Alteration of Immune Function and Gut Microbiome Composition in Carassius auratus Challenged With Rahnella aquatilis.

Rahnella aquatilis as an emerging pathogen can cause bacterial enteritis in cyprinid fish such as crucian carp Carassius auratus. Currently, the characterisation of immune function and gut microbiome composition in C. auratus orally challenged by R.

Multi-omics analysis of miRNA-mediated intestinal microflora changes in crucian carp infected with .

Infection by an emerging bacterial pathogen caused enteritis and septicemia in fish. However, the molecular pathogenesis of enteritis induced by infection and its interacting mechanism of the intestinal microflora associated with microRNA (miRNA) immune regulation in crucian carp are still unclear. In this study, intraperitoneally injected with KCL-5 was used as an experimental animal model, and the intestinal pathological changes, microflora, and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were investigated by multi-omics analysis.

Single-cell transcriptome, phagocytic activity and immunohistochemical analysis of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) in response to Rahnella aquatilis infection.

In teleost fish, kidney is an important immune and hematopoietic organ with multiple physiological functions. However, the immune cells and cellular markers of kidney require further elucidation in crucian carp (C. auratus).

Multiomics analysis revealed miRNAs as potential regulators of the immune response in gills to infection.

The gill of fish is an important immune organ for pathogen defense, but its microRNA (miRNA) expression and regulatory mechanism remain unclear. In this study, we report on the histopathological and immunohistochemical features of the gills of the crucian carp challenged with . Small RNA libraries of the gills were constructed and sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform.

Comprehensive transcriptomics and proteomics analysis of gills in response to .

As one of the mucosal barriers, fish gills represent the first line of defense against pathogen infection. However, the exact mechanism of gill mucosal immune response to bacterial infection still needs further investigation in fish. Here, to investigate pathological changes and molecular mechanisms of the mucosal immune response in the gills of crucian carp () challenged by , the transcriptomics and proteomics were performed by using multi-omics analyses of RNA-seq coupled with iTRAQ techniques.

Development of a TaqMan real-time quantitative PCR assay to detect Metschnikowia bicuspidata in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis.

Milky disease of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis caused by Metschnikowia bicuspidata is a novel disease with high mortality. No effective treatment is currently available, but a rapid, accurate detection method is required for the prevention and control of the disease. In this study, the genome-sequencing results of M.

Skin immune response to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in crucian carp Carassius auratus revealed by multi-omics analysis.

Fish skin is an essential protective barrier and functions as the first line of immune defense against pathogens. However, the molecular mechanism at the proteome-level remains unclear in the skin of fish. In this study, the comparative proteomics of skin immune responses of crucian carp Carassius auratus infected with Aeromonas hydrophila was investigated by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ), two-dimensional gel electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry (2-DE/MS) as well as high-throughput transcriptome (RNA-seq) techniques.

First record of isolation and characterization of Vibrio sinaloensis from diseased orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides.

A dominant bacterium, ZYL-12, isolated from the liver of a diseased orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides, was identified as Vibrio sinaloensis, based on phenotypic and molecular analysis. The median lethal dosage of ZYL-12 was calculated as 1.6 × 105 CFU g-1 fish weight.

Differentially expressed proteins in the intestine of Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther following a Shewanella algae challenge.

Fish intestine is an important constituent of the mucosal immune system. The gut and gut-associated lymphoid tissue construct a local immune environment. A Shewanella algae strain was previously reported to be a pathogen causing ascitic disease accompanied with intestinal inflammation in Cynoglossus semilaevis.

A candidate probiotic strain of Enterococcus faecium from the intestine of the crucian carp Carassius auratus.

In the present study, a Gram-positive bacterium was isolated from the intestine of healthy crucian carp Carassius auratus and named strain R8. It was initially identified as Enterococcus faecium according to its morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. Further identification by using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis confirmed the R8 strain (Genbank accession no.

Histochemical distribution of four types of enzymes and mucous cells in the intestine of koi carp (Cyprinus carpio var. koi).

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), non-specific esterase (NSE), peroxidase (POD), and mucous cells in the intestine of the koi carp Cyprinus carpio var. koi. ACP activity was located in the striated border, enterocytes, and lamina propria of the anterior and middle intestines.

Impact of DNA extraction methods on the observed microbial communities from the intestinal flora of the penaeid shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei.

Two DNA extraction methods, the Zirmil-beating cell disruption method (ZBC) and the QIAamp fast DNA stool mini kit (QIA), were used to extract DNA from the intestinal flora of the penaeid shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, and their microbial communities were analyzed using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. Results were obtained in terms of the number of reads, alpha diversity indexes, beta diversity indexes and taxonomic composition. The alpha diversity indexes of the community, according to the ZBC method, were higher than those according to the QIA method.

Transcriptome profiles in the spleen of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) challenged with Aeromonas veronii.

The African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, an important cultured freshwater species in many countries, possess the characteristic of high disease resistance. However, little genomic information for this character of the fish is available up to now. To address the shortfall and to better understand C.

Transcriptome profiling of immune-responsive genes in the intestine of Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther challenged with Shewanella algae.

To better understand gene expression in the intestine after Shewanella algae infection and provide insights into its immune roles in the tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis, sequencing-based high-throughput RNA analysis (RNA-Seq) for the intestines between the control group and 12 h post-injection group was performed. After assembly, there was an average of 23,957,159 raw sequencing reads, and 23,943,491 clean reads were obtained after filtering out low-quality reads. Then, 383 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the intestines in response to S.

Biases from different DNA extraction methods in intestine microbiome research based on 16S rDNA sequencing: a case in the koi carp, Cyprinus carpio var. Koi.

This study examined the technical bias associated with different DNA extraction methods used in microbiome research. Three methods were used to extract genomic DNA from the same intestinal microbiota sample that was taken from the koi carp Cyprinus carpio var. koi, after which their microbial diversity and community structure were investigated on the basis of a 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing analysis.

A modified method for genomic DNA extraction from the fish intestinal microflora.

A modified genomic DNA extraction method named the combination of lysozyme and ultrasonic lysis (CLU) method was used to analyze the fish intestinal microflora. In this method, the physical disruption and chemical lysis steps were combined, and some parameters in the key steps were adjusted. In addition, the results obtained by this method were compared with the results obtained by the Zirmil-beating cell disruption method and the QIAamp Fast DNA Stool Mini Kit.

First sporadic case of pathogenic Escherichia coli infection in Black swan in China.

A strain of bacteria was isolated from the diseased black swan (Cygnus atratus) died from enteritis diarrhea, and designated tentatively as B-1 strain. Morphological and biochemical tests, as well as phylogenetic analysis derived from 16S rRNA and fimC gene sequencing both strongly indicated that B-1 strain is identical to Escherichia coli. Furthermore, the polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) profile of the isolate was different from that of two reference strains.

Nocardia rhizosphaerae sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from the coastal rhizosphere of Artemisia Linn., China.

A novel actinomycete, designated strain KLBMP S0043(T), was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Artemisia Linn. collected from the coastal region of Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, in east China and was studied in detail for its taxonomic position. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain KLBMP S0043(T) is a member of the genus Nocardia.

[Intranasal vaccination with mycobacterial 65-kD heat-shock protein can prevent insulitis and diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice].

Aim: To study the efficacy of heat shock protein 65 kDa (HSP65) of Mybobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis in prevention of autoimmune diabetes by intranasal.

Methods: The HSP65 gene was derived from Mybobacterium tuberculosis var.