Clinical diagnostic value of PIMREG on liver cancer cell phenotype and tumorigenic ability in nude mice.

Objectives: In vitro experiments were manipulated to investigate the effect of the (PICALM-interacting mitotic regulator gene) expression level on the malignant phenotype of liver cancer cells and their tumorigenesis ability in nude mice, and bioinformatics were used to analyze the clinical diagnostic and prognostic value in liver cancer.

Methods: After liver cancer-related data were obtained from the TCGA database and GTEx database, the differences in expression in liver cancer and normal liver tissue were compared using bioinformatics, and their correlation with the clinical pathological characteristics of liver cancer and the prognosis value were analyzed. A knockdown and overexpression model of was constructed using Huh7 cells.

Recent Advances in Gold Nanocluster-Based Biosensing and Therapy: A Review.

Gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) with bright emission and unique chemical reactivity characters have been widely applied for optical sensing and imaging. With a combination of surface modifications, effective therapeutic treatments of tumors are realized. In this review, we summarize the recently adopted biosensing and therapy events based on Au NCs.

The Maize ZmBES1/BZR1-9 Transcription Factor Accelerates Flowering in Transgenic and Rice.

In model plants, the BRI1-EMS suppressor 1 (BES1)/brassinazole-resistant 1 (BZR1) transcription factors play vital roles in regulating growth, development, and stimuli response. However, the roles of maize members are largely unknown. In this research, the gene was ectopically expressed in and rice for the phenotyping of flowering.

Construction of Polar Functional Groups on the Surface of a High-Modulus Carbon Fiber and Its Effect on the Interfacial Properties of Composites.

The interfacial bonding between carbon fibers and the resin matrix affects the mechanical properties of carbon fibers, and the increase of modulus brings a challenge to the interfacial properties of carbon fibers. The traditional anodic oxidation with ammonium bicarbonate as an electrolyte has a limited effect on the surface treatment for high-modulus carbon fibers. In this paper, anodic oxidation with an acidic electrolyte is used to treat high-modulus carbon fibers.

Extent of safety database in pediatric drug development: types of assessment, analytical precision, and pathway for extrapolation through on-target effects.

Pediatric patients should have access to medicines that have been appropriately evaluated for safety and efficacy through revised labelling. Given this goal, the adequacy of the pediatric clinical development plan and resulting safety database are critical factors to inform a favorable benefit-risk assessment for the intended use of the medicinal product. While extrapolation from adults can be used to support efficacy of drugs in children, there may be a reluctance to use the same approach in safety assessments, wiping out potential gains in trial efficiency through a reduction of sample size.

Genome-Wide Characterization and Function Analysis of Genes' Response to Saline Stress in L.

Early responsive dehydration (ERD) genes can be rapidly induced by dehydration. ERD15 genes have been confirmed to regulate various stress responses in plants. However, the maize ERD15 members have not been characterized.

FERONIA-like receptor 1-mediated calcium ion homeostasis is involved in the immune response.

Calcium (Ca) is the most abundant divalent cation in plants, and cellular levels of Ca, which functions as a nutrient and secondary messenger, play a critical role in plant immunity. In the present study, we found that FERONIA-like receptor 1 (FLR1) positively regulates resistance and that expression of FLR1 is strongly induced in response to Ca deficiency. In addition, the Ca content in the shoots of was lower than that in wild-type, and the -sensitive phenotype of the mutant was not rescued by exogenous application of Ca.

Evolution and Regulation of Radial Structure of PAN Pre-Oxidized Fiber Based on the Fine Denier Model.

Affected by ambient oxygen and thermal diffusion mechanism, the radial structural distribution of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber during the pre-oxidation process will be inherited to the carbon fiber, which had a remarkable effect on the mechanical properties of carbon fiber. It is important to understand the evolution mechanism of radial structure evolution of PAN fiber during the pre-oxidation process to manufacture the high-performance carbon fiber. In this paper, a series of fine denier model fibers were prepared by adjusting the oxygen concentration to describe the structural characteristics at different radial regions of pre-oxidized fibers.

Electrode Potential Regulation of Carbon Fiber Based on Galvanic Coupling and Its Application in Electrochemical Grafting.

The reaction behavior of carbon fiber in electrochemical grafting is related to its electrode potential. In this paper, carbon fiber and metals with different electrode potentials were used to form combined electrodes to regulate the electrode potential of carbon fiber. The results showed that galvanic coupling was formed in the combined anode when the potential difference between carbon fiber and the metal (Δϕ = ϕ - ϕ) was higher than 0.

Electrochemical grafting of poly(glycidyl methacrylate) on a carbon-fibre surface.

In this work, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was polymerised and grafted onto the surface of carbon fiber (CF) by using electrochemical grafting to improve the interfacial properties between the fibre and epoxy resin. The optimised conditions for electrochemical grafting and the reaction mechanism were also investigated. Results showed that GMA was covalently grafted to the CF surface by the assistance of aluminium chloride, which is a good electrolyte for electrochemical grafting.

Thermal Analysis and Crystal Structure of Poly(Acrylonitrile-Co-Itaconic Acid) Copolymers Synthesized in Water.

The composition and structure of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursors play an important role during thermal stabilization, which influences the properties of the resulting carbon fibers. In this paper, PAN homopolymer and PAN-itaconic (IA) copolymers with different IA contents were synthesized by aqueous phase precipitation polymerization. The effects of IA content on the structure and thermal properties were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).

Recent Advances of Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles in Optical Sensing and Therapy.

Gold nanoparticles with special surface plasmon resonance have been widely used in sensing and therapy because of their easy preparation, unique optical properties, excellent biocompatibility, etc. The applications of gold nanoparticles in chemo/biosensing, imaging, and therapy reported in 2016-2019, are summarized in this review. Regarding the gold nanoparticle-based sensing or imaging, sensing mechanisms and strategies are provided to illustrate the concepts for designing sensitive and selective detection platforms.

The Structure and Properties of Polyacrylonitrile Nascent Composite Fibers with Grafted Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes Prepared by Wet Spinning Method.

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) grafted amino-functionalized multi walled carbon nanotubes (amino-MWCNTs) were synthesized by in situ polymerization under aqueous solvent. The grafted MWCNT/PAN nascent composite fibers were prepared by the wet spinning method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy indicated that the amino-MWCNTs and PAN macromolecular chains had interfacial interactions and formed chemical bonds.

High Modulus Conductive Hydrogels Enhance In Vitro Maturation and Contractile Function of Primary Cardiomyocytes for Uses in Drug Screening.

Effective and quick screening and cardiotoxicity assessment are very crucial for drug development. Here, a novel composite hydrogel composed of carbon fibers (CFs) with high conductivity and modulus with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is reported. The conductivity of the composite hydrogel PVA/CFs is similar to that of natural heart tissue, and the elastic modulus is close to that of natural heart tissue during systole, due to the incorporation of CFs.

Statistical modeling for Bayesian extrapolation of adult clinical trial information in pediatric drug evaluation.

Children represent a large underserved population of "therapeutic orphans," as an estimated 80% of children are treated off-label. However, pediatric drug development often faces substantial challenges, including economic, logistical, technical, and ethical barriers, among others. Among many efforts trying to remove these barriers, increased recent attention has been paid to extrapolation; that is, the leveraging of available data from adults or older age groups to draw conclusions for the pediatric population.

Bayesian methods for the design and analysis of noninferiority trials.

The gold standard for evaluating treatment efficacy of a medical product is a placebo-controlled trial. However, when the use of placebo is considered to be unethical or impractical, a viable alternative for evaluating treatment efficacy is through a noninferiority (NI) study where a test treatment is compared to an active control treatment. The minimal objective of such a study is to determine whether the test treatment is superior to placebo.

Genistein inhibits the replication of avian leucosis virus subgroup J in DF-1 cells.

To investigate the antiviral effects of genistein on the replication of avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) in DF-1 cells, the cells were treated with genistein at different time points and the antiviral effects were examined by using a variety of assays. We determined that genistein strongly inhibited viral gene expression and decreased the viral protein level in the cell supernatant and the cytoplasm without alerting virus receptor expression and viral attachment. We also observed that genistein was not found to interfere with virus entry, but significantly inhibited both viral gene transcriptions at 24h post infection and virus release, which indicate that genistein exerts its inhibitory effects on the late phase of ALV-J replicative cycle.

[Preparation and application of polyclonal antibody against chicken high mobility group box 1 protein].

Objective: To prepare an affinity purified polyclonal antibody against chicken high mobility group box 1 protein (chHMGB1) and put it in a practical application.

Methods: The full-length chHMGB1 cDNA was amplified by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). The specific peptides was selected by sequence alignment and conjugated with KLH.

Exenatide once weekly versus liraglutide once daily in patients with type 2 diabetes (DURATION-6): a randomised, open-label study.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists exenatide and liraglutide have been shown to improve glycaemic control and reduce bodyweight in patients with type 2 diabetes. We compared the efficacy and safety of exenatide once weekly with liraglutide once daily in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We did a 26 week, open-label, randomised, parallel-group study at 105 sites in 19 countries between Jan 11, 2010, and Jan 17, 2011.