Validation and interdevice reliability of a behavior monitoring collar to measure rumination, feeding activity, and idle time of lactating dairy cows.

Interdevice precision and accuracy are not investigated for precision livestock farming (PLF) technologies, but are fundamental for the use of data in populational metrics and to compare cows' data. This study aimed to validate a behavior monitoring collar (BMC; CowMed, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil) and its interdevice reliability. First, we compared observations with the BMC, and second the interdevice precision and accuracy for rumination, feeding activity, and idle time of lactating dairy cows.

The effect of diet restriction on raw milk stability: a meta-analytical approach.

This research communication was designed to evaluate the effects of different levels of diet restriction on the composition and ethanol stability (MES) of raw bovine milk. This research was carried out using three electronic databases: Scopus, Pubmed and Web of Science. The main inclusion criteria were: (i) original research, (ii) use of alcohol (ethanol) test as a method to assess milk stability, (iii) measure different levels of feed restriction and (iv) allow access to the raw data of articles.

Clostridium neonatale antimicrobial susceptibility, genetic resistance determinants, and genotyping: a multicentre spatiotemporal retrospective analysis.

Background: Clostridium neonatale was isolated during an outbreak of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in 2002. C. neonatale was validated as a new species within the genus Clostridium sensu stricto in 2018.

Core-genome multilocus sequence typing and core-SNP analysis of strains isolated in different spatio-temporal settings.

has been isolated from the fecal samples of asymptomatic neonates and cases of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Taking advantage of a large collection of independent strains isolated from different spatio-temporal settings, we developed and established a cgMLST scheme for the molecular typing of . Both the cgMLST and cgSNP methods demonstrate comparable discrimination power.

Occurrence of Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Premature Neonates and Gut Microbiota: A Case-Control Prospective Multicenter Study.

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is still one of the leading causes of neonatal death. The present study reports the data from a French case-control prospective multicenter study.

Methods: A total of 146 preterm neonates (PNs) with or without NEC were included.

Early Life Factors Influencing Children Gut Microbiota at 3.5 Years from Two French Birth Cohorts.

Early life gut microbiota-influencing factors may play an important role in programming individuals long-term health and substantial efforts have been devoted into studying the development of the gut microbiota in relation to early life events. This study aimed to examine in a single study, the persistence of associations between 20 factors occurring in the early life and the gut microbiota at 3.5 years of 798 children from two French nationwide birth cohorts, EPIPAGE 2 (very preterm children) and ELFE (late preterm and full-term children).

Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: and fermentation metabolism and enteropathogenicity.

Bacterial colonization in the gut plays a pivotal role in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) development, but the relationship between bacteria and NEC remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate whether bacterial butyrate end-fermentation metabolites participate in the development of NEC lesions and confirm the enteropathogenicity of and in NEC. First, we produced and strains impaired in butyrate production by genetically inactivating the gene encoding β-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase that produces end-fermentation metabolites.

Very Preterm Children Gut Microbiota Comparison at the Neonatal Period of 1 Month and 3.5 Years of Life.

Prematurity is a risk factor for dysbiosis of the gut microbiota due to particular birth conditions and frequent prolonged hospitalization of neonates. Although gut microbiota colonization after birth and its establishment during the hospitalization period have been studied in preterm infants, data on gut microbiota following discharge, particularly during early childhood, are scarce. The present study investigated the relationship between gut microbiota at 1 month after birth (hospitalization period) and 3.

Gut Microbiota Diversity of Preterm Neonates Is Associated With Colonization.

In adults, infections are associated with alterations of the intestinal bacterial populations. Although preterm neonates (PN) are frequently colonized by , limited data are available regarding the relationship between and the intestinal microbiota of this specific population. Therefore, we studied the intestinal microbiota of PN from two multicenter cohorts using high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene.

Core-, pan- and accessory genome analyses of : insights into genetic diversity.

is a potential opportunistic pathogen recovered from faecal samples in cases of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a gastrointestinal disease affecting preterm neonates. Although the species description and name validation were published in 2018, comparative genomics are lacking. In the present study, we provide the closed genome assembly of the ATCC BAA-265 (=250.

Isolation and Characterization of Commensal Bifidobacteria Strains in Gut Microbiota of Neonates Born Preterm: A Prospective Longitudinal Study.

Bifidobacterial population dynamics were investigated using a longitudinal analysis of dominant species isolated from feces of neonates born preterm (singletons ( = 10), pairs of twins ( = 11)) from birth up to 16 months of age. We performed quantification, isolation, and identification of the dominant bifidobacteria strains. The genetic relationship of the isolates was investigated via pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) genotyping, and PCR was used to screen the specific genetic marker genes.

Procedural Sedation with Dexmedetomidine for Anterior Mediastinotomy in a High-Risk Patient.

Perioperative management of patients with mediastinal masses still poses a challenge for the anesthesiologist, as the use of general anesthesia can be associated with acute perioperative cardiorespiratory impairment resulting from the mass collapsing on the airway or vascular structures. Dexmedetomidine can be used for procedural sedation due to its reversible sedative and anxiolytic properties with dose-dependent effects, while not interfering with ventilatory drive. These features are of particular interest for the perioperative management of patients with large anterior mediastinal masses.

First 1000 Days of Life: Consequences of Antibiotics on Gut Microbiota.

The developmental origin of health and disease highlights the importance of the period of the first 1000 days (from conception to 2 years) of life. In particular, the process of gut microbiota establishment occurs within this time window. Therefore, determinants interfering with neonatal gut establishment may disrupt its physiological functions and potentially lead to negative health outcomes.

Characterization of Non-Toxigenic Strains Isolated from Preterm Neonates and In Vivo Study of Their Protective Effect.

In a previous monocentric study in preterm neonates (PN), we described a high colonization rate (74%) with two uncommon non-toxigenic strains (NTCD) belonging to PCR-ribotype (RT) (CE)847 and (CE)032. To determine the extent of carriage of both NTCD in other spatio-temporal settings, strains isolated in PN stools from two multicenter cohorts were characterized by PCR-ribotyping, MLVA and MLST. We also evaluated the protective role of two NTCD from these RT against infection in a hamster caecitis model.

Assessment of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Practices and Preterm Newborn Gut Microbiota and 2-Year Neurodevelopmental Outcomes.

Importance: In very preterm newborns, gut microbiota is highly variable with major dysbiosis. Its association with short-term health is widely studied, but the association with long-term outcomes remains unknown.

Objective: To investigate in preterm newborns the associations among practice strategies in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), gut microbiota, and outcomes at 2 years.

Nurses' knowledge about regional foods, food & nutritional safety.

Objectives: to analyze the knowledge of nurses working in Primary Health Care Units about regional foods, food & nutritional safety.

Methods: a cross-sectional study conducted with 71 nurses working in health care units in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará. Data were obtained through administration of two questionnaires, subsequently analyzed through statistical tests.

Clostridia and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm neonates.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most severe life threatening gastrointestinal disease among preterm neonates. NEC continues to account for substantial morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units worldwide. Although its pathogenesis remains incompletely elucidated, NEC is recognized as a multifactorial disease involving intestinal unbalanced inflammatory response, feeding strategies, and bacterial colonization.

Carriage and colonization of C. difficile in preterm neonates: A longitudinal prospective study.

Background: Premature neonates (PN) present multiple risk factors for high frequencies and high levels of colonization by C. difficile, yet data is missing about this specific pediatric population. Here, we investigated PN C.

[Not Available].

Antibiotics are involved act directly or indirectly on the intestinal microbiota. The consequences of changing microbiota equilibrium are an increased risk of developing certain pathologies and the emergence of resistant bacteria. In view of the new information accumulated in recent years, a more reasonable use of antibiotics in neonatology is all the more justified.

Clostridial Strain-Specific Characteristics Associated with Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

We aimed at identifying potential bacterial factors linking clostridia with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). We compared the phenotypic traits, stress responses, cellular cytotoxicity, and inflammatory capabilities of the largest collection of and strains isolated from fecal samples of NEC preterm neonates (PN) and control PNs. When strain characteristics were used as explanatory variables, a statistical discriminant analysis allowed the separation of NEC and control strains into separate groups.

Comparative phenotypic analysis of "Clostridium neonatale" and Clostridium butyricum isolates from neonates.

"Clostridium neonatale" was recently described as a new species within the Cluster I of the Clostridium genus sensu stricto. In this study, we characterized "C. neonatale" isolates (n = 42) and compared their phenotypic properties with those of Clostridium butyricum (n = 26), a close related species.

Long survival in a patient with metastatic colorrectal carcinoma: reality or utopia?

We report the case of a 42-year-old male patient with mucinous-type metastatic colorectal carcinoma of eight years of evolution. He has received multiple lines of cytostatic treatment with acceptable tolerance and without significant impairment in his quality of life. At present, it is estimated that the overall survival of metastatic colon cancer in cytostatic treatment is around 24 months.

Nutritional strategies and gut microbiota composition as risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis in very-preterm infants.

The pathophysiology of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains poorly understood. We assessed the relation between feeding strategies, intestinal microbiota composition, and the development of NEC. We performed a prospective nationwide population-based study, EPIPAGE 2 (Etude Epidémiologique sur les Petits Ages Gestationnels), including preterm infants born at <32 wk of gestation in France in 2011.