Longitudinal Healthcare Utilization and Costs in Parkinson's Disease: Pre-Diagnosis to 9 Years After.

Background: There is currently insufficient long-term data on costs of treatment in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), which is chronic and progressive, and associated with substantial healthcare costs. Identifying patterns in healthcare utilization and cost may illuminate further discussion on early intervention.

Objective: To characterize long-term healthcare utilization and costs of PD in newly diagnosed patients managed by movement disorder specialists.

Polygenic Risk Scores in a Prospective Parkinson's Disease Cohort.

Background: Ethnic-specific genetic risk assessment framework for Parkinson's disease (PD) is lacking for the Asian population.

Objective: We investigated the association of a polygenic risk score (PRS) with PD incidence in a population-based Asian prospective cohort.

Methods: Genetic, dietary, and lifestyle information were prospectively collected from 25,646 participants within the Singapore Chinese Health Study cohort.