First clear evidence of Anoplotherium (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) in the Iberian Peninsula: an update on the Iberian anoplotheriines.

Anoplotheriines (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) were enigmatic, medium- to large-sized ungulates that lived in Western Europe from the late middle Eocene to the earliest Oligocene. The unusual dental and postcranial specializations of these Paleogene mammals have no equivalent in other Cenozoic or contemporaneous artiodactyls on Holarctic landmasses. They appeared abruptly on the Central European Island around the middle to late Eocene transition, but their origin and dispersal through the different areas of the Eocene European archipelago are uncertain.

First adequately-known quadrupedal sirenian from Eurasia (Eocene, Bay of Biscay, Huesca, northeastern Spain).

Sirenians are the only extant herbivorous mammals fully adapted to an aquatic lifestyle. They originated in Africa during the Paleocene from an undetermined clade of afrotherian mammals, and by the end of the Eocene they were widely distributed across the tropical latitudes. Here we introduce Sobrarbesiren cardieli gen.

First record of the genus Microchoerus (Omomyidae, Primates) in the western Iberian Peninsula and its palaeobiogeographic implications.

In this paper we describe new material of Microchoerus (Microchoerinae, Omomyidae, Primates) from Zambrana (Miranda-Trebiño Basin, northern Iberian Peninsula, Spain), a locality assigned to Reference Level MP18 (middle Headonian, Late Eocene). The specimens studied consist of two mandibular fragments, bearing p3-m3 and p4-m3. The teeth resemble in size and morphology those of Microchoerus erinaceus from Hordle Cliff, England, although some differences prevent us from making a definitive ascription to this species.