Pain in idiopathic scoliosis not associated with known genetic variants for pain.

Introduction: Back pain is common in idiopathic scoliosis. The aim of this study was to study known genetic variants associated with pain in individuals with idiopathic scoliosis.

Methods: We included 1442 individuals with juvenile or adolescent idiopathic scoliosis from Sweden and Denmark.

Do middle-aged patients with onset of idiopathic scoliosis before the age of 10 years who have reduced pulmonary function have a risk for rapid decline - a comparative study.

Back Ground: Knowledge concerning pulmonary function in adult patients with onset of idiopathic scoliosis before age 10 is sparse. A long-term follow-up (FU, mean 26 years, > 12 years after treatment) of pulmonary function (PF) in patients treated with brace or surgery due to idiopathic scoliosis with onset before the age of 10 was earlier performed. To evaluate whether a more severe reduction in pulmonary function leads to more rapid deterioration within a four-year period, this study was performed.

Thoracic mobility and its relation to pulmonary function and rib-cage deformity in patients with early onset idiopathic scoliosis: a long-term follow-up.

Study Design: A group of adult patients with idiopathic scoliosis, diagnosed before the age of ten, at a mean of 26.5 years after treatment with either brace or surgery during childhood and adolescence attended a clinical follow-up.

Objectives: To evaluate the relation between thoracic mobility, rib-cage deformity, and pulmonary function.

Self-Experienced Trunk Appearance in Individuals With and Without Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Study Design: Cross-sectional.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the self-experienced trunk appearance in individuals with and without idiopathic scoliosis.

Summary Of Background Data: Idiopathic scoliosis is the most common spinal deformity.

Quality of Life in Males and Females With Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Study Design: Cross-sectional.

Objective: To describe quality of life in males and females with idiopathic scoliosis.

Summary Of Background Data: Idiopathic scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity affecting the growing spine.

Health-Related Quality of Life in Adulthood in Untreated and Treated Individuals with Adolescent or Juvenile Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Background: Health-related quality of life in adults with idiopathic scoliosis diagnosed before maturity has been reported to be similar between brace-treated and surgically treated individuals. The aim of this study was to compare health-related quality of life in untreated, brace-treated, and surgically treated adults with idiopathic scoliosis diagnosed before skeletal maturity. Subgroup analyses were performed on the basis of age at the time of the study, age of onset, surgical characteristics, and curve magnitude.

CELSR2 is a candidate susceptibility gene in idiopathic scoliosis.

A Swedish pedigree with an autosomal dominant inheritance of idiopathic scoliosis was initially studied by genetic linkage analysis, prioritising genomic regions for further analysis. This revealed a locus on chromosome 1 with a putative risk haplotype shared by all affected individuals. Two affected individuals were subsequently exome-sequenced, identifying a rare, non-synonymous variant in the CELSR2 gene.

Middle-aged individuals with thalidomide embryopathy have undergone few surgical limb procedures and demonstrate a high degree of physical independence.

Background: Thalidomide is known to have induced thalidomide embryopathy (TE) in more than 10,000 live-born children worldwide between 1957-1962.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the need for orthopaedic surgery and limb orthosis in relation to function and physical independence in middle-aged individuals with TE.

Methods: 13 women/18 men with a mean age of 45.

Neck and back problems in adults with idiopathic scoliosis diagnosed in youth: an observational study of prevalence, change over a mean four year time period and comparison with a control group.

Background: The knowledge is sparse concerning neck problems in patients with idiopathic scoliosis. This is an observational study including a control group which aims to describe the prevalence of neck problems and the association with back problems among adult individuals with and without idiopathic scoliosis.

Methods: One thousand sixty-nine adults with a mean age of 40 years, diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis in youth, answered a questionnaire on neck and back problems.

Health-related quality of life and function in middle-aged individuals with thalidomide embryopathy.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of limb malformations on health-related quality of life (HRQL) and function of the extremities in middle-aged individuals with thalidomide embryopathy (TE). Between 1959 and 1962, approximately 150 children with multiple malformations were born in Sweden following the maternal intake of thalidomide during pregnancy, of whom 100 survived.

Methods: Thirty-one individuals with TE underwent evaluations of musculoskeletal manifestations by clinical examination.

Continued growth after fixation of slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

Purpose: When treating slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), a smooth pin with a hook or a short threaded screw can be used to allow further growth, which could be important to prevent the development of impingement and early arthritis. The purpose of this investigation was to measure growth in three dimensions after fixation of SCFE.

Methods: Sixteen participants with unilateral SCFE, nine girls and seven boys with a median age of 12.

Adults With Idiopathic Scoliosis Diagnosed at Youth Experience Similar Physical Activity and Fracture Rate as Controls.

Study Design: Cross-sectional.

Objective: To describe physical activity level and fracture rates in adults with idiopathic scoliosis, diagnosed before maturity, and to compare with a control group.

Summary Of Background Data: A previous study found a lower level of sporting activities in adults treated for idiopathic scoliosis compared with controls.

Degenerative Changes in the Cervical Spine Are More Common in Middle-Aged Individuals with Thalidomide Embryopathy than in Healthy Controls.

Background: Thalidomide was used as a sedative drug for pregnant women in the 1950-60:s and resulted in children born with thalidomide embryopathy (TE), including upper limb malformations. These may alter the motion pattern of the cervical spine by the use of head/shoulder and mouth grip.

Aims: To compare degenerative changes in the cervical spine in TE individuals with healthy controls (CTR).

Vertebral Body Stapling versus Bracing for Patients with High-Risk Moderate Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Purpose: We report a comparison study of vertebral body stapling (VBS) versus a matched bracing cohort for immature patients with moderate (25 to 44°) idiopathic scoliosis (IS).

Methods: 42 of 49 consecutive patients (86%) with IS were treated with VBS and followed for a minimum of 2 years. They were compared to 121 braced patients meeting identical inclusion criteria.

Pulmonary Function in Middle-Aged Patients With Idiopathic Scoliosis With Onset Before the Age of 10 Years.

Study Design: Consecutive patients with idiopathic scoliosis diagnosed before age 10 attended a clinical follow-up at least 10 years after treatment.

Objectives: To evaluate the pulmonary function in adulthood after treatment with brace or surgery before maturity.

Summary Of Background Data: Long-term studies of these patients have not been published.

Quality of Life in Middle-Aged Patients With Idiopathic Scoliosis With Onset Before the Age of 10 Years.

Study Design: Consecutive patients with idiopathic scoliosis and diagnosis before age 10 were invited to a clinical follow-up (FU) at least 10 years after treatment with brace or surgery.

Objectives: To evaluate the quality of life and back problems in adulthood.

Summary Of Background Data: Information on long-term outcome relating to health issues, back problems, and quality of life after treatment is sparse in this patient group.

Candidate gene analysis and exome sequencing confirm LBX1 as a susceptibility gene for idiopathic scoliosis.

Background Context: Idiopathic scoliosis is a spinal deformity affecting approximately 3% of otherwise healthy children or adolescents. The etiology is still largely unknown but has an important genetic component. Genome-wide association studies have identified a number of common genetic variants that are significantly associated with idiopathic scoliosis in Asian and Caucasian populations, rs11190870 close to the LBX1 gene being the most replicated finding.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common form of structural spinal deformities that have a radiological lateral Cobb angle - a measure of spinal curvature - of ≥10(°). AIS affects between 1% and 4% of adolescents in the early stages of puberty and is more common in young women than in young men. The condition occurs in otherwise healthy individuals and currently has no recognizable cause.

Long-term follow-up of thalidomide embryopathy: malformations and development of osteoarthritis in the lower extremities and evaluation of upper extremity function.

Background: Between 1959 and 1962, several children with multiple malformations were born after maternal intake of thalidomide during pregnancy, known as thalidomide embryopathy (TE).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the malformations, their long-term effect on the function of the extremities and the development of degenerative osteoarthritis (OA) in the lower extremities.

Methods: All living persons with TE in Sweden were invited to participate in the study.

Prevalence of Back Problems in 1069 Adults With Idiopathic Scoliosis and 158 Adults Without Scoliosis.

Study Design: Multicenter case-control study.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of back problems in adults with idiopathic scoliosis.

Summary Of Background Data: Information on the prevalence of back problems in adults with idiopathic scoliosis is scarce, especially in untreated individuals, males, and individuals with an age at the onset of scoliosis of less than 10 years.

Natural history of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a tool for guidance in decision of surgery of curves above 50°.

The purpose of this lecture was to give an overview of the natural history of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), in order to serve as guidance in the decision of performing surgery or not for the specific patient with AIS. A literature review was performed. Studies concerning long-term outcome in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis that had received no treatment were used.

Reliability and validity of the Swedish version of the Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22r) patient questionnaire for idiopathic scoliosis.

Study Design: Two quality-of-life questionnaires were completed, once or twice, by patients with idiopathic scoliosis from 3 centers for scoliosis care in Sweden. These patients were under observation, during brace treatment, or after treatment with either a brace or surgery.

Objective: The aim of the study was to translate and validate the revised version of the Scoliosis Research Society Questionnaire (SRS-22r) for use in Sweden.

Family history and its association to curve size and treatment in 1,463 patients with idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: To study family history in relation to curve severity, gender, age at diagnosis and treatment in idiopathic scoliosis.

Methods: A self-assessment questionnaire on family history of scoliosis was administered to 1,463 untreated, brace or surgically treated idiopathic scoliosis patients.

Results: Out of the 1,463 patients, 51 % had one or more relatives with scoliosis.

Health-related quality of life and ambulation in children with myelomeningocele in a Swedish population.

Aim: The aim was to study health-related quality of life (HRQL) in Swedish children with myelomeningocele (MMC) with respect to ambulatory function.

Methods: A physical examination of the lower limbs was performed, and occurrence of orthopaedic deformities and shunted hydrocephalus was documented. A questionnaire on general health-related quality of life Child Health Questionnaire-50 Parent Form (CHQ-PF50) was answered by the parents of 62 children, mean age 12.