IgG4 Expression in Primary Cutaneous Marginal Zone Lymphoma: A Multicenter Study.

Background: Primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma (PCMZL) is the second most common B-cell lymphoma of the skin. A recent study has demonstrated a strikingly high prevalence of immunoglobulin (Ig)G4 expression in PCMZL with plasmacytic differentiation.

Objective: The objective was to investigate the incidence of IgG4 expression in PCMZL, and its correlation with clinical and immunophenotypic features.

Characterization of the tumor microenvironment in primary cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders: a predominance of CD163-positive M2 macrophages.

Background: The tumor microenvironment is essential for tumor survival, growth and progression. There are only a few studies on the tumor microenvironment in cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders.

Methods: We assessed the composition of the tumor microenvironment using immunohistochemistry studies in skin biopsies from cases diagnosed with lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP: 18 specimens), primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (PC-ALCL: 8 specimens), and reactive diseases harboring CD30-positive cells (18 specimens).

Contribution of longitudinal follow up and clinical pathological correlation in the diagnosis CD30-positive skin infiltrates.

The diagnosis of a CD30+ cutaneous infiltrate is often difficult and requires clinicopathologic correlation. To further evaluate this challenge, initial clinical and histopathologic diagnoses were correlated with final clinicopathologic diagnosis in 44 cases with CD30 immunopositivity. Dermatopathologic evaluation confirmed the initial clinical diagnosis in 65% of the suspected benign cases, all cases of suspected lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP), and 72% of clinically malignant cases.

Hypersensitivity reaction as a harbinger of acute myeloid leukemia: a case report and review of the literature.

Cutaneous paraneoplastic syndromes comprise a broad spectrum of cutaneous reactions to an underlying malignancy. These dermatoses are not the result of metastatic spread to the skin, but rather a reaction to the presence of malignancy. Cutaneous paraneoplastic syndromes often precede the identification of a malignancy.

Loss of expression of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in CD30-positive cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders.

Background: The methylation of DNA at position 5 of cytosine, and the subsequent reduction in intracellular 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) levels, is a key epigenetic event in several cancers, including systemic lymphomas. However, no studies have analyzed this epigenetic marker in cutaneous lymphomas. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the expression of 5-hmC in cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders and compare it with a control group composed of reactive infectious and inflammatory disorders with CD30-positive cells.

Community differentiation of the cutaneous microbiota in psoriasis.

Background: Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the skin. We sought to characterize and compare the cutaneous microbiota of psoriatic lesions (lesion group), unaffected contralateral skin from psoriatic patients (unaffected group), and similar skin loci in matched healthy controls (control group) in order to discern patterns that govern skin colonization and their relationship to clinical diagnosis.

Results: Using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we assayed the cutaneous bacterial communities of 51 matched triplets and characterized these samples using community data analysis techniques.

Apremilast for discoid lupus erythematosus: results of a phase 2, open-label, single-arm, pilot study.

Background: Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is a chronic inflammatory disorder mediated by Th1 cells. Apremilast is a novel oral PDE4 enzyme inhibitor capable of blocking leukocyte production of IL-12, IL-23, TNF-a, INF- with subsequent suppression of Th1 and Th17-mediated immune responses, and proven clinical efficacy for psoriasis as well as rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis.

Observations: Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index (CLASI) showed a significant (P<0.

Psoriasis and Down syndrome: a report of three cases and a potential pathophysiologic link.

Psoriasis is thought to result from an influx of Th1 and Th17 cells driven by the production of cytokines such as interferon (IFN)-gamma, IL-2, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha elicited by skin immunocytes. We report three cases of patients with chronic plaque psoriasis and concomitant Down syndrome. Although there is no direct link between Down syndrome and the Th17 pathway, there are data supporting a dysregulation of the IFN system in this patient population.

The management of EGFR inhibitor adverse events: a case series and treatment paradigm.

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors are widely used medications in the treatment of cancers.

Objective: To review the cutaneous adverse events related to EGFR inhibitors.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of all cases referred for the management of cutaneous adverse events after the initiation of EGFR inhibitor therapy between the years of 2006 and 2009 was performed.

SAPHO syndrome associated with hidradenitis suppurativa successfully treated with infliximab and methotrexate.

SAPHO syndrome (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis) is a rare chronic inflammatory musculoskeletal disorder of unknown etiology observed in children and young adults, which involves both osteo-articular inflammation and skin abnormalities. We review the case of a 22-year-old male, who presented with a 5-year history of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), acne vulgaris, joint stiffness, and pain. Previous ineffective treatments included isotretinoin and oral antibiotics.

In search of prognostic indicators for lymphomatoid papulosis: a retrospective study of 123 patients.

Background: Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) is a benign recurrent papulonodular skin eruption with histologically malignant features that sometimes (10%-20%) progresses to lymphoma.

Objective: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical course of patients with LyP and identify prognostic factors possibly indicating a malignant course.

Methods: Clinical, histopathologic, and immunologic features and molecular genetics were examined and correlated with clinical course and outcomes.

Specificity of IRF4 translocations for primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma: a multicenter study of 204 skin biopsies.

Current pathologic criteria cannot reliably distinguish cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma from other CD30-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (lymphomatoid papulosis, systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma with skin involvement, and transformed mycosis fungoides). We previously reported IRF4 (interferon regulatory factor-4) translocations in cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphomas. Here, we investigated the clinical utility of detecting IRF4 translocations in skin biopsies.

Clinical, histopathologic, and immunophenotypic features of lymphomatoid papulosis with CD8 predominance in 14 pediatric patients.

Background: Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) is a cyclic papulonodular eruption that is clinically benign and histologically malignant. Association with hematologic neoplasias has been reported in 5% to 20% of all cases.

Objective: We sought to review the clinical and histopathologic features of LyP in pediatric patients.

Resolution of CD8+ lymphomatoid papulosis after surgical excision of the type AB-thymoma.

Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) is a disease characterized by cyclic eruptions of papulonodular lesions, which undergo spontaneous healing. Lymphoid malignancies are present in 10%-15% of cases. The type AB thymoma is an epithelial neoplasm composed of both type A (lymphocyte-poor) and type B (lymphocyte-rich) areas.