Short- and long-term prognosis of patients with community-acquired Legionella or pneumococcal pneumonia diagnosed by urinary antigen testing.

Objectives: To analyze the differences in short- and long-term prognosis and the predictors of survival between patients with community-acquired Legionella and Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia, diagnosed early by urinary antigen testing (UAT).

Methods: Prospective multicenter study conducted in immunocompetent patients hospitalized with community-acquired Legionella or pneumococcal pneumonia (L-CAP or P-CAP) between 2002-2020. All cases were diagnosed based on positive UAT.

Impact of severe lymphopenia on the early prediction of clinical outcome in hospitalized patients with pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of an optimal and reproducible cutoff value set according to a predefined lymphopenia scale as an early predictor of in-hospital mortality and other outcomes in patients hospitalized with pneumococcal pneumonia and positive urinary antigen at admission to the emergency department.

Methods: An observational cohort study was conducted based on analysis of a prospective registry of consecutive immunocompetent adults hospitalized for pneumococcal pneumonia in two tertiary hospitals. Generalized additive models were constructed to assess the smooth relationship between in-hospital mortality and lymphopenia.

Estimating the risk of bacteraemia in hospitalised patients with pneumococcal pneumonia.

Objective: To construct a prediction model for bacteraemia in patients with pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia (P-CAP) based on variables easily obtained at hospital admission.

Methods: This prospective observational multicentre derivation-validation study was conducted in patients hospitalised with P-CAP between 2000 and 2020. All cases were diagnosed based on positive urinary antigen tests in the emergency department and had blood cultures taken on admission.

New-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. Impact of timing and duration on short- and medium-term mortality.

Objetives: To assess the incidence, related factors, timing and duration of new- onset atrial fibrillation in a cohort of consecutive patients diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia.

Methods: Observational study including all immunocompetent adults hospitalized for pneumococcal pneumonia. Patients were classified by time (atrial fibrillation recognized on emergency room arrival or developed during hospitalization) and duration (paroxysmal or persistent).

Non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia: general characteristics and early predictive factors for poor outcome.

Nowadays, most cases of pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia (PCAP) are diagnosed by positive urinary antigen. Our aims were to analyse process of care in patients hospitalised with non-bacteremic PCAP (NB-PCAP) and identify factors associated with poor outcome (PO) in this population. We conducted a prospective study, including patients hospitalised for NB-PCAP (positive urinary antigen and negative blood culture) over a 15 year period.

Factors influencing long-term survival after hospitalization with pneumococcal pneumonia.

Objective: To assess survival and identify predictors of survival more than 30-days after discharge in a cohort of consecutive patients diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia.

Methods: Observational study including all consecutive immunocompetent adult patients surviving more than 30-days after hospitalization. The bacteriological diagnosis was based on the results of urinary antigen testing and/or blood culture.

Age-related differences in management and outcomes in hospitalized healthy and well-functioning bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia patients: a cohort study.

Background: Limited data are available regarding fit and healthy patients with pneumonia at different ages. We evaluated the association of age with clinical presentation, serotype and outcomes among healthy and well-functioning patients hospitalized for bacteremic pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia.

Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study of consecutive healthy and well-functioning patients hospitalized for this type of pneumonia.

Lack of essential information in spontaneous reports of adverse drug reactions in Catalonia-a restraint to the potentiality for signal detection.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the quality of the information contained in the adverse drug reactions (ADR) reports and to describe the magnitude and characteristics of the lacking information.

Methods: All reports of serious ADR received by the Catalan Center of Pharmacovigilance in 2014 were analyzed using the VigiGrade and a more clinical and qualitative approach.

Results: Up to 824 reports describing serious ADR were included in the study; of them, 503 (61.

Pneumococcal pneumonia: differences according to blood culture results.

Background: Bacteremia by Streptococcus pneumoniae has been traditionally associated with poor outcomes in patients with pneumonia; however, data on its impact on outcomes are limited and are sometimes contradictory.

Methods: We performed a prospective study in two hospitals in northern Spain in which cases diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia were selected from a cohort of hospitalized patients with pneumonia between January 2001 and July 2009. We compared patients with pneumococcal bacteremic pneumonia with those with pneumococcal non-bacteremic pneumonia.

Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen in urine: diagnostic usefulness and impact on outcome of bacteraemic pneumococcal pneumonia in a large series of adult patients.

Background And Objective: Urinary pneumococcal antigen detection provides good results in the diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia but has rarely been used in bacteraemic pneumococcal pneumonia and it is not known whether it is associated with outcome in this type of pneumonia. Our objectives were to assess the usefulness of an immunochromatographic technique for detecting the pneumococcal antigen in urine in a large prospective study of patients with bacteraemic pneumococcal pneumonia and explore any potential association with outcomes.

Methods: This study, carried out over 8 years, included all adult immunocompetent patients admitted for bacteraemic pneumococcal pneumonia.

Bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia in elderly and very elderly patients: host- and pathogen-related factors, process of care, and outcome.

Background: Hospitalizations due to pneumonia increase steadily with age. The purpose of this study is to explore differences in host- and pathogen-related factors, process of care, and outcome as a function of age in elderly patients with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia and identify factors related to mortality.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study of a cohort of elderly (65-79 years) and very elderly patients (≥ 80 years old) diagnosed with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia.

[Inhaled antibiotic therapy in other respiratory diseases].

Aerosolized antimicrobial agents have been used in clinical practice since the 1950s. The main advantage and aim of using this route of administration is delivery of the drug to the site of infection in the lung. Achieving this aim may produce high concentrations in the site of infection or colonization and reduce systemic toxicity to a minimum.

Escherichia coli: an unknown and infrequent cause of community acquired pneumonia.

Our aim was to describe the incidence, clinical characteristics and outcome of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by Escherichia coli through the analysis of a cohort of patients with this condition. This study includes all the patients who were admitted to our hospitals because of CAP caused by E. coli, diagnosed with highly reliable microbiological techniques, such as blood culture, bronchoscopic protected specimen brush (PSB) or transthoracic needle aspiration (TNA).