A novel multiple-image encryption with multi-petals structured light.

The study proposed a novel multiple-image encryption scheme using spatial multiplexing under the illumination of a multi-petals structured light. The security is enhanced through the multi-petals structured light with coherent superposition of several vortex beams with different topological charges. Through the system, an image array is formed behind the sub-petals of the complex structured light.

Molecular mechanism of high glucose-induced mitochondrial DNA damage in retinal ganglion cells.

Mitochondrial DNA damage in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) may be closely related to lesions of glaucoma. RGCs were cultured with different concentrations of glucose and grouped into 3 groups, namely normal control (NC) group, Low-Glu group, and High-Glu group. Cell viability was measured with cell counting kit-8, and cell apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry.

Identification of a novel ferroptosis-related gene signature associated with retinal degeneration induced by light damage in mice.

Background: Neurodegenerative retinal diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa are serious disorders that may cause irreversible visual impairment. Ferroptosis is a novel type of programmed cell death, and the involvement of ferroptosis in retinal degeneration is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the related ferroptosis genes in a mice model of retinal degeneration induced by light damage.

IS-Seq: a bioinformatics pipeline for integration sites analysis with comprehensive abundance quantification methods.

Background: Integration site (IS) analysis is a fundamental analytical platform for evaluating the safety and efficacy of viral vector based preclinical and clinical Gene Therapy (GT). A handful of groups have developed standardized bioinformatics pipelines to process IS sequencing data, to generate reports, and/or to perform comparative studies across different GT trials. Keeping up with the technological advances in the field of IS analysis, different computational pipelines have been published over the past decade.

Clinical Significance of Visual Training in Improving Visual Function After Retinal Detachment in Adolescents.

Context: Epidemiological data has shown that retinal detachment (RD) can occur at any age but has a poor prognosis in the adolescent population, which can cause huge obstacles to their life and learning. Although medications can achieve some curative effect, they have potential side effects and differences in individual efficacy.

Objective: • The study intended to explore the clinical significance of visual training in improving recovery of postoperative visual function after external reduction of retinal detachment in adolescent patients.

Explore the molecular mechanism of angle-closure glaucoma in elderly patients induced telomere shortening of retinal ganglion cells through oxidative stress.

Senile glaucoma is a common ophthalmological disease in the elderly. It is a disease of visual papillary perfusion caused by elevated intraocular pressure, complicated by visual dysfunction. Glaucoma can cause serious damage to the normal vision of the elderly.

Hyperglycemia induces retinal ganglion cell endoplasmic reticulum stress to the involvement of glaucoma in diabetic mice.

Unlabelled: Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease leading to visual loss. Since glaucoma is associated with chronic renal diseases (RDs) their rate is higher in patients with RDs, and end-stage RDs (ESRDs) than in the general population and kidney transplant recipients.

Objective: To explore the molecular mechanism of diabetic internal environment in regulating the endoplasmic reticulum stress of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs).

Asymmetric cryptosystem based on optical scanning cryptography and elliptic curve algorithm.

We propose an asymmetric cryptosystem based on optical scanning cryptography (OSC) and elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) algorithm. In the encryption stage of OSC, an object is encrypted to cosine and sine holograms by two pupil functions calculated via ECC algorithm from sender's biometric image, which is sender's private key. With the ECC algorithm, these holograms are encrypted to ciphertext, which is sent to the receiver.

Dynamic transcriptional activity and chromatin remodeling of regulatory T cells after varied duration of interleukin-2 receptor signaling.

Regulatory T (T) cells require (interleukin-2) IL-2 for their homeostasis by affecting their proliferation, survival and activation. Here we investigated transcriptional and epigenetic changes after acute, periodic and persistent IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) signaling in mouse peripheral T cells in vivo using IL-2 or the long-acting IL-2-based biologic mouse IL-2-CD25. We show that initially IL-2R-dependent STAT5 transcription factor-dependent pathways enhanced gene activation, chromatin accessibility and metabolic reprogramming to support T cell proliferation.

A phase sensitive x-ray breast tomosynthesis system: Preliminary patient images with cancer lesions.

Phase-sensitive x-ray imaging continues to attract research for its ability to visualize weakly absorbing details like those often encountered in biology and medicine. We have developed and assembled the first inline-based high-energy phase sensitive breast tomosynthesis (PBT) system, which is currently undergoing patient imaging testing at a clinical site. The PBT system consists of a microfocus polychromatic x-ray source and a direct conversion-based flat panel detector coated with a 1 mm thick amorphous selenium layer allowing a high detective quantum efficiency at high energies.

Dual-energy phase retrieval algorithm for inline phase sensitive x-ray imaging system.

Phase retrieval is vital for quantitative x-ray phase contrast imaging. This work presents an iterative method to simultaneously retrieve the x-ray absorption and phase images from a single x-ray exposure. The proposed approach uses the photon-counting detectors' energy-resolving capability in providing multiple spectrally resolved phase contrast images from a single x-ray exposure.

Overexpression of HTRA1 increases the proliferation and migration of retinal pigment epithelium cells.

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) mainly affects the central region of retina and has many late-stage manifestations.

Objectives: Age-related macular degeneration is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in older people. The main feature of AMD is retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degeneration.

Sample phase gradient and fringe phase shift in triple phase grating X-ray interferometry.

Triple phase grating X-ray interferometry is a promising new technique of grating based X-ray differential phase contrast imaging. Accurate retrieval of sample phase gradients from measured interference fringe shifts is a key task in X-ray interferometry. To fulfill this task in triple phase grating X-ray interferometry with monochromatic X-ray sources, the authors derived exact formulas relating sample phase gradient to fringe phase shift.

Can Corporate Social Responsibility Promote Employees' Taking Charge? The Mediating Role of Thriving at Work and the Moderating Role of Task Significance.

There is growing evidence to suggest that employees' perceptions of their employer's corporate social responsibility (CSR) positively influences their attitude and behavior. An increasing number of scholars have called for further explorations of the microfoundations of CSR. To that end, this study takes the conservation of resources perspective to examine relationships and the perception of CSR by employees, considering areas such as thriving at work, task significance, and employees taking charge.

Development and preclinical evaluation of a patient-specific high energy x-ray phase sensitive breast tomosynthesis system.

Background: This article reports the first x-ray phase sensitive breast tomosynthesis (PBT) system that is aimed for direct translation to clinical practice for the diagnosis of breast cancer.

Purpose: To report the preclinical evaluation and comparison of the newly built PBT system with a conventional digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) system.

Methods And Materials: The PBT system is developed based on a comprehensive inline phase contrast theoretical model.

Predicting fringe visibility in dual-phase grating interferometry with polychromatic X-ray sources.

Dual phase grating X-ray interferometry is radiation dose-efficient as compared to common Talbot-Lau grating interferometry. The authors developed a general quantitative theory to predict the fringe visibility in dual-phase grating X-ray interferometry with polychromatic X-ray sources. The derived formulas are applicable to setups with phase gratings of any phase modulation and with either monochromatic or polychromatic X-rays.

Madecassoside protects retinal pigment epithelial cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis through the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive and degenerative ocular disease associated with oxidative stress. Madecassoside (MADE) is a major bioactive triterpenoid saponin that possesses antioxidative activity. However, the role of MADE in AMD has never been investigated.

Distinct features of nucleolus-associated domains in mouse embryonic stem cells.

Heterochromatin in eukaryotic interphase cells frequently localizes to the nucleolar periphery (nucleolus-associated domains (NADs)) and the nuclear lamina (lamina-associated domains (LADs)). Gene expression in somatic cell NADs is generally low, but NADs have not been characterized in mammalian stem cells. Here, we generated the first genome-wide map of NADs in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) via deep sequencing of chromatin associated with biochemically purified nucleoli.

Human Neutrophil Elastase Activated Fluorescent Probe for Pulmonary Diseases Based on Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Using CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots.

There is an increasing demand for effective noninvasive diagnosis against common pulmonary diseases, which are rising sharply due to the serious air pollution. Human neutrophil elastase (HNE), a typical protease highly involved in pulmonary inflammatory diseases and lung cancer, is a potential predictor for disease progression. Currently, few of the HNE-targeting probes are applicable due to the limitation in sensitivity and biocompatibility.

Genomic Characterization of Endothelial Enhancers Reveals a Multifunctional Role for NR2F2 in Regulation of Arteriovenous Gene Expression.

Rationale: Significant progress has revealed transcriptional inputs that underlie regulation of artery and vein endothelial cell fates. However, little is known concerning genome-wide regulation of this process. Therefore, such studies are warranted to address this gap.

Sample phase gradient and fringe phase shift in dual phase grating X-ray interferometry.

One of the key tasks in grating based x-ray phase contrast imaging is to accurately retrieve local phase gradients of a sample from measured intensity fringe shifts. To fulfill this task in dual phase grating interferometry, one needs to know the exact mathematical relationship between the two. In this work, using intuitive analysis of the sample-generated fringe shifts based on the beat pattern formation mechanism, the authors derived the formulas relating sample phase gradients to fringe phase shifts.

Multiple-image encryption based on angular-multiplexing holography with quick response code and spiral phase keys.

In this research, a novel optical multiple-image encryption method based on angular-multiplexing holography, quick response (QR) code, and spiral phase keys is proposed. With this method, images are transformed into QR codes and subsequently encrypted into a series of encrypted holograms using an angular-multiplexing technique. The encrypted holograms can only be decrypted when the hologram is illuminated with a duplicate of the reference beam and correct fingerprint and spiral phase plate (SPP) keys.

The mechanism of cancer drug addiction in ALK-positive T-Cell lymphoma.

Rational new strategies are needed to treat tumors resistant to kinase inhibitors. Mechanistic studies of resistance provide fertile ground for development of new approaches. Cancer drug addiction is a paradoxical resistance phenomenon, well-described in MEK-ERK-driven solid tumors, in which drug-target overexpression promotes resistance but a toxic overdose of signaling if the inhibitor is withdrawn.