FOXA1 activates NOLC1 transcription through NOTCH pathway to promote cell stemness in lung adenocarcinoma.

Tumor cell stemness plays a pivotal role in generating functional heterogeneity within tumors and is implicated in essential processes such as drug resistance, metastasis, and cell proliferation. Therefore, creating novel tumor diagnostic techniques and therapeutic plans requires a knowledge of the possible processes that preserve the stem cell-like qualities of cancers. Bioinformatics analysis of NOLC1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and prediction of its upstream transcription factors and their binding sites were completed.

Single-cell transcriptomics reveals multiple chemoresistant properties in leukemic stem and progenitor cells in pediatric AML.

Background: Cancer patients can achieve dramatic responses to chemotherapy yet retain resistant tumor cells, which ultimately results in relapse. Although xenograft model studies have identified several cellular and molecular features that are associated with chemoresistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), to what extent AML patients exhibit these properties remains largely unknown.

Results: We apply single-cell RNA sequencing to paired pre- and post-chemotherapy whole bone marrow samples obtained from 13 pediatric AML patients who had achieved disease remission, and distinguish AML clusters from normal cells based on their unique transcriptomic profiles.

Study on the Effect of Three Types of Calcium Sulfate on the Early Hydration and Workability of Self-Compacting Repair Mortar.

Despite having a high early mechanical strength and using sulfoaluminate cement as the primary cementitious material, self-compacting repair mortar (SCRM) suffers from rapid hydration rates leading to construction time constraints. This study examined how several forms of calcium sulfate, including hemihydrate gypsum, anhydrite, and dihydrate gypsum, affected SCRM's workability, hydration process, and microstructure. The outcomes demonstrated that adding hemihydrate gypsum sped up SCRM's early hydration rate and boosted its expansion rate.

Divergence and correlated evolution of male wing spot and courtship display between Drosophila nepalensis and D. trilutea.

Male-specific wing spots are usually associated with wing displays in the courtship behavior of Drosophila and may play important roles in sexual selection. Two closely related species, D. nepalensis and D.

Common Postzygotic Mutational Signatures in Healthy Adult Tissues Related to Embryonic Hypoxia.

Postzygotic mutations are acquired in normal tissues throughout an individual's lifetime and hold clues for identifying mutagenic factors. Here, we investigated postzygotic mutation spectra of healthy individuals using optimized ultra-deep exome sequencing of the time-series samples from the same volunteer as well as the samples from different individuals. In blood, sperm, and muscle cells, we resolved three common types of mutational signatures.

Minimally myelosuppressive regimen for remission induction in pediatric AML: long-term results of an observational study.

Treatment refusal and death as a result of toxicity account for most treatment failures among children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in resource-constrained settings. We recently reported the results of treating children with AML with a combination of low-dose cytarabine and mitoxantrone or omacetaxine mepesuccinate with concurrent granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (low-dose chemotherapy [LDC]) for remission induction followed by standard postremission strategies. We have now expanded the initial cohort and have provided long-term follow-up.

Tumor heterogeneity of acute myeloid leukemia: insights from single-cell sequencing.

Individual tumors comprise genetically and epigenetically heterogeneous subclones, each of which is presumably associated with a distinct function, such as self-renewal or drug sensitivity. The dissection of such intratumoral heterogeneity is crucial to understand how tumors evolve during disease progression and under the selection of therapeutic intervention. As a paradigm of cancer intratumoral heterogeneity and clonal evolution, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been shown to possess complex clonal architecture based on karyotype studies, as well as deep sequencing of mixed cellular populations using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies.

Evolution and diversity of the courtship repertoire in the Drosophila montium species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae).

Changes in elements of courtship behaviour can influence sexual isolation between species. Large-scale analyses of changes, including loss and gain of courtship elements, across a relatively complete phylogenetic group are rare but needed to understand the significance of such changes, for example whether the gain and loss of courtship elements are essentially arbitrary or equally reversible. In most species of Drosophila, courtship, including singing, mainly occurs before mounting as premounting courtship.

Radiomics model of contrast-enhanced MRI for early prediction of acute pancreatitis severity.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) or MR images may cause the severity of early acute pancreatitis (AP) to be underestimated. As an innovative image analysis method, radiomics may have potential clinical value in early prediction of AP severity.

Purpose: To develop a contrast-enhanced (CE) MRI-based radiomics model for the early prediction of AP severity.

Ecological principle meets cancer treatment: treating children with acute myeloid leukemia with low-dose chemotherapy.

Standard chemotherapy regimens for remission induction of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We performed a cohort study to determine the impact of reducing the intensity of remission induction chemotherapy on the outcomes of selected children with AML treated with a low-dose induction regimen plus granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) (low-dose chemotherapy (LDC)/G-CSF). Complete response (CR) after two induction courses was attained in 87.

Whole exome sequencing identifies novel mutations of epigenetic regulators in chemorefractory pediatric acute myeloid leukemia.

Genomic alterations underlying chemotherapy resistance remains poorly characterized in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, we used whole exome sequencing to identify gene mutations associated with chemo-resistance in 44 pediatric AML patients. We identified previously unreported mutations involving epigenetic regulators such as KDM5C, SRIT6, CHD4, and PRPF6 in pediatric AML patients.

Identification of functional cooperative mutations of SETD2 in human acute leukemia.

Acute leukemia characterized by chromosomal rearrangements requires additional molecular disruptions to develop into full-blown malignancy, yet the cooperative mechanisms remain elusive. Using whole-genome sequencing of a pair of monozygotic twins discordant for MLL (also called KMT2A) gene-rearranged leukemia, we identified a transforming MLL-NRIP3 fusion gene and biallelic mutations in SETD2 (encoding a histone H3K36 methyltransferase). Moreover, loss-of-function point mutations in SETD2 were recurrent (6.

Downregulation of RUNX1/CBFβ by MLL fusion proteins enhances hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal.

RUNX1/CBFβ (core binding factor [CBF]) is a heterodimeric transcription factor complex that is frequently involved in chromosomal translocations, point mutations, or deletions in acute leukemia. The mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene is also frequently involved in chromosomal translocations or partial tandem duplication in acute leukemia. The MLL protein interacts with RUNX1 and prevents RUNX1 from ubiquitin-mediated degradation.

Disordered epigenetic regulation in MLL-related leukemia.

Leukemias bearing rearrangements of chromosome 11q23 are of particular interest due to their unique clinical and biological characteristics. 11q23 abnormalities occur in up to 70 % of infant leukemias, and about 10 % of adult acute myelogenous leukemias (AML). Two major rearrangements of the MLL gene are found in MLL-related leukemia.