Gastrotomy approach for removal of an oesophageal foreign body in a dog.

A 9-year-old castrated male Kaninchen dachshund dog weighing 4.18 kg was referred to our institution and presented with occasional vomiting and dysphagia. The radiographic examination revealed a long radiopaque foreign body located throughout the thoracic oesophagus.

Efficacy of the Antimalarial MMV390048 against Infection Reveals Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase as a Druggable Target for Babesiosis.

The present study aimed to evaluate the anti- effect of MMV390048, a drug that inhibits by targeting the phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI4K). The half inhibitory concentration (IC) of MMV390048 against the growth of was 6.9 ± 0.

Protozoan and Rickettsial Pathogens in Ticks Collected from Infested Cattle from Turkey.

Diseases caused by tick-transmitted pathogens including bacteria, viruses, and protozoa are of veterinary and medical importance, especially in tropical and subtropical regions including Turkey. Hence, molecular surveillance of tick-borne diseases will improve the understanding of their distribution towards effective control. This study aimed to investigate the presence and perform molecular characterization of Babesia sp.

Inhibitory effect of naphthoquine phosphate on Babesia gibsoni in vitro and Babesia rodhaini in vivo.

Background: Drug resistance and toxic side effects are major challenges in the treatment of babesiosis. As such, new drugs are needed to combat the emergence of drug resistance in Babesia parasites and to develop alternative treatment strategies. A combination of naphthoquine (NQ) and artemisinin is an antimalarial therapy in pharmaceutical markets.

Three cases of canine babesiosis caused by Babesia odocoilei-like parasites in Japan.

Babesia odocoilei-like parasites were first reported in 2003, and their virulence and hosts remain unknown. We report three cases of dogs with canine babesiosis in Iwate Prefecture. Since Iwate Prefecture area is an area of Japan where canine babesiosis is not endemic, we suspected that these cases of canine babesiosis were caused by B.

Tafenoquine Is a Promising Drug Candidate for the Treatment of Babesiosis.

Due to drug resistance, commonly used anti- drugs have limited efficacy against babesiosis and inflict severe side effects. Tafenoquine (TAF) was approved by the U.S.

The pain-relieving effects of lactoferrin on oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain.

Oxaliplatin (OXL) therapy often causes side effects including chronic peripheral neuropathy. We investigated the pain-relieving effects of recombinant human lactoferrin (rhLf) as well as a long-acting IgG-Fc fused rhLf (rhLf-Fc) on OXL-induced neuropathic pain. We used the hLf in this study, because the homology between mouse Lf and hLf is higher than that of bovine Lf.

Further epidemiological survey for atovaquone resistant related gene of Babesia gibsoni in Japan during 2015-2018.

A single-nucleotide polymorphism causing the replacement of methionine with isoleucine (M121I) in cytochrome b of Babesia gibsoni has been reported to reduce the susceptibility to atovaquone (ATV) in B. gibsoni infection. In our previous study, B.

Retrospective study on intercurrent pancreatitis with Babesia gibsoni infection in dogs.

Babesia rossi infection has been reported to be associated with the high prevalence of pancreatitis in dogs. In this study, we retrospectively investigated whether pancreatitis occurs in B. gibsoni-infected dogs.

Epidemiological evaluation of cats associated with feline polycystic kidney disease caused by the feline PKD1 genetic mutation in Japan.

Feline polycystic kidney disease (PKD), an inherited autosomal dominant disease, has been reported to occur mostly in Persian or Persian related cats, and to be associated with a mutation from C to A at position 10063 in exon 29 of the feline PKD1 gene (PKD1 mutation). Many clinical cases have been recognized in Japan, but the mutation rate in cats has not been reported. The objective of this study was to determine epidemiological characteristics and clinical features in cats with the PKD1 mutation.

Suspected eccrine adenocarcinoma on footpad of the right hindlimb in a dog.

A 12-year-old, male miniature dachshund has an ulcer on the footpad of the right hind limb. Despite treatment for longer than 6 months, the ulcer did not heal. Biopsy of the lesion was done to make a definitive diagnosis.

Intracellular diminazene aceturate content and adenosine incorporation in diminazene aceturate-resistant Babesia gibsoni isolate in vitro.

The mechanism of the development of diminazene aceturate (DA) resistance in Babesia gibsoni is still unknown even though DA-resistant B. gibsoni isolate was previously developed in vitro. To clarify the mechanisms of DA-resistance in B.

Gene and protein expression of a soluble form of CTLA-4 in a healthy dog.

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated gene-4 (CTLA-4) is a costimulatory molecule, expressed on the surface of activated T cells that negatively regulates T cell activation. In humans, alternative splicing of the CTLA-4 gene generates two major isoforms of mRNA, and a soluble form of CTLA-4 (sCTLA-4) was detected in normal human serum. We describe alternatively spliced mRNA expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from a healthy dog lacking the transmembrane domain coded by exon 3 of the CTLA-4 gene.

Molecular detection and genetic diversity of bovine Babesia spp., Theileria orientalis, and Anaplasma marginale in beef cattle in Thailand.

Babesia spp., Theileria orientalis, and Anaplasma marginale are significant tick-borne pathogens that affect the health and productivity of cattle in tropical and subtropical areas. In this study, we used PCR to detect the presence of Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, and T.

Molecular detection and genetic characterization of Babesia, Theileria and Anaplasma amongst apparently healthy sheep and goats in the central region of Turkey.

Babesia spp., Theileria spp. and Anaplasma spp.

Molecular identification and antigenic characterization of a merozoite surface antigen and a secreted antigen of Babesia canis (BcMSA1 and BcSA1).

Background: Babesia canis is an apicomplexan tick-transmitted hemoprotozoan responsible for causing canine babesiosis in Europe and west Asia. Despite its importance, there is no known rapid diagnostic kit detection of B. canis infection in dogs.

Genetic variations of four immunodominant antigens of Babesia gibsoni isolated from dogs in southwest Japan.

Babesia gibsoni is a tick-borne apicomplexan parasite of dogs that often causes fever and hemolytic anemia. Previous reports have shown that the apical membrane antigen 1 (BgAMA1), the 50 kDa surface antigen (BgP50), the secreted antigen 1 (BgSA1), and the thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (BgTRAP) are promising diagnostic antigens and vaccine candidates against B. gibsoni.

The epidemiological survey for atovaquone resistant related gene of Babesia gibsoni in Japan.

In 73 gDNA samples from Babesia gibsoni-infected dogs, the M121I variant population was measured by using allele-specific real-time PCR. Although the mechanism of atovaquone against B. gibsoni has not been clearly identified, it is reported that the mitochondria cytochrome b gene of the atovaquone-resistant B.

Molecular detection and genetic identification of Babesia bigemina, Theileria annulata, Theileria orientalis and Anaplasma marginale in Turkey.

Babesia spp., Theileria spp. and Anaplasma spp.

Molecular epidemiology of bovine Babesia spp. and Theileria orientalis parasites in beef cattle from northern and northeastern Thailand.

Beef cattle production represents the largest cattle population in Thailand. Their productivity is constrained by tick-borne diseases such as babesiosis and theileriosis. In this study, we determined the prevalence of Babesia bigemina, Babesia bovis and Theileria orientalis using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Molecular detection and characterization of Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, Theileria species and Anaplasma marginale isolated from cattle in Kenya.

Background: Infections with Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, Theileria species and Anaplasma marginale are endemic in Kenya yet there is a lack of adequate information on their genotypes. This study established the genetic diversities of the above tick-borne hemoparasites infecting cattle in Kenya.

Methods: Nested PCR and sequencing were used to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of the above parasites in 192 cattle blood samples collected from Ngong and Machakos farms.

The efficacy of artemisinin, artemether, and lumefantrine against Babesia gibsoni in vitro.

Artemisinin has many derivatives, and it is effective against Plasmodium spp. However, only a limited number of reports have confirmed the efficacy of artemisinin derivatives against Babesia spp. In this study, whether artemisinin and artemether could inhibit the growth of Babesia gibsoni was evaluated in vitro.

Efficacy of Malarone(®) in dogs naturally infected with Babesia gibsoni.

The efficacy of Malarone(®) alone and in combination with doxycycline (DOXY) against Babesia gibsoni infections was examined in 8 dogs. In all dogs except one treated with Malarone(®), parasitemia decreased, and anemia improved soon after initiation of treatment. However, 3 of 4 dogs treated with Malarone(®) relapsed, and relapse was inhibited in 2 of 4 dogs treated with Malarone(®) and DOXY.

The in vitro interactions and in vivo efficacy of atovaquone and proguanil against Babesia gibsoni infection in dogs.

In vitro interactions between atovaquone (ATV) and proguanil (PG) against Babesia gibsoni and the clinical efficacy of this combination therapy using Malarone(®) which is the antimalarial drug containing ATV and PG were evaluated. This combination showed synergism against uncloned wild-type and ATV-resistant B. gibsoni in vitro examinations using a modified fixed ratio method.