An Inhalable Nanoshield for Effective Prevention of Influenza Virus Infections.

Influenza virus (IV) infection currently poses a serious and continuing threat to the global public health. Developing effective prevention strategies is important to defend against infection and spread of IV. Here, we developed a triple-protective nanoshield against IV infection in the lungs, formed by self-assembling DSPE-PEG amphiphilic polymers encapsulating the flu-preventive antiviral drug Arbidol internally.

Revealing Different Pathways for Influenza A Virus To Reach Microtubules after Endocytosis by Quantum Dot-Based Single-Virus Tracking.

Actin- and microtubule (MT)-based transport systems are essential for intracellular transport. During influenza A virus (IAV) infection, MTs provide long tracks for virus trafficking toward the nucleus. However, the role of the actin cytoskeleton in IAV entry and especially the transit process is still ambiguous.

The Role of the Intestinal Flora and Its Derivatives in Neurocognitive Disorders: A Narrative Review from Surgical Perspective.

Perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction is a significant concern for population health, impacting postoperative recovery and increasing the financial burden on patients. With an increasing number of surgical procedures being performed, the prevention and management of perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction have garnered significant attention. While factors such as age, lifestyle, genetics, and education are known to influence the development of cognitive dysfunction, recent research has highlighted the role of the gut microbiota in neurological health.

A translocation fluorescent probe for analyzing cellular physiological parameters in neurological disease models.

Neurological disorders are closely linked to the alterations in cell membrane permeability (CMP) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Changes in CMP and MMP may lead to damage and death of nerve cells, thus triggering the onset and progression of neurological diseases. Therefore, monitoring the changes of these two physiological parameters not only benefits the accurate assessment of nerve cell health status, but also enables providing key information for the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases.

Allosteric Activator-Regulated CRISPR/Cas12a System Enables Biosensing and Imaging of Intracellular Endogenous and Exogenous Targets.

Sensors designed based on the -cleavage activity of CRISPR/Cas12a systems have opened up a new era in the field of biosensing. The current design of CRISPR/Cas12-based sensors in the "on-off-on" mode mainly focuses on programming the activator strand (AS) to indirectly switch the -cleavage activity of Cas12a in response to target information. However, this design usually requires the help of additional auxiliary probes to keep the activator strand in an initially "blocked" state.

One-Step Dual-Color Labeling of Viral Envelope and Intraviral Genome with Quantum Dots Harnessing Virus Infection.

Labeling the genome and envelope of a virus with multicolor quantum dots (QDs) simultaneously enables real-time monitoring of viral uncoating and genome release, contributing to our understanding of virus infection mechanisms. However, current labeling techniques require genetic modification, which alters the virus's composition and infectivity. To address this, we utilized the CRISPR/Cas13 system and a bioorthogonal metabolic method to label the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) genome and envelopes with different-colored QDs in situ.

Real-Time Dissection of the Exosome Pathway for Influenza Virus Infection.

Exosomes play an important role in the spread of viral infections and immune escape. However, the exact ability and mechanisms by which exosomes produced during viral infections (vExos) infect host cells are still not fully understood. In this study, we developed a dual-color exosome labeling strategy that simultaneously labels the external and internal structures of exosomes with quantum dots to enable in situ monitoring of the transport process of vExos in live cells using the single-particle tracking technique.

Uncovering the F-Actin-Based Nuclear Egress Mechanism of Newly Synthesized Influenza A Virus Ribonucleoprotein Complexes by Single-Particle Tracking.

Nuclear trafficking of viral genome is an essential cellular process in the life cycles of viruses. Despite substantial progress in uncovering a wide variety of complicated mechanisms of virus entry, intracellular transport of viral components, virus assembly, and egress, the temporal and spatial dynamics of viral genes trafficking within the nucleus remains poorly understood. Herein, using single-particle tracking, we explored the real-time dynamic nuclear trafficking of influenza A virus (IAV) genes packaged as the viral ribonucleoprotein complexes (vRNPs) by combining a four-plasmid DNA transfection system for the reconstruction of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled vRNPs and a spinning disk super-resolution fluorescence microscope.