Stimuli-Responsive Peptide/siRNA Nanoparticles as a Radiation Sensitizer for Glioblastoma Treatment by Co-Inhibiting RELA/P65 and EGFR.

Purpose: To develop a novel approach for increasing radiosensitivity in glioblastoma (GBM) by using targeted nanoparticles to deliver siRNA aimed at silencing the EGFR and RELA/P65 genes, which are implicated in radioresistance.

Patients And Methods: We engineered biodegradable, tumor-targeted, self-assembled, and stimuli-responsive peptide nanoparticles for efficient siRNA delivery. We evaluated the nanoparticles' ability to induce gene silencing and enhance DNA damage under radiation in vitro and in vivo.

Polymorphism of Niobium Phosphate Bronze NaNbPO Deduced by the Packings of Structural Units: A Centrosymmetric Phase.

Herein, a new centrosymmetric phase NaNbPO (referred to as CS-NaNbPO) was obtained by a molten salt method, which is a polymorph of niobium phosphate bronze NaNbPO. CS-NaNbPO displays high structural similarity to the noncentrosymmetric NaNbPO phase (referred to as NCS-NaNbPO): Distorted NbO octahedra are corner-coordinated to form ReO-type layers, which are further joined together by isolated PO tetrahedra. However, two polymorphous phases adopt different packings of structural units, resulting in distinct symmetries.

Comparative efficacy and safety of Faricimab and other anti-VEGF therapy for age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Introduction: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the efficacy and the overall safety of Faricimab compared with other anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME).

Materials And Methods: A systematic literature search of a comprehensive electronic database was performed to identify randomized clinical trials published from January 2013 to January 2023 for Faricimab in AMD and DME. Weighted mean differences and risk ratios were used to integrate the different studies.

Environmental and economic assessments of industry-level medical waste disposal technologies - A case study of ten Chinese megacities.

Medical waste (MW) is exploding due to the COVID-19 pandemic, posing a significant environmental threat, and leading to the urgent requirement for affordable and environmentally friendly MW disposal technologies. Prior research on individual MW disposal plants is region-specific, applying these results to other regions may introduce bias. In this study, major MW disposal technologies in China, i.

Atomic Substitution to Tune ScO Distortion in BaMSc(BO) (M = Na, K, Ba) to Acquire a Large Birefringence.

Replacing alkali metals (K, Na atoms) by an alkaline-earth metal (Ba atom), α-BaSc(BO) (high-temperature phase) is successfully obtained by a molten salt method, taking BaKNaSc(BO) as the parent template. Although both of them exhibit similar layered structures composed of ScO and BO units, α-BaSc(BO) shows largely distorted ScO octahedra (Δ = 0.56) forced by the uniform tension of a larger space effect from BaO polyhedrons, rather than regular ScO octahedra like in BaKNaSc(BO).

Highly efficient removal of hexavalent chromium by magnetic Fe-C composite from reed straw and electric furnace dust waste.

Reed straw and electric furnace dust (EFD) waste were used to prepare magnetic Fe-C composite (EFD&C) by co-precipitation and high-temperature activation method to remove Cr(VI) from water. The magnetic EFD&C owned a large specific surface (536.61 m/g) and a porous structure (micropores and mesopores), and had an efficient removal capacity for Cr(VI).

Claudin-5 relieves cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease mice through suppression of inhibitory GABAergic neurotransmission.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive cognitive decline, which is considered as the most common form of dementia in the elderly. Recently, it is suggested that impaired cerebrovascular function may precede the onset of AD. Claudin-5, which is the most enriched tight junction protein, has been reported to prevent the passage of damaging material at the blood-brain barrier.

A bivalent cyclic RGD-siRNA conjugate enhances the antitumor effect of apatinib via co-inhibiting VEGFR2 in non-small cell lung cancer xenografts.

The vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) is considered to be a pivotal target for anti-tumor therapy against angiogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, effective and low-toxicity targeted therapies to inhibit VEGFR2 are still lacking. Here, biRGD-siVEGFR2 conjugate comprising murine VEGFR2 siRNA and [cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Lys)-Ahx]-Glu-PEG-MAL (biRGD) peptide which selectively binds to integrin αvβ3 receptors expressing on neovascularization endothelial cell was synthesized.

Regulatory coupling between long noncoding RNAs and senescence in irradiated microglia.

Background: Microglia have been implicated in the pathogenesis of radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI), which severely influences the quality of life during long-term survival. Recently, irradiated microglia were speculated to present an aging-like phenotype. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recognized to regulate a wide spectrum of biological processes, including senescence; however, their potential role in irradiated microglia remains largely uncharacterized.

Linc-RA1 inhibits autophagy and promotes radioresistance by preventing H2Bub1/USP44 combination in glioma cells.

Radiotherapy is one of the standard treatments for glioma patients; however, its clinical efficacy is limited by radioresistance. We identified a mechanism of such resistance mediated by linc-RA1 (radioresistance-associated long intergenic noncoding RNA 1). Linc-RA1 was upregulated in radioresistant glioma cells and glioma tissue samples, compared with radiosensitive cells and nontumor tissues.

[Biomechanical Analysis of Orthopedic Screw Under Bone Remodeling].

In order to evaluate the biomechanical stability of titanium alloy screw with different structural parameters under bone remodeling, some three-dimensional finite element models were established and the bone remodeling process after implanting the screw was simulated. Three-dimensional finite element models consist of bone and screw with different lengths and diameters. Bone remodeling process was simulated by user-defined subroutine.

Long noncoding RNA LINC02582 acts downstream of miR-200c to promote radioresistance through CHK1 in breast cancer cells.

Radiotherapy is essential to treat breast cancer and microRNA (miRNA) miR-200c is considered as a radiosensitizer of breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms by which miR-200c regulates radiosensitivity remain largely unknown. In the present study, we showed that induction of miR-200c led to widespread alteration in long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression in breast cancer cells.

Finite Element- and Design of Experiment-Derived Optimization of Screw Configurations and a Locking Plate for Internal Fixation System.

Objectives: The optimization for the screw configurations and bone plate parameters was studied to improve the biomechanical performances such as reliable internal fixation and beneficial callus growth for the clinical treatment of femoral shaft fracture.

Methods: The finite element analysis (FEA) of internal fixation system under different screw configurations based on the orthogonal design was performed and so was for the different structural parameters of the locking plate based on the combination of uniform and orthogonal design. Moreover, orthogonal experiment weight matrixes for four evaluation indexes with FEA were analyzed.

Graphynes: an alternative lightweight solution for shock protection.

The excellent mechanical properties of graphyne (GY) have made it an appealing candidate in the field of impact protection. We assessed the deformation mechanisms of monolayer GY nanosheets of different morphologies, including α-GY, β-GY, γ-GY and 6612-GY, under supersonic-velocity impacts (from 1 to 6 km/s) based on in silico studies. Generally, cracks initiate at the geometry center and the nanosheet experiences significant out-of-plane deformation before the propagation of cracks.

A smart and portable micropump for stable liquid delivery.

Precise and reliable liquid delivery is vital for microfluidic applications. Here, we illustrate the design, fabrication, characterization, and application of a portable, low cost, and robust micropump, which brings solution to stable liquid delivery in microfluidic environment. The pump is designed with three optional speeds of different pumping flow rates, and it can be simply actuated by spring-driven mechanism.

An Efficient Bivalent Cyclic RGD-PIK3CB siRNA Conjugate for Specific Targeted Therapy against Glioblastoma In Vitro and In Vivo.

The PI3K-AKT-mTOR-signaling pathway is frequently activated in glioblastoma (GBM). Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta (PIK3CB)/p110β (a PI3K catalytic isoform) by RNAi substantially suppresses GBM growth with less toxicity to normal astrocytes. However, insufficient and non-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery may limit the efficacy of RNAi-based therapies against GBM.

LncRNA-135528 inhibits tumor progression by up-regulating CXCL10 through the JAK/STAT pathway.

Spontaneous tumor regression can be observed in many tumors, however, studies related to the altered expression of lncRNA in spontaneous glioma regression are limited, and the potential contributions of lncRNAs to spontaneous glioma regression remain unknown. To investigate the biological roles of lncRNA-135528 in spontaneous glioma regression. The cDNA fragment of lncRNA-135528 was obtained by rapid-amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technology and cloned into the plvx-mcmv-zsgreen-puro vector.

[Small interfering RNA-mediated programmed cell death-ligand 1 silencing in human glioma cells enhances human CD8 T lymphocyte cytotoxicity ].

Objective: To investigate the effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing of programmed cell deathligand 1 (PD-L1) in human glioma cells on the cytotoxicity of human CD8T lymphocytes against the modified tumor cells.

Methods: A siRNA sequence targeting PD-L1 gene was designed and transfected into human glioma U87 MG cells via lipofectamine 2000, and the gene silencing effect was validated using RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and flow cytometry. The transfected cells were co-cultured with human CD8T lymphocytes, and the apoptosis of the tumor cells was analyzed with flow cytometry.

[Finite Element Analysis of Screw Layout of Locking Plate for Treating Femoral Shaft Fracture].

To evaluate the biomechanical stability of femoral shaft fracture fixation using different locking plates combined with different screw layout, for two different fracture settings, we build six groups different length locking plate combined with different screw number and different screw layout, fix with the fracture models respectively, and use the biomechanical finite element method to analysis the models. Then we attain the axial displacement and equivalent stress distribution of the internal fixation system under the action of axial load. The research shows that filling relatively softer material in femoral fracture can guarantee the stability of the internal fixation system, the long plate combined with less screw layout is obviously better than the short plate combined with the all screw layout, the same length plate combined with the selective screw layout is more effective than combined with the all screw layout.

Gelofusine Attenuates Tubulointerstitial Injury Induced by cRGD-Conjugated siRNA by Regulating the TLR3 Signaling Pathway.

Integrin αvβ3, which is selectively targeted by cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD) peptides, is significantly upregulated in tumors. Previous studies showed that small interfering RNA (siRNA) modified with cRGD (cRGD-siRNA) could significantly inhibit tumor growth through RNAi with oncogene expression. However, cRGD-siRNA is partially reabsorbed and trapped in the kidneys, causing renal injury in an unpredictable manner.

Protective effect of Gelofusine against cRGD-siRNA-induced nephrotoxicity in mice.

Based on successful targeting to the αvβ3 integrin of cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD), cRGD-conjugated small interfering RNA (siRNA) exhibits tumor targeting and has become a new treatment strategy for solid tumors. However, the nephrotoxicity caused by its renal retention limits its clinical application. Here, we evaluated the protective effect of Gelofusine against cRGD-conjugated siRNA-induced nephrotoxicity in mice.

Efficacy and safety of Reduqing granules in the treatment of common cold with wind-heat syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, positive-controlled trial.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of Reduqing granules in patients with common cold with wind-heat syndrome (CCWHS).

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel, positive- controlled trial included 72 CCWHS patients was performed. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups, Reduqing (RDQ) group and Lianhuaqingwen (LHQW) group, in a 1:1 ratio.

A tumor-targeting cRGD-EGFR siRNA conjugate and its anti-tumor effect on glioblastoma in vitro and in vivo.

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important anti-tumor target. The development of novel molecular-targeted anti-tumor drugs that can target the interior of tumor cells and specifically silence EGFR expression is valuable and promising. In this work, a promising anti-tumor conjugate comprising methoxy-modified EGFR siRNA and cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD) peptides, which selectively bind to αvβ3 integrins, was synthesized and examined.

LncRNA-N1LR Enhances Neuroprotection Against Ischemic Stroke Probably by Inhibiting p53 Phosphorylation.

In recent years, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to have critical roles in a broad range of cell biological processes. However, the activities of lncRNAs during ischemic stroke remain largely unknown. In this study, we carried out a genome-wide lncRNA microarray analysis in rat brains with ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.