Delirium in older patients given propofol or sevoflurane anaesthesia for major cancer surgery: a multicentre randomised trial.

Background: Delirium is a common and disturbing postoperative complication that might be ameliorated by propofol-based anaesthesia. We therefore tested the primary hypothesis that there is less delirium after propofol-based than after sevoflurane-based anaesthesia within 7 days of major cancer surgery.

Methods: This multicentre randomised trial was conducted in 14 tertiary care hospitals in China.

Single Nanovesicles Tracking Reveals Their Heterogeneous Extracellular Adsorptions.

The vigorous nanomedicine offers significant possibilities for effective therapeutics of various diseases, and nanovesicles (NVs) represented by artificial liposomes and natural exosomes and cytomembranes especially show great potential. However, their complex interactions with cells, particularly the heterogeneous extracellular adsorptions, are difficult to analyze spatiotemporally due to the transient dynamics. In this study, by single NVs tracking, the extracellular NVs adsorptions are directly observed and their heterogeneous characteristics are revealed.

Mannose antagonizes GSDME-mediated pyroptosis through AMPK activated by metabolite GlcNAc-6P.

Pyroptosis is a type of regulated cell death executed by gasdermin family members. However, how gasdermin-mediated pyroptosis is negatively regulated remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that mannose, a hexose, inhibits GSDME-mediated pyroptosis by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK).

Photoacoustic spectroscopy-based ppb-level multi-gas sensor using symmetric multi-resonant cavity photoacoustic cell.

In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a symmetric multi-resonant cavity photoacoustic cell (MR-PAC) with dual microphones detection, based on multi-resonator photoacoustic spectroscopy (MR-PAS). The designed photoacoustic cell contains three interconnected acoustic resonators to facilitate simultaneous control of three lasers for multi-gas sensing. Two microphones are symmetrically located at both sides of photoacoustic cell to implement two-point detection.

Effects of biochar additions on the mechanical stability of soil aggregates and their role in the dynamic renewal of aggregates in slope ecological restoration.

Mechanical stability of soil aggregates is important for resisting external disturbances in slope soils. Biochar (BC) is widely used in slope remediation. However, biochar application may not be conducive to the formation of mechanical-stable soil aggregates, and the effects of biochar additions on the mechanical stability of soil aggregates in slope restoration remain largely unclear.

A comparison of the biomechanical properties of three different lumbar internal fixation methods in the treatment of lumbosacral spinal tuberculosis: finite element analysis.

There are various internal fixation methods in treating lumbosacral spinal tuberculosis. The study compared the stability and stress distribution in surrounding tissues/implants, such as discs, endplates and screw-rod internal fixation system, etc. when applying three different lumbar internal fixation methods to treat lumbosacral spinal tuberculosis.

MRI-based Endplate Bone Quality score independently predicts cage subsidence following transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

Background Context: Cage subsidence following transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) has closely correlated with poor vertebral bone quality. Studies have shown better predictive value for cage subsidence by measuring bone density at specific site. However, few studies have been performed to examine the relationship between site-specific MRI bone assessment and cage subsidence in patients who have undergone lumbar interbody fusion.

The Necessity or Not of Additional Endovascular Therapy to Medical Therapy for Symptomatic Intracranial Artery Stenosis: Insights from 30-Day and 1-Year Results.

Background: The optimal treatment between endovascular therapy and medical treatment for symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis is still unclear. This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of 2 treatments based on the results from currently published randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science were used for searching the RCTs evaluating the addition of endovascular therapy to medical therapy for treating symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis from the inception of these databases to September 30, 2022.

Dynamic Changes in the Global Transcriptome of Postnatal Skeletal Muscle in Different Sheep.

Sheep growth performance, mainly skeletal muscle growth, provides direct economic benefits to the animal husbandry industry. However, the underlying genetic mechanisms of different breeds remain unclear. We found that the cross-sectional area (CSA) of skeletal muscle in Dorper (D) and binary cross-breeding (HD) was higher than that in Hu sheep (H) from 3 months to 12 months after birth.

Supramolecular Strategy to Achieve Distinct Optical Characteristics and Boosted Chiroptical Enhancement Based on the Closed Conformation of Platinum(II) Complexes.

Synthesis of chiral molecules for understanding and revealing the expression, transfer, and amplification of chirality is beneficial to explore effective chiral medicines and high-performance chiroptical materials. Herein, we report a series of square-planar phosphorescent platinum(II) complexes adopting a dominantly closed conformation that exhibit efficient chiroptical transfer and enhancement due to the nonclassical intramolecular C-H···O or C-H···F hydrogen bonds between bipyridyl chelating and alkynyl auxiliary ligands as well as the intermolecular π-π stacking and metal-metal interactions. The spectroscopic and theoretical calculation results demonstrate that the chirality and optic properties are regulated from the molecular level to hierarchical assemblies.

Contribution of gut microbiota to drug-induced liver injury.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is caused by various drugs with complex pathogenesis, and diverse clinical and pathological phenotypes. Drugs damage the liver directly through drug hepatotoxicity, or indirectly through drug-mediated oxidative stress, immune injury and inflammatory insult, which eventually lead to hepatocyte necrosis. Recent studies have found that the composition, relative content and distribution of gut microbiota in patients and animal models of DILI have changed significantly.

Immunogenic response of recombinant pseudorabies virus carrying B646L and B602L genes of African swine fever virus in mice.

African swine fever (ASF) is an acute infectious disease that poses a high lethality risk to domestic pigs and wild boars, causing substantial economic losses to the global pig industry. The prevention and control of ASF remain challenging, necessitating the urgent development of a safe and effective vaccine. This study focused on the essential structural protein p72 of ASFV (encoded by the B646L gene) and its chaperone protein pB602L (encoded by the B602L gene) as the target antigenic proteins.

The First Ring Enlargement Induced Large Piezoelectric Response in a Polycrystalline Molecular Ferroelectric.

Inorganic ferroelectrics have long dominated research and applications, taking advantage of high piezoelectric performance in bulk polycrystalline ceramic forms. Molecular ferroelectrics have attracted growing interest because of their environmental friendliness, easy processing, lightweight, and good biocompatibility, while realizing the considerable piezoelectricity in their bulk polycrystalline forms remains a great challenge. Herein, for the first time, through ring enlargement, a molecular ferroelectric 1-azabicyclo[3.

Tomato LysM receptor kinase 4 mediates chitin-elicited fungal resistance in both leaves and fruit.

Fungal infection is a major cause of crop and fruit losses. Recognition of chitin, a component of fungal cell walls, endows plants with enhanced fungal resistance. Here, we found that mutation of tomato LysM receptor kinase 4 (SlLYK4) and chitin elicitor receptor kinase 1 (SlCERK1) impaired chitin-induced immune responses in tomato leaves.

A novel diarylethene-based fluorescence sensor for Zn detection and its application.

A series of fluorometric sensors of Zn have been synthesized due to the significant function of Zn in the human body and environment. However, most of probes reported for detecting Zn have high detection limit or low sensitivity. In this paper, an original Zn sensor, namely 1o, was synthesized by diarylethene and 2-aminobenzamide.

Nanocellulose-based hydrogels for drug delivery.

Hydrogels, as a class of three-dimensional (3D) polymer networks, are important candidates for drug delivery owing to their high porosity and hydrophilicity. Generally, clinical applications put forward various requirements for drug delivery systems (DDSs), such as low toxic side effects, high biocompatibility, targeting, controllable release, and high drug loading. In recent years, nanocellulose, including cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), has emerged as a promising material for hydrogel-based DDSs.

Incidence Rate, Pathogens and Economic Burden of Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection: A Single-Center, Retrospective Case-Control Study.

Purpose: Indwelling central venous catheters (CVCs) can cause catheter related bloodstream infection (CRBSI). CRBSI occurring in intensive care unit (ICU) patients may lead to the worse outcomes and extra medical costs. The present study aimed to assess the incidence and incidence density, pathogens and economic burden of CRBSI in ICU patients.

Laser Linewidth Analysis and Filtering/Fitting Algorithms for Improved TDLAS-Based Optical Gas Sensor.

Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) has been widely applied in in situ and real-time monitoring of trace gas concentrations. In this paper, an advanced TDLAS-based optical gas sensing system with laser linewidth analysis and filtering/fitting algorithms is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The linewidth of the laser pulse spectrum is innovatively considered and analyzed in the harmonic detection of the TDLAS model.

Elucidation of Geniposide and Crocin Accumulation and Their Biosysnthsis-Related Key Enzymes during Fruit Growth.

fruits are extensively grown worldwide, with a large harvest, and its major medicinal ingredients are geniposide and crocins. Research on their accumulation and biosynthsis-related enzymes is rare. In this study, the accumulation of geniposide and crocin of fruits at different developmental stages were clarified by HPLC.

Rapid Adaptation of Leaves to Crown-Thinning in Giant Panda Ecological Corridor, Niba Mountain.

Leaf traits reflect the ecological strategy in heterogeneous contexts and are widely used to explore the adaption of plant species to environmental change. However, the knowledge of short-term effect of canopy management on understorey plant leaf traits is still limited. Here, we studied the short-term effect of crown-thinning on the leaf morphological traits of bamboo (), an important understorey plant and staple food for the giant panda () of Niba Mountain.

Syntenin and CD63 Promote Exosome Biogenesis from the Plasma Membrane by Blocking Cargo Endocytosis.

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles important in health and disease. Syntenin is thought to drive the biogenesis of CD63 exosomes by recruiting Alix and the ESCRT machinery to endosomes, initiating an endosome-mediated pathway of exosome biogenesis. Contrary to this model, we show here that syntenin drives the biogenesis of CD63 exosomes by blocking CD63 endocytosis, thereby allowing CD63 to accumulate at the plasma membrane, the primary site of exosome biogenesis.

Chemogenetic activation of the HPC-mPFC pathway improves cognitive dysfunction in lipopolysaccharide -induced brain injury.

Although sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common psychiatric complication in septic patients, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we explored the role of the hippocampus (HPC) - medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) pathway in cognitive dysfunction in lipopolysaccharide-induced brain injury. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) was used to induce an animal model of SAE.

Dual-potential encoded electrochemiluminescence for multiplexed gene assay with one luminophore as tag.

Multiplexed gene assay for simultaneously detecting the multi-targets of nucleic acids is strongly anticipated for the accurate diseases diagnosis and prediction, and all commercial available gene assays for IVD are a kind of single-target assay. Herein, a dual-potential encoded and coreactant-free electrochemiluminescence (ECL) strategy is proposed for the multiplexed gene assay, which can be conveniently carried out by directly oxidizing the same luminescent tag of dual-stabilizers-capped CdTe nanocrystals (NCs). The CdTe NCs linked with sulfhydryl-RNA via Cd-S bond merely exhibits one ECL process around 0.

Intraoperative intravenous low-dose esketamine improves quality of early recovery after laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer: A prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Esketamine has higher potency, stronger receptor affinity, a stronger analgesic effect, a higher in vivo clearance rate, and a lower incidence of adverse reactions when compared to ketamine. However, there have been few ketamine studies to assess patient-centered, overall recovery outcomes from the perspective of patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods: This was a prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Bioinformatics analysis reveals the landscape of immune cell infiltration and novel immune-related biomarkers in moyamoya disease.

This study aimed to identify immune infiltration characteristics and new immunological diagnostic biomarkers in the cerebrovascular tissue of moyamoya disease (MMD) using bioinformatics analysis. GSE189993 and GSE141022 were downloaded from the GEO database. Differentially expressed gene and PPI analysis were performed.