors and infant feeding patterns.

Methods: Depending on the age considered, analyses included 989-1422 children from the EDEN (Étude des Déterminants pré- et postnatals précoces du développement et de la santé de l'ENfant) mother-child cohort.

Predictors of Rapid Progression of Glomerular and Nonglomerular Kidney Disease in Children and Adolescents: The Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Cohort.

Background: Few studies have prospectively evaluated the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children and adolescents, as well as factors associated with progression.

Study Design: Prospective multicenter observational cohort study.

Setting & Participants: 496 children and adolescents with CKD enrolled in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study.

The influence of early feeding practices on fruit and vegetable intake among preschool children in 4 European birth cohorts.

Background: Fruit and vegetable intake in children remains below recommendations in many countries. The long-term effects of early parental feeding practices on fruit and vegetable intake are not clearly established.

Objective: The purpose of the current study was to examine whether early feeding practices influence later fruit and vegetable intake in preschool children.

Breastfeeding duration, social and occupational characteristics of mothers in the French 'EDEN mother-child' cohort.

Socio-demographic characteristics of mothers have been associated with exclusive breastfeeding duration, but little is known about the association with maternal full- and part-time employment and return to work in European countries. To study the associations between breastfeeding, any and almost exclusive (infants receiving breast milk as their only milk) breastfeeding, at 4 months of infant's age and the socio-demographic and occupational characteristics of mothers. We used the EDEN mother-child cohort, a prospective study of 2002 singleton pregnant women in two French university hospitals.

Determinants of infant formula use and relation with growth in the first 4 months.

The wide variety of infant formula available on the market can be confusing for parents and physicians. We aimed to determine associations between predominant type of formula used from birth to 4 months and parental and child characteristics and type of physician consulted, and then to describe relations between type of formula used and growth. Our analyses included 1349 infants from the EDEN mother-child cohort.