Definitive Radiation Therapy is a Viable Treatment for Locally Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma Otherwise Requiring Radical or Disfiguring Resection.

Purpose: Standard treatment for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is surgical resection. However, a subset of locally advanced BCCs may be unresectable, or surgery would result in unacceptable functional or cosmetic defects. Outcomes after definitive radiation therapy for locally advanced BCC in the contemporary era are not well established.

Local Recurrence Rates After Excision of Desmoplastic Melanoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Few prospective studies have evaluated local recurrence rates (LRR) after excision of desmoplastic melanoma (DM); however, several retrospective studies have reported high LRR.

Objective: To determine LRR after excision of DM and evaluate factors affecting LRR.

Materials And Methods: Systematic review of the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases was performed to identify studies reporting local recurrence after excision of DM with conventional wide local excision (WLE), Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS), or staged excision (SE).

Systematic Review of Technical Variations for Mohs Micrographic Surgery for Melanoma.

Background: Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) for cutaneous melanoma is becoming more prevalent, but surgical technique varies.

Objective: To define variations in published techniques for MMS for melanoma.

Methods And Materials: A systematic review was performed of PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases to identify all articles describing surgical techniques for MMS for melanoma.

Rates of Opioid Prescriptions Obtained After Mohs Surgery: A Claims Database Analysis From 2009 to 2020.

Importance: To curtail the opioid epidemic, physicians have been advised to limit opioid prescriptions.

Objective: To characterize the frequency and changes over time (2009-2020) of opioid prescriptions following Mohs micrographic surgery.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study using Optum Clinformatics DataMart (Optum CDM), a nationally representative insurance claims database, included patients aged 18 years and older who had Mohs micrographic surgery insurance claims in the Optum CDM database from 2009 to 2020.

Compliance with sentinel lymph node biopsy guidelines for invasive melanomas treated with Mohs micrographic surgery.

Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has not been studied for invasive melanomas treated with Mohs micrographic surgery using frozen-section MART-1 immunohistochemical stains (MMS-IHC). The primary objective of this study was to assess the accuracy and compliance with National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines for SLNB in a cohort of patients who had invasive melanoma treated with MMS-IHC.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all patients who had primary, invasive, cutaneous melanomas treated with MMS-IHC at a single academic center between March 2006 and April 2018.

A Systematic Review of Primary, Adjuvant, and Salvage Radiation Therapy for Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: The gold standard of treatment for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is surgery radiation therapy (RT) is used selectively as definitive treatment for low-risk tumors or as adjuvant/salvage treatment for high-risk tumors. There is a lack of standardized studies evaluating the efficacy of RT in either clinical scenario.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of primary and adjuvant/salvage RT for the treatment of cSCC.

Mohs micrographic surgery for male genital tumors: Local recurrence rates and patient-reported outcomes.

Background: Local recurrence rates (LRRs) after Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) for male genital cancers have been reported in only a few small case series, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) have not been studied.

Objective: To determine the LRR and PROs after MMS for male genital skin cancers.

Methods: Retrospective review of all male genital skin cancers removed with MMS between 2008 and 2019 at an academic center.

Navigating Barriers to Patient Access and Reimbursement in Mohs Micrographic Surgery.

Background: Insurance companies have implemented new policies including excessive prior authorization (PA) requirements, high-deductible plans, and complicated billing structures in an effort to curb rising health care costs. Studies investigating the real-time impact on providers and patients are emerging, but few within the field of dermatology have been published.

Objective: To assess the impact of cost-cutting policies on patients and physicians.

Nanoparticle-Encapsulated Doxorubicin Demonstrates Superior Tumor Cell Kill in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Subtypes Intrinsically Resistant to Doxorubicin.

The effect of size and release kinetics of doxorubicin-nanoparticles on anti-tumor efficacy was evaluated in a panel of human cancer cell lines, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells that frequently demonstrate resistance to doxorubicin. Different nano-formulations of sol-gel-based Doxorubicin containing nanoparticles were synthesized. Increased cell kill in chemoreffactory triple-negative breast cancer cells was associated with the smallest size of nanoparticles and the slowest release of Dox.

Cryptococcus-like changes in the setting of vasculitis.

Cutaneous vasculitis has many underlying causes, and the clinical and histological findings often overlap. Inflammatory vasculitis can mimic infection; however, distinction is critical for the timely institution of appropriate therapy. We present two patients who had generalized polymorphous eruptions whose cutaneous pathology showed vasculitis with unusual haloed yeast-like cells within the inflammatory infiltrate, mimicking Cryptococcus.

Procedural management of rhinophyma: A comprehensive review.

Background: Rhinophyma is a cosmetically deforming disease characterized by nodular overgrowth of the lower 2/3 of the nose and is considered the end stage of acne rosacea.

Aims: Review the spectrum of procedural techniques for treatment of rhinophyma with a focus on the advantages and disadvantages of each modality.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the search terms "rhinophyma," "treatment," and "surgery" in PubMed.

Epidemiology and treatment of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE): A systematic review.

Background: Current knowledge of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) derives from retrospective reports and case series, leading to a nonevidence-based treatment approach.

Objective: We sought to systematically review the literature relating to cutaneous ALHE to estimate its epidemiology and treatment outcomes.

Methods: A literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar was conducted.

Nitric oxide as a surgical adjuvant.

Advances in surgical technology have allowed for previously unconsidered therapeutic interventions. However, the complexity and invasiveness of surgical procedures are not without adverse consequences. Nitric oxide's fundamental role in a host of physiological processes, including angiogenesis, wound and bone healing, thromboresistance, smooth muscle relaxation and inflammation makes it a significant player in accelerating wound healing and mitigating the inflammation of ischemia reperfusion injury common to surgical procedures.

Nitric Oxide-Releasing Nanoparticles Prevent Propionibacterium acnes-Induced Inflammation by Both Clearing the Organism and Inhibiting Microbial Stimulation of the Innate Immune Response.

Propionibacterium acnes induction of IL-1 cytokines through the NLRP3 (NLR, nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor) inflammasome was recently highlighted as a dominant etiological factor for acne vulgaris. Therefore, therapeutics targeting both the stimulus and the cascade would be ideal. Nitric oxide (NO), a potent biological messenger, has documented broad-spectrum antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties.

Trichophyton rubrum is inhibited by free and nanoparticle encapsulated curcumin by induction of nitrosative stress after photodynamic activation.

Antimicrobial photodynamic inhibition (aPI) utilizes radical stress generated from the excitation of a photosensitizer (PS) with light to destroy pathogens. Its use against Trichophyton rubrum, a dermatophytic fungus with increasing incidence and resistance, has not been well characterized. Our aim was to evaluate the mechanism of action of aPI against T.

Biafine topical emulsion accelerates excisional and burn wound healing in mice.

Macrophages play a fundamental role in wound healing; therefore, employing a strategy that enhances macrophage recruitment would be ideal. It was previously suggested that the mechanism by which Biafine topical emulsion improves wound healing is via enhanced macrophage infiltration into the wound bed. The purpose of this study was to confirm this observation through gross and histologic assessments of wound healing using murine full-thickness excisional and burn wound models, and compare to common standards, Vaseline and silver sulfadiazine (SSD).

Fidgetin-Like 2: A Microtubule-Based Regulator of Wound Healing.

Wound healing is a complex process driven largely by the migration of a variety of distinct cell types from the wound margin into the wound zone. In this study, we identify the previously uncharacterized microtubule-severing enzyme, Fidgetin-like 2 (FL2), as a fundamental regulator of cell migration that can be targeted in vivo using nanoparticle-encapsulated small interfering RNA (siRNA) to promote wound closure and regeneration. In vitro, depletion of FL2 from mammalian tissue culture cells results in a more than twofold increase in the rate of cell movement, in part due to a significant increase in directional motility.

S-nitrosocaptopril nanoparticles as nitric oxide-liberating and transnitrosylating anti-infective technology.

Unlabelled: Nitric oxide (NO), an essential agent of the innate immune system, exhibits multi-mechanistic antimicrobial activity. Previously, NO-releasing nanoparticles (NO-np) demonstrated increased antimicrobial activity when combined with glutathione (GSH) due to formation of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a transnitrosylating agent. To capitalize on this finding, we incorporated the thiol-containing ACE-inhibitor, captopril, with NO-np to form SNO-CAP-np, nanoparticles that both release NO and form S-nitrosocaptopril.

Curcumin-encapsulated nanoparticles as innovative antimicrobial and wound healing agent.

Burn wounds are often complicated by bacterial infection, contributing to morbidity and mortality. Agents commonly used to treat burn wound infection are limited by toxicity, incomplete microbial coverage, inadequate penetration, and rising resistance. Curcumin is a naturally derived substance with innate antimicrobial and wound healing properties.

The basic science of natural ingredients.

Herbal products have steadily gained popularity as alternatives to conventional, synthetic medications and are sought after by patients for the treatment of chronic dermatologic diseases and for cosmeceutical use. The production and distribution of botanical extracts is largely unregulated and therefore extensive research into their mechanism of action, safety, physiologic stability, and optimal dosing has been overlooked. One of the major pathways through which natural supplements, particularly polyphenols, act is via inhibition of oxidative stress and its downstream mediators.