Unraveling Impact of Hemoglobin F and A2 Levels: Correlation With Disease Severity and Treatment Response in Transfusion-Dependent Beta-Thalassemia.

Background: Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) has been reported to be associated with disease severity and treatment response to HbF-inducing therapies like Hydroxyurea and thalidomide in patients suffering from transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia (TDT). However, the role of hemoglobin A2 (HbA2) remains less clear in TDT, therefore this study aims to determine the impact of both HbF and HbA2 levels on disease severity and treatment response.

Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted at the Peshawar Institute of Medical Sciences and Fatimid Foundation Peshawar from May 2023 to October 2023.