Effect of oat β-glucan on the freezing resistance of yeast and the underlying mechanism.

The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of oat β-glucan (OβG) on yeast subjected to freeze-thaw cycle-induced stress. A range of analytical techniques were employed to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms, including flow cytometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and quantitative real-time PCR. Following three freeze-thaw cycles, the survival rate of yeast that had been supplemented with 0.

Individualized treatment recommendations for patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma utilizing deep learning.

Background: The conventional treatment for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA-HNSCC) is surgery; however, the efficacy of definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) remains controversial.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of deep learning (DL) models to identify patients with LA-HNSCC who can achieve organ preservation through definitive CRT and provide individualized adjuvant treatment recommendations for patients who are better suited for surgery.

Methods: Five models were developed for treatment recommendations.

Advances in nano drug delivery systems for enhanced efficacy of emodin in cancer therapy.

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for novel antitumor drugs. Natural products have long been a crucial source of anticancer agents. Among these, emodin (EMO), a multifunctional anthraquinone compound, exhibits significant anticancer effects but is hindered in clinical applications by challenges such as low solubility, rapid metabolism, poor bioavailability, and off-target toxicity.

Nutrition-Associated Biomarkers in Predicting Intravenous Immunoglobulin Resistance and Coronary Artery Lesions in Kawasaki Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Several studies explored the associations of pre-albumin (PA)/albumin (ALB) and ALB-combined indicators (prognostic nutrition index [PNI], albumin-to-globulin ratio [AGR], bilirubin-to-albumin [BAR], and C-reactive protein/albumin ratio [CAR]) with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance and coronary artery lesions (CALs) in Kawasaki disease (KD) patients. However, the results were controversial. A meta-analysis was conducted to reconfirm their associations and predictive performance.

Apolipoprotein E dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease: a study on miRNA regulation, glial markers, and amyloid pathology.

Introduction: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays a crucial role in lipid homeostasis, predominantly expressed in astrocytes and to a lesser extent in microglia within the central nervous system (CNS). While the allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), its precise role in AD pathogenesis remains elusive. -knockout (-ko) mice, mice expressing human , and human carriers exhibit similar deficits in lipid metabolism, cognitive and behavioral functions, and neurodegeneration.

Rostellularia procumbens (L) Nees. extract attenuates adriamycin-induced nephropathy by maintaining mitochondrial dynamics balance via SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway activation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Rostellularia procumbens (L) Nees. (R. procumbens) is a classical Chinese herbal medicine that has been used for effective treatment of kidney disease for nearly a thousand years in China.

Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Extra-Prevertebral Fascial Suprascapular Nerve and Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block on Postoperative Analgesia and Phrenic Nerve Function in Shoulder Arthroscopy: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: The suprascapular nerve is situated between the prevertebral fascia and the superficial layer of deep cervical fascia and on the surface of the middle and posterior scalene muscles before it reaches the suprascapular notch. Consequently, we hypothesized that injecting local anesthetics (LAs) there would introduce a new block approach for blocking the suprascapular nerve, ie, extra-prevertebral fascial block. We assessed the postoperative analgesic effect, as well as the incidence of diaphragmatic paralysis 30 minutes after the block.

Prognostic factors and adjuvant chemotherapy efficacy in stage I gastric cancer patients: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Although stage I gastric cancer (GC) presents a favorable survival rate, outcomes for patients experiencing recurrence remain poor. This research focuses on assessing the prognosis and identifying risk factors for stage I GC patients, further assessing the necessity of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC).

Methods: The study involved a retrospective analysis of 902 patients with stage I GC who received curative resection from November 2010 to December 2020.

Evaluation of innovative drying technologies in drying considering product quality and drying efficiency.

is widely used as healthy food and herbal medicine for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antihypertensive, and antiviral functions. The drying behavior and physicochemical quality of were studied to evaluate its adaptability under four drying techniques: hot air drying (HAD), medium-and short-wave infrared drying (MSWID), pulsed vacuum drying (PVD), and radio frequency-HAD (RF-HAD). Compared with HAD and MSWID, PVD and RF-HAD can form beneficial microporous channels for moisture migration inside , thus shortening drying time by 32.

Copper-Catalyzed [2,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Azide-Ynamides via Selenium Ylides.

A copper-catalyzed [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of azide-ynamides via selenium ylides is disclosed, which leads to the practical and divergent synthesis of a variety of tricyclic heterocycles bearing a quaternary carbon stereocenter in generally moderate to excellent yields. Significantly, this method represents the first [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of the selenium ylide based on alkynes and an unprecedented [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement via α-imino copper carbenes.

Ginseng glucosyl oleanolate inhibit cervical cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis via PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α pathway.

Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) is widely used in several functional foods at present.

A prediction model based on dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography for distinguishing nonluminal from luminal invasive breast cancer.

Background: The identification of the molecular subtypes of breast cancer is critical to determining appropriate treatment strategies and assessing prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography (DLCT) metrics to differentiate luminal from nonluminal invasive breast cancer.

Methods: A total of 220 patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent routine DLCT examination were included in the study.

Quantitative evaluation of microenvironmental changes and efficacy of cupping therapy under different pressures based on photoacoustic imaging.

Cupping therapy, a traditional Chinese medicinal practice, has been subjected to scientific scrutiny to validate its effects on local tissue microenvironments. This study provides a quantitative assessment of cupping therapy at different negative pressures using photoacoustic imaging. Low-pressure cupping (-20 kPa) significantly improved local blood circulation, evidenced by increased hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vessel dilation that normalized within two hours.

Changes in choroidal thickness in pre-myopic children after repeated low-level red-light therapy and their role in predicting myopia prevention and controlling myopic shift.

Purpose: To investigate longitudinal changes in choroidal thickness (ChT) after 1-year treatment of repeated low-level red-light (RLRL) and their predictive value in efficacy on myopia prevention and myopic shift among pre-myopic children.

Methods: 278 pre-myopic (-0.50 D < spherical equivalent refraction, SER ≤ 0.

Insights into the effects of frozen storage on the rheology, texture and in vitro digestibility of frozen Liangpi (starch gel food).

In this study, the effects of frozen storage on the rheology, texture and in vitro digestibility of frozen Liangpi and its internal influencing mechanism were investigated. The results showed that with increasing frozen storage time, the solid-like property proportion of frozen Liangpi gradually enhanced, and its hardness and chewiness gradually increased, and its springiness gradually decreased, while its digestion rate gradually slowed down. During frozen storage, the water fluidity of frozen Liangpi gradually enhanced, and its starch molecules rearrangement degree gradually deepened.

Mechanism of medical hemorrhoid gel in relieving pruritus ani via inhibiting the activation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

Background: Pruritus ani (PA), a neurofunctional dermatosis, is one of the most common complications of hemorrhoids, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Medical hemorrhoid gel (MHG), a product mainly composed of herbal medicine, is widely used for treatment of PA clinically. This study aim to assess the alleviating effect and mechanism of MHG on PA based on rectal epidermis-spinal cord-brain axis using animal models.

BCN-driven interfacial effect: A novel strategy to remarkably enhance the capacitance of CoO/NiO for supercapacitor.

A BCN/CoO/NiO (BCN/CNOs) hetero-interface was developed to introduce a novel strategy that remarkably enhances the specific capacitance of transition metal oxides (TMOs). The engineered hetero-interface driven by BCN was characterized by plentiful electrons accumulation and effectively increased the specific capacitance of the as-prepared BCN/CNOs electrode to 8533 mF cm at 2 mA cm, obtaining 154 % improvement compared to acid-treated carbon cloth loaded CNOs (ACC/CNOs). DFT theoretical calculations indicated that the BCN-driven interfacial effect primarily accelerates the charge transfer due to charge accumulation at interface between BCN and CNOs.

Nanomaterials exert biological effects by influencing the ubiquitin-proteasome system.

The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is an important type of protein post-translational modification that affects the quantity and quality of various proteins and influences cellular processes such as the cell cycle, transcription, oxidative stress, and autophagy. Nanomaterials (NMs), which exhibit excellent physicochemical properties, can directly interact with the UPS and act as molecular-targeted drugs to induce changes in biological processes. This review provides an overview of the influence of NMs on the UPS of misfolded proteins and key proteins, which are related to cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and oxidative stress.

Contribution of irrigation to the production of maize, wheat, and rice in the major global producing countries.

This study offers new insights into the heterogeneity behind the widely accepted notion that irrigated crops contribute 40% to global food production. It also highlights the potential of irrigation to mitigate the negative effects of climate change on crop yields.

Azo-Enhanced Raman Scattering Probing Proton Transfer between Water and Nanoscale Zero-valent Iron.

The interaction between a solid and water at their interface, especially proton transfer, impacts molecular-scale catalysis, macroscopic environmental science, and geoscience. Although being highly desired, directly probing proton transfer between a solid and water is a great challenge, given the subnanometer to nanometer scale of the interface. The fundamental challenge lies in the lack of a measurement tool to sensitively observe local proton concentration without introducing an exogenous electrode or nanoparticle with a minimum size of tens of nanometers.

Estimating Summer Maize Biomass by Integrating UAV Multispectral Imagery with Crop Physiological Parameters.

The aboveground biomass (AGB) of summer maize is an important indicator for assessing crop growth status and predicting yield, playing a significant role in agricultural management and decision-making. Traditional on-site measurements of AGB are limited, due to low efficiency and a lack of spatial information. The development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology in agriculture offers a rapid and cost-effective method for obtaining crop growth information, but currently, the prediction accuracy of summer maize AGB based on UAVs is limited.

Evaluation and Optimization of Cement Slurry Systems for Ultra-Deep Well Cementing at 220 °C.

With the depletion of shallow oil and gas resources, wells are being drilled to deeper and deeper depths to find new hydrocarbon reserves. This study presents the selection and optimization process of the cement slurries to be used for the deepest well ever drilled in China, with a planned vertical depth of 11,100 m. The bottomhole circulating and static temperatures of the well were estimated to be 210 °C and 220 °C, respectively, while the bottomhole pressure was estimated to be 130 MPa.

The brain topological alterations in the structural connectome and correlations with clinical characteristics in type 1 narcolepsy.

Objective: To explore topological alterations of white matter (WM) structural connectome, and their associations with clinical characteristics in type 1 narcolepsy (NT1).

Methods: 46 NT1 patients and 34 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited for clinical data and diffusion tensor imaging collection. Using graph theory analysis, the topology metrics of structural connectome, rich club organization, and connectivity properties were compared between two groups.