Influence of TNF-α Inhibitors on Gut Microbiota and Immune Modulation in Treating Ankylosing Spondylitis: Insights into Therapeutic Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors on the gut microbiota in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and investigate the potential therapeutic benefits of microbial modulation. Given the role of gut microbiota in immune regulation and its association with autoimmune conditions like AS, this research seeks to identify microbial targets that could enhance treatment outcomes.

Methods: Patients with AS undergoing TNF inhibitor therapy and healthy controls were recruited for this study.