Effects of ascorbic acid treatment on starch metabolism during wound healing in fresh-cut potatoes.

Starch degradation and wound healing occur in potato tubers following fresh-cut processing, and ascorbic acid (AA) treatment can suppress these processes, though the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of 5 g L AA treatment on the multiscale structural changes and metabolic responses of starch during wound healing in fresh-cut potatoes. The results revealed that AA treatment delayed starch degradation and reducing sugar accumulation while promoting sucrose and fructose accumulation.

Assessment of the effect of ascorbic acid, sodium isoascorbate and calcium ascorbate treatments on the browning and wound healing process of fresh-cut potatoes.

Browning significantly affects consumer perception, while texture hardening due to wound healing further reduces the commercial value of fresh-cut potatoes. This study evaluated the effects of 5 g L ascorbic acid (AA), sodium isoascorbate (SI), and calcium ascorbate (CA) on browning and wound healing during ambient storage. The results indicated that AA and SI were more effective than CA and the control in delaying browning and wound healing.

Metabolomic insights into the browning inhibition of fresh-cut apple by hydrogen sulfide.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is known to effectively inhibit the browning of fresh-cut apples, but the mechanism at a metabolic level remains unclear. Herein, non-targeted metabolomics was used to analyze metabolic changes in surface and internal tissues of fresh-cut apple after HS treatment. The results showed that prenol lipids were the most up-accumulated differential metabolites in both surface and inner tissue of fresh-cut apple during browning process, which significantly down-accumulated by HS treatment.

Bamboo leaf extract treatment alleviates the surface browning of fresh-cut apple by regulating membrane lipid metabolism and antioxidant properties.

Background: The effect of bamboo leaf extract (BLE) on controlling the browning of fresh-cut apple stored at 4 °C was investigated. Browning index, H O content, O production rate, malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, total phenolic content (TPC) and soluble quinone content (SQC), the activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), lipoxygenase (LOX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) and ABTS [2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid)] radical scavenging activities, and the expression of genes related to browning were all investigated.

Results: BLE effectively alleviated the surface browning of fresh-cut apple, accompanied by a reduction in SQC, LOX activity, H O , O production rate and MDA accumulation.

Water-soluble fluorine-functionalized chitooligosaccharide derivatives: Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity.

In this work, a series of water-soluble fluorine-functionalized chitooligosaccharide derivatives were synthesized by conjugating nicotinic acid to chitooligosaccharide via nicotinylation reaction, followed by nucleophilic reaction with ethyl bromide, benzyl bromide and fluorobenzyl bromides. Synthesized derivatives were identified structurally by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. In addition, the antibacterial activities of chitooligosaccharide derivatives against several disease-causing bacteria were assessed by the broth dilution method and Kirby-Bauer method, the mycelium growth rate method was used to assessing the antifungal properties of samples against three plant-threatening fungi.

Enhanced biological activities of coumarin-functionalized polysaccharide derivatives: Chemical modification and activity assessment.

Natural polysaccharides are abundant and renewable resource, but their applications are hampered by limited biological activity. Chemical modification can overcome these drawbacks by altering their structure. Three series of polysaccharide derivatives with coumarins were synthesized to obtain polysaccharide derivatives with enhanced biological activity.

Progression of Vascular Calcification and Clinical Outcomes in Patients Receiving Maintenance Dialysis.

Importance: Baseline findings from the China Dialysis Calcification Study (CDCS) revealed a high prevalence of vascular calcification (VC) among patients with end-stage kidney disease; however, data on VC progression were limited.

Objectives: To understand the progression of VC at different anatomical sites, identify risk factors for VC progression, and assess the association of VC progression with the risk of cardiovascular events and death among patients receiving maintenance dialysis.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study was a 4-year follow-up assessment of participants in the CDCS, a nationwide multicenter prospective cohort study involving patients aged 18 to 74 years who were undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.

Shear stress leads to the dysfunction of endothelial cells through the Cav-1-mediated KLF2/eNOS/ERK signaling pathway under physiological conditions.

To investigate the mechanism of shear stress on endothelial cell dysfunction for providing a theoretical basis for the reduction of arteriovenous fistula dysfunction. The parallel plate flow chamber was used to form different forces and shear stress to mimic the hemodynamic changes in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and the expression and distribution of krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2), caveolin-1 (Cav-1), p-extracellular regulated protein kinase (p-ERK), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were detected by immunofluorescence and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. With the prolongation of the shear stress action time, the expression of KLF2 and eNOS increased gradually, while the expression of Cav-1 and p-ERK decreased gradually.

Influences of water level fluctuation on water exchange and nutrient distribution in a bay: Evidence from the Xiangxi Bay, Three Gorges Reservoir.

Following the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) impoundment, many tributaries were turned into bays; hydrodynamic conditions of TGR profoundly changed the residence time, temperature, and nutrient distributions of bays, and nutrient enrichment occurred in these bays. However, little research has been done on the effects of water level qqfluctuations (WLFs) of TGR on the bay. In this study, Xiangxi Bay (XXB), one of the tributaries of TGR, was selected as the delegate to construct and calibrate a two-dimensional hydrodynamic-temperature-tracer-water quality model based on the CE-QUAL-W2.

1-Methylcyclopropene treatment delays the softening of Actinidia arguta fruit by reducing cell wall degradation and modulating carbohydrate metabolism.

The rapid softening of hardy kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta) fruit significantly reduces its marketing potential. Therefore, the effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the softening of A. arguta fruit was investigated.

Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling reveal the mechanism underlying the inhibition of wound healing by ascorbic acid in fresh-cut potato.

Ascorbic acid (AsA) inhibits wound healing in fresh-cut potatoes (FCP); however, the comprehensive regulatory mechanisms of the chemical during wound healing remain unclear. Here, physiobiochemical, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses were performed. In total, 685 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 1921 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified between control and AsA-treated samples.

Cationic Chitooligosaccharide Derivatives Bearing Pyridinium and Trialkyl Ammonium: Preparation, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activities.

In this study, chitooligosaccharide-niacin acid conjugate was designed and synthesized through the reaction of chitooligosaccharide and nicotinic acid with the aid of ,'-carbonyldiimidazole. Its cationic derivatives were prepared by the further nucleophilic substitution reaction between the chitooligosaccharide-niacin acid conjugate and bromopropyl trialkyl ammonium bromide with different alkyl chain lengths. The specific structural characterization of all derivatives was identified using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and the degree of substitution was obtained using the integral area ratio of the hydrogen signals.

Integration of transcriptome, miRNA and degradome sequencing reveals the early browning response in fresh-cut apple.

Surface browning negatively impacts the shelf-life of fresh-cut apple. Herein, we found that the browning of fresh-cut apple aggravated rapidly after 24 h post-cutting, then the transcriptomic and miRNA expression profiles of fresh-cut apple immediately after cutting (T0) and 24 h post-cutting (T24) were analyzed to explore the molecular mechanism of early browning response. A total of 3156 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs) and 23 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were identified in T24 vs T0.

Cognitive Dysfunction and Its Risk Factors in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis.

Objective: Cognitive impairment (CI) in Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) is attracting increasing attention. This study aims to clarify the prevalence and risk factors for cognitive dysfunction in patients on MHD who have no history of stroke.

Methods: A total of 99 patients with no history of stroke undergoing MHD were enrolled.

Pathology of catheter-related complications: what we need to know and what should be discovered.

Despite the considerable efforts made to increase the prevalence of autogenous fistula in patients on hemodialysis, tunneled cuffed catheters are still an important access modality and used in a high percentage of the hemodialysis population. However, because of the conundrum posed by tunneled cuffed catheters, patients can develop a multitude of complications, including thrombosis, infections, formation of a fibrin sheath, and central vein stenosis, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality as well as placing a heavy burden on the healthcare system. However, with an increasing number of studies now focusing on how to manage these catheter-related complications, there has been less translational research on the pathology of these complications.

Randomized Control Study on Hemoperfusion Combined with Hemodialysis versus Standard Hemodialysis: Effects on Middle-Molecular-Weight Toxins and Uremic Pruritus.

Introduction: Classic hemodialysis schedules present inadequate middle-molecular-weight toxin clearance due to limitations of membrane-based separation processes. Accumulation of uremic retention solutes may result in specific symptoms (e.g.

Prognostic Value of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index among Critically Ill Patients with Acute Kidney Injury: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Inflammation plays a significant role in the occurrence and development of acute kidney injury (AKI). Evidence regarding the prognostic effect of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in critically ill patients with AKI is scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the association between SII and all-cause mortality in these patients.

Novel coumarin-functionalized inulin derivatives: Chemical modification and antioxidant activity assessment.

In this paper, a series of target derivatives were synthesized by introducing coumarin into inulin structure using three-step chemical modification, and their structures were characterized by FTIR, H NMR, and C NMR. At the same time, the antioxidant activities of inulin derivatives were determined, including DPPH-radical scavenging activity, superoxide-radical scavenging activity, PTIO-radical scavenging activity and reducing ability. The test results showed that the antioxidant activities of inulin derivatives containing coumarin were significantly increased.