Antifreezing Ultrathin Bioionic Gel-Based Wearable System for Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Arrhythmia Diagnosis in Hypothermia.

Cardiovascular disease (CAD) is a major global public health issue, with mortality rates being significantly impacted by cold temperatures. Stable and reliable electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring in cold environments is crucial for early detection and treatment of CAD. However, existing skin sensor struggle to balance freeze resistance, breathability, flexibility, conductivity and adhesion at cold temperatures.

Robust, stretchable bioelectronic interfaces for cardiac pacing enabled by interfacial transfer of laser-induced graphene via water-response, nonswellable PVA gels.

Implantable cardiac pacemakers are crucial therapeutic tools for managing various cardiac conditions. For effective pacing, electrodes should exhibit flexibility, deformability, biocompatibility, and high conductivity/capacitance. Laser-induced graphene (LIG) shows promise due to its exceptional electrical and electrochemical properties.