Efficacy of high-frequency spinal cord stimulation for fibromyalgia syndrome in two cases: case reports.

Background: Reports on the effectiveness of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for the alleviation of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) pain are scarce. We report two cases of effective high-frequency SCS at 1000 Hz against upper- and lower-limb pain in patients with FMS.

Case Presentation: Two women with widespread pain were diagnosed with FMS and the pain gradually worsened.

Hemolytic reaction in the washed salvaged blood of a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.

Background: In patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), the membrane-attack complex (MAC) formed on red blood cells (RBCs) causes hemolysis due to the patient's own activated complement system by an infection, inflammation, or surgical stress. The efficacy of transfusion therapy for patients with PNH has been documented, but no studies have focused on the perioperative use of salvaged autologous blood in patients with PNH.

Case Presentation: A 71-year-old man underwent total hip replacement surgery.