Dental Hygienists' Influence on Oral Health Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavioural of Patients and Effectiveness on Improving Patients' Periodontal Status-Evaluations of a Hospital Based Oral Hygiene Training Program in China.

Objectives: To evaluate the possibility of integrating dental hygienists (DHs) into the dental field in China, and investigate its effectiveness on improving patients' knowledge, attitudes, self-care behaviours as well as their periodontal status.

Methods: A hospital-based oral hygiene training program was developed at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital's (SRRSH) Dental Clinic with the support of two registered DHs from Loma Linda University in California. A questionnaire evaluating oral health knowledge, attitudes and behaviours was conducted in patients who visited SRRSH's Dental Clinic.

Value of brain tissue oxygen saturation in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: a clinical study.

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) is one of the major causes of pre-term mortality and morbidity among very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBWI) in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Some of the neonates pass away despite admission and care in intensive care units (ICUs). The present clinical trial seeks the application value of elevating oxygen saturation in the brain cells of pre-term neonates born with NRDS.

Rapid Profiling of the Marker Components in Artemisia annua L. and their Metabolites in Rats Using an Improved Liquid Chromatography-tandem Highresolution Mass Spectrometry-based Technology.

Background: As parasite resistance to the main artemisinin drugs has emerged in Southern Asia, the traditional herb Artemisia annua L. (AAL) from which artemisinin (QHS) isolated was found to overcome resistance to QHS. However the component and metabolite profiles of AAL remain unclear.

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay for the simultaneous determination of three major flavonoids and their glucuronidated metabolites in rats after oral administration of Artemisia annua L. extract at a therapeutic ultra-low dose.

The traditional antimalarial herb Artemisia annua L., from which artemisinin is isolated, is widely used in endemic regions. It has been suggested that artemisinin activity can be enhanced by flavonoids in A.

Metabolism of Piperaquine to Its Antiplasmodial Metabolites and Their Pharmacokinetic Profiles in Healthy Volunteers.

As a partner antimalarial for artemisinin drug-based combination therapy (ACT), piperaquine (PQ) can be metabolized into two major metabolites, including piperaquine -oxide (M1) and piperaquine ,-dioxide (M2). To better understand the antimalarial potency of PQ, the antimalarial activity of the PQ metabolites (M1 and M2) was studied (in strains 3D7 and Dd2) and (in the murine species ) in this study. The recrudescence and survival time of infected mice were also recorded after drug treatment.

Curcumin Attenuates Pulmonary Inflammation in Lipopolysaccharide Induced Acute Lung Injury in Neonatal Rat Model by Activating Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) Pathway.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of curcumin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced neonatal acute lung injury (ALI) and the possibly associated molecular mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS ALI neonatal animal model was established by using LPS. Curcumin and/or peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) inhibitor BADGE (bisphenol A diglycidyl ether) were administrated to animals.

[Short-term clinical outcomes of neonates of secundiparous mothers: a single-center cohort study].

Objective: To investigate the short-term clinical outcomes of neonates of secundiparous mothers, and to provide a reference for the clinical practice after the change in birth policy.

Methods: A cohort study was performed for the parturients and their neonates born in Yongkang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital in Zhejiang, China between June 2015 and April 2016. According to the parity of the mother, the neonates were divided into primiparous group and secundiparous group.

Simultaneous determination of piperaquine and its N-oxidated metabolite in rat plasma using LC-MS/MS.

A sensitive and efficient liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of piperaquine (PQ) and its N-oxidated metabolite (PQ-M) in plasma. A simple protein precipitation procedure was used for sample preparation. Adequate chromatographic retention was achieved on a C column under gradient elution with acetonitrile and 2 mm aqueous ammonium acetate containing 0.

Metabolite identification of the antimalarial piperaquine in vivo using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry in combination with multiple data-mining tools in tandem.

Artemisinin-based combination therapy is widely used for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria, and piperaquine (PQ) is one of important partner drugs. The pharmacokinetics of PQ is characterized by a low clearance and a large volume of distribution; however, metabolism of PQ has not been thoroughly investigated. In this work, the metabolite profiling of PQ in human and rat was studied using liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (HRMS).

Effect of CAR polymorphism on the pharmacokinetics of artemisinin in healthy Chinese subjects.

Repeated pretreatment with the antimalarial drug artemisinin (QHS) could lead to reduced exposure to the parent drug, which is mainly mediated by auto-induction of CYP2B6 activity. CYP2B6 is most sensitive to the inductive effect of constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), which can be activated by QHS. CYP2B6 polymorphism has no influence on pharmacokinetics of QHS derivatives.

The effect of UGTs polymorphism on the auto-induction phase II metabolism-mediated pharmacokinetics of dihydroartemisinin in healthy Chinese subjects after oral administration of a fixed combination of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine.

Background: Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a component of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), which is widely recommended for treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. DHA is also the main metabolite of artemether and artesunate, both of which are used in ACT. Due to auto-induction metabolism, declining plasma concentrations after the repeated dosing have been reported for artemisinin (Qing-hao-su) and artemether.

Auto-induction of phase I and phase II metabolism of artemisinin in healthy Chinese subjects after oral administration of a new artemisinin-piperaquine fixed combination.

Background: Artequick is a relatively inexpensive artemisinin (Qing-hao-su; QHS)-based combination therapy (ACT) that contains QHS and piperaquine (PQ), which has not been widely used because of the decreased concentration level of QHS after repeated oral administrations for five to seven days as a monotherapy. This study was designed to evaluate the potential auto-induction metabolism of QHS in healthy Chinese adults after a two-day oral administration of QHS-PQ. The effect of QHS-PQ on the activity of the CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 was also investigated.