Publications by authors named "Aijin Wang"
Chitin-binding proteins (CBPs) play pivotal roles in numerous biological processes in arthropods, including growth, molting, reproduction, and immune defense. However, their function in the antibacterial immune defense of crustaceans remains relatively underexplored. In this study, twenty CBPs were identified and characterized in Penaeus vannamei.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters have crucial roles in various biological processes such as growth, development and immune defense in eukaryotes. However, the roles of ABC transporters in the immune system of crustaceans remain elusive. In this study, 38 ABC genes were systematically identified and characterized in Penaeus vannamei.
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- Clinical trials for new treatments often produce complex adverse event (AE) data which traditional tabular methods struggle to effectively convey; thus, new visualization techniques are required for better understanding of treatment toxicity.* -
- The authors created dynamic visualizations, like circular and butterfly plots, to categorize and compare AEs by severity and treatment, applied in a clinical trial involving lung cancer patients comparing nivolumab alone versus with ipilimumab.* -
- Results indicated that the combined treatment led to significantly higher rates of severe AEs across several body systems, demonstrating that innovative graphical methods can yield clearer insights into treatment-related toxicities than standard reporting formats.*
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- - A retrospective study investigated how acute otitis media is diagnosed in afebrile infants 90 days old or younger across 33 sites.
- - To confirm a diagnosis of acute otitis media, clinicians often noted tympanic membrane redness along with at least one other ear issue, which occurred in 64.1% of cases.
- - There were significant variations in the ear examination findings that led to diagnoses depending on the age of the infants.
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- Genetic testing for children with hereditary cardiomyopathy is essential for family management and understanding emotional impacts, leading to a study on parental involvement in the process.
- A survey of 162 parents and 48 adolescents revealed that parents often disclosed genetic results to affected children, while emotions varied significantly based on test outcomes, affecting family dynamics.
- The study suggests that healthcare providers should improve genetic service structures to enhance communication between parents and adolescents regarding test results.
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- Chest CT scans are crucial for tracking disease progression in pulmonary fibrosis, but a standardized grading system for assessing severity has not been established among radiologists.* -
- A study reviewed 100 patients with usual interstitial pneumonitis, employing a radiologic scoring system to evaluate lung condition, resulting in scores reflecting varying degrees of normal lung tissue.* -
- The research found a significant correlation between CT scores and lung function (percent DLCO), suggesting that this new grading system could effectively enhance disease assessment for clinicians.*
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- This study investigates how COVID-19 affects the corrected QT interval (QTc) on ECGs, noting that critical illness and inflammatory responses like those from the virus could lead to QTc prolongation.* -
- Conducted at Columbia University Medical Center with 3050 patients, the research analyzed various treatment groups over 5 days to see differences in QTc prolongation among those with and without COVID-19.* -
- Results show that patients with COVID-19 experienced a significant increase in QTc, with a modeled mean increase of 27.32 milliseconds, while those without the virus showed no significant change.*
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of invasive bacterial infections (IBIs) and adverse events in afebrile infants with acute otitis media (AOM).
Methods: We conducted a 33-site cross-sectional study of afebrile infants ≤90 days of age with AOM seen in emergency departments from 2007 to 2017. Eligible infants were identified using emergency department diagnosis codes and confirmed by chart review.
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- Delivery of RNA interference (RNAi)-mediating agents to cells is challenging, but the transkingdom RNAi (tkRNAi) technology offers a potential solution by using non-pathogenic bacteria to deliver therapeutic RNA.
- In a study, tkRNAi was shown to reduce ABCB1 mRNA expression by 45% in multidrug-resistant (MDR) human cancer cells and significantly decrease ABCB1 protein levels, leading to an 11-fold increase in drug accumulation.
- Although the tkRNAi system currently does not match the effectiveness of traditional RNAi methods, ongoing optimization may enhance its potential for reversing cancer drug resistance in the future.
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- Transgenic mice expressing the bZip transcription factor ATF3 under the CK5 promoter showed abnormal mammary gland development, with lesions appearing by 25 weeks of age and an increased incidence of squamous metaplasia and carcinomas in biparous mice.
- Histopathological analysis confirmed significant alterations in cytokeratin expression in tumors, suggesting disrupted epithelial differentiation patterns.
- Additionally, high nuclear ATF3 levels were observed in a subset of human breast tumor samples, indicating potential relevance in breast cancer research.
ATF3 is a highly conserved eukaryotic transcription factor that is ubiquitously upregulated transcriptionally during cellular responses to a variety of stresses, in particular DNA damage. However, the role of ATF3 in the DNA damage response is unclear. Transgenic mice that overexpress human ATF3 in basal epithelial cells under the control of the bovine keratin 5 (K5) promoter were constructed and characterized for epidermal alterations.
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- Researchers studied how normal human mammary epithelial cells (HME87) respond to the carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE), finding that after 24 hours of treatment, the cells didn’t undergo typical cell cycle arrest or apoptosis despite a 50% reduction in cell number.
- Gene expression analysis using the RAGE technique revealed that while some genes related to DNA damage response were activated early, the p21-WAF1 gene, which prevents cells from moving from G(1) to S phase, only increased after 24 hours.
- The study highlighted significant changes in gene expression, including transcription factors like ATF3 and E2A, and noted that BPDE treatment led to early