Quantitative site-specific N-glycosylation analysis reveals IgG glyco-signatures for pancreatic cancer diagnosis.

Background: Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis due to a low early detection rate and a lack of biomarkers. Most of pancreatic cancer is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Alterations in the N-glycosylation of plasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) have been shown to be closely associated with the onset and development of several cancers and could be used as biomarkers for diagnosis.

Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of two sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum Linn.) varieties differing in their lodging tolerance.

Background: Lodging seriously affects sugarcane stem growth and sugar accumulation, reduces sugarcane yield and sucrose content, and impedes mechanization. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying sugarcane lodging tolerance remain unclear. In this study, comprehensive transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were performed to explore the differential genetic regulatory mechanisms between upright (GT42) and lodged (GF98-296) sugarcane varieties.

MuTrans: Multiple Transformers for Fusing Feature Pyramid on 2D and 3D Object Detection.

One of the major components of the neural network, the feature pyramid plays a vital part in perception tasks, like object detection in autonomous driving. But it is a challenge to fuse multi-level and multi-sensor feature pyramids for object detection. This paper proposes a simple yet effective framework named MuTrans (Mu ltiple Trans formers) to fuse feature pyramid in single-stream 2D detector or two-stream 3D detector.

Integrated fragmentomic profile and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine of capture-based low-pass sequencing data enables pan-cancer detection via cfDNA.

Background: Using epigenetic markers and fragmentomics of cell-free DNA for cancer detection has been proven applicable.

Methods: We further investigated the diagnostic potential of combining two features (epigenetic markers and fragmentomic information) of cell-free DNA for detecting various types of cancers. To do this, we extracted cfDNA fragmentomic features from 191 whole-genome sequencing data and studied them in 396 low-pass 5hmC sequencing data, which included four common cancer types and control samples.

SurgSmart: an artificial intelligent system for quality control in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: an observational study.

Background: The rate of bile duct injury in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) continues to be high due to low critical view of safety (CVS) achievement and the absence of an effective quality control system. The development of an intelligent system enables the automatic quality control of LC surgery and, eventually, the mitigation of bile duct injury. This study aims to develop an intelligent surgical quality control system for LC and using the system to evaluate LC videos and investigate factors associated with CVS achievement.

Oral mycobiota and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is essential for survival. Preliminary research demonstrated significant associations between structural alternation of mycobiota and PDAC. In this study, we investigated the associations between oral mycobiota and PDAC.

Critical view of safety in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A prospective investigation from both cognitive and executive aspects.

Background: The achievement rate of the critical view of safety during laparoscopic cholecystectomy is much lower than expected. This original study aims to investigate and analyze factors associated with a low critical view of safety achievement.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively collected laparoscopic cholecystectomy videos performed from September 2, 2021, to September 19, 2021, in Sichuan Province, China.

SPD: Semi-Supervised Learning and Progressive Distillation for 3-D Detection.

Current learning-based 3-D object detection accuracy is heavily impacted by the annotation quality. It is still a challenge to expect an overall high detection accuracy for all classes under different scenarios given the dataset sparsity. To mitigate this challenge, this article proposes a novel method called semi-supervised learning and progressive distillation (SPD), which uses semi-supervised learning (SSL) and knowledge distillation to improve label efficiency.

A size-shrinkable matrix metallopeptidase-2-sensitive delivery nanosystem improves the penetration of human programmed death-ligand 1 siRNA into lung-tumor spheroids.

Given the maturation of small-interfering RNA (siRNA) techniques with nanotechnology, and because overexpression of human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is crucial for T cell inactivation and immunosuppression of the tumor microenvironment, application of siRNA-PD-L1 has demonstrated positive progress in preclinical studies; however, the limited penetration of this compound into solid tumors remains a challenge. To decrease PD-L1 expression and increase the penetration efficacy of solid tumors, we synthesized a novel tumor-microenvironment-sensitive delivery polymer by conjugating hyaluronic acid (HA) to polyethyleneimine (PEI), with a matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)-sensitive peptide acting as the linker (HA-P-PEI), for use in delivery of PD-L1-siRNA. Concurrent synthesis of a linker-less HA-PEI compound allowed confirmation that negatively charged siRNA can be complexed onto the positively charged HA-PEI and HA-P-PEI compounds to form nanoparticles with the same particle size and uniform distribution with serum stability.

Blumgart anastomosis reduces the incidence of pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the most serious complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Recently, Blumgart anastomosis (BA) has been found to have some advantages in terms of decreasing POPF compared with other pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) using either the duct-to-mucosa or invagination approach. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the safety and effectiveness of BA versus non-Blumgart anastomosis after PD.

Primary hepatic myelolipoma: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Primary hepatic myelolipoma is a rare hepatic mesenchymal tumor mixed by adipose tissue and bone marrow, and there is a lack of general guidelines related to its epidemiology and clinical management.

Case Summary: A 26-year-old woman was admitted to our department complaining of a newly found tumor on her left lobe of the liver. The tumor was painless and not associated with any systemic or localized compressive symptoms.

Integrated epigenetic biomarkers in circulating cell-free DNA as a robust classifier for pancreatic cancer.

Background: The high lethal rate of pancreatic cancer is partly due to a lack of efficient biomarkers for screening and early diagnosis. We attempted to develop effective and noninvasive methods using 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) markers from circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) for the detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Results: A 24-feature 5mC model that can accurately discriminate PDAC from healthy controls (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.

Comparison of subtotal vertebral resection with reconstruction and percutaneous vertebroplasty for treatment of metastasis in the lumbar spine.

Tumor metastasis in the spine can cause pain and fractures, leading to deformities, and deficits in movement, sensation, and bowel/bladder function. Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and subtotal vertebral resection with reconstruction (SVR) are suitable treatments, but their relative clinical efficacy is uncertain. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to compare the management and clinical effect of SVR for lumbar metastatic tumor with PVP.

-Like Morphology of Intercalated Discs Achieved in a Neonatal Cardiomyocyte Culture Model.

cultures to be used in various analytical investigations of cardiomyocyte (CM) growth and function for enhancing insight into physiological and pathological mechanisms should closely express morphology. The aim of the studies is to explore how to use microfabrication and physical-cue-addition techniques to establish a neonatal rat CM culture model that expresses an end-to-end connected rod shape with -like intercalated discs (ICDs). Freshly isolated neonatal rat CMs were cultured on microgrooved polydimethylsiloxane substrate.

Differential Binding of Active and Inactive Integrin to Talin.

Bi-directional signaling of integrins plays an important role in platelet and leukocyte function. Talin plays a key role in integrin bi-directional signaling and its binding to integrin is highly regulated. The precise regulation of the recruitment and binding of talin to integrin is still being elucidated.

MicroRNA-410-3p attenuates gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by inhibiting HMGB1-mediated autophagy.

Gemcitabine-based chemotherapy is the most common treatment option for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, it offers little therapeutic value in many cases due to the rapid development of chemoresistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to play pivotal roles in the chemotherapeutic resistance of PDAC.

Deregulated expression of miR-107 inhibits metastasis of PDAC through inhibition PI3K/Akt signaling via caveolin-1 and PTEN.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) displays a highly aggressive malignancy and is considered to be an incurable and rapidly lethal disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs of approximately nucleotides that regulate several aspects of tumors pathogenesis, including migration, invasion, metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. We have found that miR-107 was significantly high expression in PDAC tissues and cells.

A case-matched comparison study of total pancreatectomy versus pancreaticoduodenectomy for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Total pancreatectomy (TP) is considered a viable option in some selected patients with pancreatic ductaladenocarcinoma (PDAC). The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes between TP and pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) in patients with PDAC.

Materials And Methods: A total of 375 patients were selected from our center's database in China and classified into two groups: the PD group (n = 325) and the TP group (n = 50).

[Expression of TWEAK/Fn14 in Pancreatic Cancer].

Objectives: To investigate the effect of tumor necrosis factor -related weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK)/fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) on the proliferation and growth of pancreatic cancer.

Methods: Human pancreatic cancer (50 cases), chronic pancreatitis (40 cases) and normal pancreatic tissues (30 cases) were collected in West China Hospital from January 2012 to December 2013. TWEAK and Fn14 expressions in these tissues were checked with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry method.

Role of the Helix in Talin F3 Domain (F3 Helix) in Talin-Mediated Integrin Activation.

Increases in ligand binding to cellular integrins (activation) play an important role in platelet and leukocyte function. Talin is necessary in vivo and sufficient in vitro for integrin αIIbβ3 activation. The precise mechanisms by which talin activates integrin are still being elucidated.

[Pyrroloquinoline quinone inhibited oxidative stress induced-apoptosis of Schwann cells via mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway in vitro].

Objective: To investigate the mechanisms of Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) against oxidative stress induced apoptosis in Schwann cells (SCs).

Methods: SCs were cultured in vitro, identified by S-100 immunofluorence staining. SCs were divided into control group,H2O2 induced group,H2O2 + PQQ treated group.

Protection of carboxymethylated chitosan on chondrocytes from nitric oxide-induced apoptosis by regulating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway.

Chondrocyte apoptosis is the most important element of development and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Nitric oxide (NO) was used as the agent to induce chondrocyte apoptosis. Carboxymethylated chitosan (CMCS) has anti-apoptosis effect on many cell types in vitro.