[Effect of oxymatrine on apoptosis of hippocampal neurons by p38/JNK signaling pathway].

To investigate the effect and mechanism of oxymatrine(OMT) on hippocampal neurons apoptosis. Effect of OMT on survival of hippocampal neurons was measured by MTT.Effect of OMT on LPS-induced lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release rate in hippocampal neurons was measured by biochemical methods.

Inhibitory effect of oxymatrine on hepatocyte apoptosis TLR4/PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of oxymatrine (OMT) on hepatocyte apoptosis in rats with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced acute liver failure (ALF).

Methods: LPS/D-GalN was used to establish a model of ALF in rats. To evaluate the effect of OMT, we assessed apoptosis by transmission electron microscopy, and the pathological changes in the liver by light microscopy with hematoxylin and eosin staining.

Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy in Patients with Large Uteri: Comparison of Uterine Removal by Transvaginal and Uterine Morcellation Approaches.

The aim of this study was to compare the clinical results of total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) for large uterus with uterus size of 12 gestational weeks (g.w.) or greater through transvaginal or uterine morcellation approaches.

[The role of TLR/P38/JNK signaling pathway in apoptosis of hippocampal neurons].

Objective: To investigate the effects of the Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) -P38-JNK signaling pathway in the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in rats and its mechanisms. And to provide new experimental evidences for the pathogenesis research, prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (ND).

Methods: The hippocampal neurons derived from newborn rat were cultured for 7 d in vitro.

The role of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in Aβ accumulation in primary hippocampal neurons.

The present study aimed to investigate the role of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway in the accumulation of amyloid β protein (Aβ) in primary hippocampal neurons of rats. The purity of these cultured neurons was determined by using immunofluorescence techniques. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, a TLR4 ligand) or CLI-095 (a TLR4 inhibitor) was used to activate or inhibit TLR4 signaling, respectively.

The role of Toll-like receptor 4 on inflammation and Aβ formation in cortex astrocytes.

To investigate the role and possible molecular mechanism of astrocytes in inflammation and amyloid β-protein (Aβ) formation, in this research, by using LPS to stimulate cultured rat astrocytes in vitro with or without anti-Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) antibody pretreatment, we first detected the TLR4, TNF-α, IL-1β, β-amyloid precursor protein (β-APP) and β-site APP clearing enzyme 1 (BACE1) mRNA with real-time PCR, and TLR4, NF-κB/P65 protein in cultured astrocytes by Western blot, and then further probed the translocation of NF-κB/P65 using immunofluorescence and the contents of TNF-α, IL-1β and Aβ in culture supernatant through ELISA. We found that all of these indexes increased at different degrees after LPS-stimulation. However, if pretreatment with anti- TLR4 antibody, such stimulating effects of LPS on the nuclear translocation of NF-κB/P65 and TNF-α, IL-1β, Aβ contents in astrocytic culture supernatant were reduced significantly or disappeared in comparison with the group with only LPS-administration.

[Involvement of Toll-like receptor 4 in apoptosis of hippocampal neurons through Akt/FoxO3a/Bim signaling pathways].

The present study was to investigate whether Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated Akt/FoxO3a/Bim signaling pathway participated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis in hippocampal neurons. The primarily cultured rat hippocampal neurons were treated with LPS, TLR4 antibody+LPS, and LY294002+LPS, respectively. Cell vitality was assayed by CCK-8.

[The role of TLR4-mediated MyD88-dependent pathway in neuroinflammation in hippocampal neurons of rats].

Objective: To investigate weather there is a toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)-dependent pathway in hippocampal neurons of rats and the probable role of the pathway in neuroinflammation.

Methods: To establish the proper model, primarily cultured hippocampal neurons were treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS), or pretreated with TLR4 antibody then co-treated with LPS. The expression of mRNA of MyD88 and TNF-alpha receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) were tested by RT-qPCR.

Amelioration of glomerulosclerosis with all-trans retinoic acid is linked to decreased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and α-smooth muscle actin.

Aim: To examine the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) on renal morphology and function as well as on renal plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression and plasmin activity in rats with 5/6 nephrectomy.

Methods: Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were given 5/6 nephrectomy or sham operation. Renal function was measured 2 weeks later.

Ginseng for cognition.

Background: Ginseng is a herbal medicine in widespread use throughout the world. Its effect on the brain and nervous system has been investigated. It has been suggested, on the basis of both laboratory and clinical studies, that it may have beneficial effects on cognitive performance.

[The effect of meloxicam on the inflammatory reaction induced by beta amyloid protein in Alzheimer's disease rats].

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of meloxicam on the inflammatory reaction induced by beta amyloid protein (AB) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) rats.

Methods: The rat model was established by microinjection of Abeta(1-40) into hippocampus. The expression of NF-kappaB p65 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemistry.

[Protective effect of Naoyikang on the Alzheimer's disease model mice induced by D-galactose and NaNO2].

Aim: To investigate the mechanisms of Naoyikang (Traditional Chinese Medicine) on the Alzheimer's Disease (AD) model mice induced by D-galactose (D-gal) and NaNO2.

Methods: The mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection of D-gal and NaNO2. The capacity of learning and memory was tested on mice with electrical maze; the content of nitric oxide (NO) and the activity of monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), Na(+) -K(+) -ATP enzyme and Ca(2+) -ATP enzyme in cerebral cortex and hippocampus were assayed by biochemical methods; expression of Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA was detested by RT-PCR.

[Effects of Chinese herb compound Naoyikang on expression of choline acetyltransferase in brain of rats with Alzheimer's disease].

Objective: To observe the effects of Naoyikang (NYK) on expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in brain of rats with Alzheimer' s disease (AD).

Method: Bilateral infusions of Ibotenic acid (IBO) into nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) using hamilton syringe and stereotaxic apparatus were adopted to establish the rat model of AD. After intragastrically administrated with different solution for 28 days, immunohistochemistry and Western-blot were adopted to study the expression of ChAT in frontal cortex of AD rats.

[Inhibitory effects of anisodamine and pentoxifylline on the expression of lipopolysaccharide -induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in rat cardiac muscle].

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effects of anisodamine (654-2) and pentoxifylline (PTX) on the expression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in rat cardiac muscle in vivo.

Methods: The animals were randomly divided into five groups (each n=6): (1) normal control group, (2) model group, (3) 654-2 treated group, (4) PTX treated group and (5) 654-2+PTX treated group. The endotoxemia model was reproduced by intravenous injection LPS 5 mg/kg.

[Protective effect of Naoyikang on the damage induced by glutamate in hippocampal neuron].

Aim: To investigate the effect of Naoyikang serum on the damage induced by glutamate in hippocampal neuron.

Methods: Morphological observation, MTT assay and nuclear DNA-associated fluorescence with DAPI dye were applied to evaluate the viability of hippocampal neuron, immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR were used to determine the expression of PTEN.

Results: A decreased viability and increased expression of PTEN were shown in hippocampal neuron in response to the treatment with glutamate.

[Effect of acupoint-injection of oxymatrine on experimental hepatic carcinoma and study on the mechanism].

Objective: To investigate the effect of acupoint injection of oxymatrine (OM) on experimental hepatocellular carcinoma and the mechanism.

Methods: The rats of hepatocellular carcinoma induced by 2-acetoaminoflurence (2-AAF) were randomly divided into a normal control group (group N), a model group (group M), a control group of oxymatrine intraperitoneal injection (OM ip group) and a treatment group of small dose oxymatrine injection into Zusanli (OM ZSL group). At the end of 12h week, the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (gamma-GT) were determined.

[Advances in the chiral resolution of organophosphorus compounds by liquid chromatography].

The developments in the chiral resolution of organophosphorus compounds by liquid chromatography in recent years are reviewed. Two different approaches of separation: indirect resolution (chiral derivatization reagent method) and direct resolution (chiral mobile phase additive and chiral stationary phase), focusing on several chiral stationary phases--Pirkle type, cyclodextrin, cellulose, ligand exchange and other chiral stationary phases are presented. The possible mechanism of chiral recognition is discussed.