Brucine effectively inhibits the growth of K562 human chronic myeloid leukemia cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, with the highest inhibition rate of 94.0% observed at 400 µg/ml after 72 hours.
The induction of apoptosis in K562 cells by brucine was confirmed through various staining methods, revealing nuclear chromatin condensation and typical apoptotic morphology at higher concentrations.
DNA gel electrophoresis showed characteristic laddering in K562 cells treated with 400 µg/ml of brucine for 72 hours, indicating that brucine promotes apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner within the range of 50 to 400 µg/ml.