[Evaluation of the placental morphofunctional state in perinatal HIV transmission].

The paper presents the results of investigating the mechanisms of placental insufficiency and transplacental infection of infants born to HIV-infected mothers who have received specific antiretroviral therapy mothers and who have not.

[Cells of immune system of mother and trophoblast cells: constructive cooperation for the sake of achievement of the joint purpose].

In the present review modern data about change of morfo-functional properties of a trophoblast during pregnancy, and also about influence of the cytokines produced by cells of a microenvironment, including leucocytes of mother, on a functional state of trophoblast is cited. Features of interaction between trophoblast and immune cells of mother are described within physiological pregnancy and within pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia.

[Morphological features of placenta and expression of collagen-6, MMP-1 and TIMP-1 in placental membranes of women with premature rupture of membranes].

Morphological and immunohistochemical investigation of the women's afterbirth with premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and well-time ruptures of placental membranes has been carried out. Inflammatory infiltration of membranes and placental deficiency were higher at patients with PROM. The absence of inflammatory changes in placental tissue during growth of anhydrous gap was demonstrated.

[Neuroimmunoendocrine mechanisms of regulation of reproductive function].

Modern molecular biological studies have significantly improved understanding of structural and functional organization of the female reproductive system. The paper gives a brief overview of the literature and own research on verification and expression in the endometrium and placenta of many peptides, biogenic amines, steroids, cytokines and other signalling molecules, which, acting as hormones, enzymes, inhibitors, receptors, growth factors, immunoregulatory agents, transport's and binding proteins, provide the local regulation of intercellular neuroimmunoendocrine relationships that play a key role in the mechanisms of human embryogenesis and reproduction.

[Detection of endothelial NO synthase in the placenta and nitric oxide in the serum of pregnant women in the complex evaluation of the efficiency of treatment for gestosis].

The content of nitric oxide (NO) in the blood and that of endothelial NO synthase in different placental structures were studied in 107 women with impaired fetoplacental blood flow. The change in the concentration of these substances was established to reflect the efficiency of using this or that treatment mode of gestosis.

[Placental changes in type 1 diabetes mellitus].

Pathological immune complexes (PIC) are revealed in high percent (100%) of cases by placental immunomorphological studies in insulin-dependent tissue. This leads to the development of an immunopathological process in the placental tissue. Parallel electron microscopy shows that some placental vessels are in close contact with the basal membrane of syncytiotrophoblast.

[Algorithm of examination and treatment of women with mixed urine incontinence].

The examination including filling cystometry, urethral profilometry, uroflowmetry, perineal ultrasonography was made in 62 females aged from 29 to 66 years with a clinical diagnosis of mixed urine incontinence (MUI). Irrespective of the verified diagnosis, the treatment started with conservative methods. Surgical intervention was performed if moderate and severe MUI persisted after conservative therapy.

[Analysis of the polymorphic alleles of genes encoding phase 1 and phase 2 detoxication enzymes in patients with endometriosis].

Polymorphysms of the three genes encoding phase 1 (CYP1A1, mEPH1, and CYP2E2) and the three genes encoding phase 2 (NAT2, GSTM1, and GSTT1) xenobiotic detoxication enzymes were typed by use of PCR in 74 patients with extragenital endometriosis. Distribution of the CYP1A1, mEPHX1, CYP2E1, NAT2, and GSTM1 polymorphic alleles in the patient group corresponded to that in the control group. At the same time, functionally defective genotypes GSTM1 0/0, NAT2 S/S; GSTM1 0/0, GSTT1 0/0; and GSTT1 0/0, NAT2 S/S were three, four and eight times more frequent among the patients than in healthy individuals.

[Diagnosis of short-term subclinical shifts in the level of humoral parameters].

Algorithm of evaluating the blood humoral parameters has been theoretically and experimentally validated and clinically tried with due consideration for the circaseptan fluctuations in their levels. Probability of deviations from the normal range of values depends on the number of measurements making use of the suggested algorithm.

Circulating bufodienolide and cardenolide sodium pump inhibitors in preeclampsia.

Objective: To determine plasma levels of the endogenous bufodienolide Na+/K+ ATPase inhibitor, marinobufagenin-like factor (MBG), in normotensive pregnancy and in preeclampsia, to compare changes of MBG with that of ouabain-like compound (OLC), and to characterize the purified MBG immunoreactive factor from preeclamptic plasma.

Design And Methods: Consecutive sample study. The levels of MBG and OLC compounds were measured in extracted plasma by solid phase fluoroimmunoassays.

[Cordocentesis in antenatal diagnosis, therapy and surgery for fetal diseases].

Introduction of cordocentesis into clinical practice has made progress in antenatal diagnosis and treatment of congenital (hereditary and acquired) fetal diseases. Cytogenetic, molecular biological, biochemical, and immunological studies of fetal blood have substantial advantages for prenatal diagnosis. Direct administration of blood components and drugs into fetal blood circulation is the treatment of choice in some fetal diseases, severe types of hemolytic disease.

[Comparison of the tocolytic and hemodynamic effects of calcium channel blockers in pregnant rats].

It was demonstrated in experiments on pregnant rats that toxolytic doses of the calcium channel blockers nifedipine, cardiazem (diltiazem) and verapamyl reduce blood pressure, heart rate, and doppler ultrasound velocity in the uterine artery. Toxolytic doses of sensit (fendilin) do not change hemodynamics in pregnant rats.

[Electron microscopic and immunomorphologic study of the placenta in genital mycoplasmosis].

Peculiar ultrastructural features allowed the authors to reveal M. Homminis corpuscles in placental tissues of women with genital mycoplasmosis. Mycoplasma was found in the amniotic epithelium, chorionic plate, in the lumen of villous capillaries, this showing possible hematogenic way of the infection from mother to fetus.

[Disruption of central regulation of reproductive function under the effect of unfavorable environmental factors].

Rat experiments have established that early unfavourable environmental influences cause a non-specific response of the central link of reproductive function regulation as manifested by the impaired circadian rhythm of gonado releasing hormone through the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis. It is suggested that this is induced by changes in prolactin production. Under unfavourable environmental influences there were insidious changes in the neuroendocrine regulation of reproductive function, which emerge with the involvement of additional damaging factors or functional tests.

[Clinico-neurological and encephalographic aspects of toxicosis in late pregnancy].

Clinico-neurologic and electroencephalographic (EEG) examinations of 149 women suffering from late gestosis, carried out during pregnancy and after labor, have revealed various neurologic syndromes (vegetovascular dystonia, narcoleptic and neuroendocrine syndromes, pyramidal insufficiency syndrome) in all of them; these syndromes correlated with the severity of late gestosis and EEG changes. The detected changes indicated the presence of the hypothalamic syndrome in women suffering from late gestosis, this syndrome being more marked in grave forms of gestosis. The detected neurologic symptoms and EEG changes persisted long after delivery (up to 7 years).

[Antioxidants in the combined therapy of late pregnancy toxicoses and chronic fetus hypoxia].

The paper discusses the principles of therapy to prevent and correct chronic fetal hypoxia in late gestosis and provides evidence for the rationale of antioxidant therapy. Primary emphasis is laid on the results of the multimodality therapy for late gestosis and associated chronic fetal hypoxia, which was supplemented with essentiale. A follow-up of 549 pregnant females with Grades I, II, and III nephropathy, 153 of whom were receiving essentiale, as well as fetuses and neonates suggests that it is justifiable to apply antioxidative agents to the treatment of late gestosis and associated fetal hypoxia.