Clinical characterization and mutation spectrum in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis in China.

Background And Aim: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is the most common adenomatous polyposis syndrome. Patients with FAP are screened for germline mutations of two genes, APC and MUTYH. However, limited data exist on the clinical characterization and genotypic spectrum of FAP in China.

Artificial intelligence system of faster region-based convolutional neural network surpassing senior radiologists in evaluation of metastatic lymph nodes of rectal cancer.

Background: An artificial intelligence system of Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R-CNN) is newly developed for the diagnosis of metastatic lymph node (LN) in rectal cancer patients. The primary objective of this study was to comprehensively verify its accuracy in clinical use.

Methods: Four hundred fourteen patients with rectal cancer discharged between January 2013 and March 2015 were collected from 6 clinical centers, and the magnetic resonance imaging data for pelvic metastatic LNs of each patient was identified by Faster R-CNN.

Concordance Study Between IBM Watson for Oncology and Clinical Practice for Patients with Cancer in China.

Background: IBM Watson for Oncology (WFO), which can use natural language processing to evaluate data in structured and unstructured formats, has begun to be used in China. It provides physicians with evidence-based treatment options and ranks them in three categories for treatment decision support. This study was designed to examine the concordance between the treatment recommendation proposed by WFO and actual clinical decisions by oncologists in our cancer center, which would reflect the differences of cancer treatment between China and the U.

Predictive Value of Stemness Factor Sox2 in Gastric Cancer Is Associated with Tumor Location and Stage.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to be the "root" of cancer. Although stemness-related factors ALDH1A1 and Sox2 have been used as markers to identify gastric CSCs, the expression pattern and significance of these factors in gastric cancer have not been sufficiently demonstrated. In this study, the expressions of ALDH1A1 and Sox2 were detected by immunohistochemistry in 122 gastric cancer specimens.

Factors for Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Early Colorectal Neoplasms: A Single Center Clinical Experience in China.

Background/aims: Early colorectal (CR) neoplasm can be cured by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), but clinical experience and factors associated with complications from ESD for CR neoplasms in China have not been reported.

Methods: Seventy-eight cases of early CR neoplasm treated with endoscopic resection performed between December 2012 and December 2013 at Beijing Military General Hospital were included. Factors associated with ESD complications and procedure times were evaluated.

[Oral candida species distribution in patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck cancer].

Purpose: To investigate the distribution of oral candida species in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients treated with radiation therapy, and provide the basis for planning of clinical preventive measures.

Methods: Saliva was sampled from 60 HNC patients before, during and after radiation. Concomitantly, 60 healthy individuals whose age and sex matched that of the patient group were selected as control group.

Safety and efficacy of a novel disposable sheathed gastroscopic system in clinical practice.

Background And Aim: Endoscopic examinations carry a potential risk of cross-infection, and the traditional reprocessing method is time consuming. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a novel disposable sheathed gastroscope system in clinical practice in comparison with the conventional gastroscope.

Methods: There were two phases in the study.

Mismatch repair gene mutation analysis and colonoscopy surveillance in Chinese Lynch syndrome families.

Background: Lynch syndrome (or HNPCC) is a colorectal cancer syndrome caused by germline mutations in either one of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes hMLH1, hMSH2, hMSH6 or hPMS2. Mutations in hMLH1 and hMSH2 are most prevalent. Here we aimed to determine the cancer risk of MMR gene mutation carriers and, in addition, the efficacy of colonoscopy surveillance in Chinese Lynch syndrome family members with and without MMR gene mutations.

Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and its relationship with mismatch repair and microsatellite instability in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer.

Objective: To investigate cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and its relationship with mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression and microsatellite instability (MSI) in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC).

Methods: A total of 28 cases of colorectal adenoma and 14 cases of colorectal carcinoma were collected between July 2003 and July 2007 from 33 HNPCC families. Sporadic colorectal adenoma (n=32) and carcinoma patients (n=24) served as controls.

[Detection of APC gene germline mutation in Chinese familial adenomatous polyposis by direct sequencing in combination with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification].

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of APC gene germline mutation in Chinese patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).

Methods: The genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral venous blood drawn from probands of 14 Chinese FAP families from Beijing, Hebei, Henan, Anhui, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi and Fujian. The APC gene was amplified by PCR and underwent direct sequencing.

APC gene mutations in Chinese familial adenomatous polyposis patients.

Aim: To study the characteristics of APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) gene germline mutation in Chinese patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).

Methods: APC gene from 14 FAP families was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and underwent direct sequencing to determine the micromutation type. For the samples without micromutation, the large fragment deletion of APC gene was examined by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA).

Deep sequencing identifies novel and conserved microRNAs in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.).

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a new class of small, endogenous RNAs that play a regulatory role in the cell by negatively affecting gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs have been shown to control numerous genes involved in various biological and metabolic processes. There have been extensive studies on discovering miRNAs and analyzing their functions in model species, such as Arabidopsis and rice.

[Effects of cyclooxygenase-2 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen on the onset and development of familial adenomatous polyposis].

Background And Objective: Long-term use of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors can reduce the incidence of digestive cancers, such as colorectal cancers. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is an important marker of cellular abnormal proliferation. This study was to evaluate the roles and correlation of COX-2 and PCNA in the onset and development of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) diseases.

[Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and relationship with mismatch repair gene and microsatellite instability in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer].

Objective: To investigate the expression of Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and the relationship between cox-2, mismatch repair gene (MMR) proteins and microsatellite instability (MSI) in HNPCC.

Methods: Twenty-eight cases of adenomas and 14 cases of carcinomas were collected from 33 HNPCC families patients by colonoscopy. Sporadic adenomas (n = 32) and carcinomas (n = 24) were used as a control group.

Cloning and sequence analysis of putative type II fatty acid synthase genes from Arachis hypogaea L.

The cultivated peanut is a valuable source of dietary oil and ranks fifth among the world oil crops. Plant fatty acid biosynthesis is catalysed by type II fatty acid synthase (FAS) in plastids and mitochondria. By constructing a full-length cDNA library derived from immature peanut seeds and homology-based cloning, candidate genes of acyl carrier protein (ACP), malonyl-CoA:ACP transacylase, beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase (I, II, III), beta-ketoacyl-ACP reductase, beta-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydrase and enoyl-ACP reductase were isolated.

Genetic diagnosis strategy of hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer.

Aim: To study the characteristics of mismatch repair gene mutation of Chinese hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) and hMLH1 gene promoter methylation, and to improve the screening strategy and explore the pertinent test methods.

Methods: A systematic analysis of 30 probands from HNPCC families in the north of China was performed by immunohistochemistry, microsatellite instability (MSI), gene mutation and methylation detection.

Results: High frequency microsatellite instability occurred in 25 probands (83.

[Genotypes of hepatitis B virus in Henan Luohe area].

Objective: To determine the main genotype of hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevailed in Henan Luohe area.

Methods: Serum specimens were collected from 94 HBsAg positive individuals, and HBV S gene were obtained by PCR amplifying, and the gene sequences were analyzed and the polygenetic tree was drawn by the software MEGA3.

Results: About 75.

[Mutation of hMLH1 and hMSH2 genes in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer: analysis of 76 probands].

Objective: To investigate the mutations of the mismatch repair genes hMLH1 and hMSH2 in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC).

Methods: The DNA samples of 76 probands of HNPCC families underwent PCR amplification and sequencing on 35 exons in hMLH1 and hMSH2 genes.

Results: (1) The overall mutation rate of the hMLH1 and hMSH2 genes was 33% (25/76).