Predictive Value of Preoperative Nutritional Risk Index for Screw Loosening After Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Elderly Patients With Lumbar Spine Diseases.

Objective: Pedicle screw loosening is one of the common complications in elderly patients undergoing transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) for lumbar spine disease. Malnutrition, prevalent among elderly patients, has been shown to be associated with increased complications. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) serves as a simple indicator of nutritional status.

Noninvasive imaging biomarker reveals invisible microscopic variation in acute ischaemic stroke (≤ 24 h): a multicentre retrospective study.

To develop and validate non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT)-based radiomics method combines machine learning (ML) to investigate invisible microscopic acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) lesions. We retrospectively analyzed 1122 patients from August 2015 to July 2022, whose were later confirmed AIS by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). However, receiving a negative result was reported by radiologists according to the NCCT images.

TCDD inhibits the proliferation of C17.2 cells through the activation of the c-Cbl/β-catenin signaling pathway.

2,3,7,8-tetrachlordibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) belongs to the category of persistent environmental pollutants, and gestational exposure to TCDD can lead to cognitive, memory, and motor deficits, as well as altered neuron development in rodents. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying TCDD's neurotoxicity remine unclear. Neural stem cells (NSCs) possess the capacity for self-renewal and can generate various cell types within the brain, playing fundamental roles in brain development and regeneration.

Getah virus triggers ROS-mediated autophagy in mouse Leydig cells.

Introduction: Getah virus (GETV) is a zoonotic virus transmitted via a mosquito-vertebrate cycle. While previous studies have explored the epidemiology and pathogenicity of GETV in various species, its molecular mechanisms remain largely unexplored.

Methods: This study investigated the impact of GETV infection and associated molecular mechanisms on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy levels in mouse Leydig cells both and .

Double Cross-linked Methacrylated Carboxymethyl Pea Starch Cryogels with Highly Compressive Elasticity and Hemostatic Function.

As an abundant renewable natural material, starch has attracted unprecedented interest in the biomedical field. Carboxylated starch particles have been investigated for topical hemostasis, but the powder may not provide physical protection or support for wounds. Here, we prepared macroporous cryogel sponges of methacrylated carboxymethyl starch (CM-ST-MA) containing a covalent and a calcium ionic double network.

Microbial protein production during fermentation of starch-rich legume flours using Aspergillus oryzae and Lactobacillus plantarum starter cultures.

Starch-rich faba bean, yellow lentil, and yellow field pea flours were subjected to submerged fermentation using Aspergillus oryzae and Lactobacillus plantarum starter mono- or co-cultures, to increase protein contents of the flours. Fermentation mixes were supplemented with up to 35 g/L urea, ammonium sulfate and/or monoammonium phosphate as nitrogen sources. Protein contents of the flours increased 2-2.

Diagnosis of Reverse-Connection Defects in High-Voltage Cable Cross-Bonded Grounding System Based on ARO-SVM.

High-voltage (HV) cables are increasingly used in urban power grids, and their safe operation is critical to grid stability. Previous studies have analyzed various defects, including the open circuit in the sheath loop, the flooding in the cross-bonded link box, and the sheath grounding fault. However, there is a paucity of research on the defect of the reverse direction between the inner core and the outer shield of the coaxial cable.

Assembly-foaming synthesis of hierarchically porous nitrogen-doped carbon supported single-atom iron catalysts for efficient oxygen reduction.

High-performance electrocatalysts are highly concerned in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) related energy applications. However, facile synthesis of hierarchically porous structures with highly exposed active sites and improved mass transfer is challenging. Herein, we develop a novel assembly-foaming strategy for synthesizing hierarchically porous nitrogen-doped carbon supported single-atom iron catalysts.

A Convenient and Highly Efficient Strategy for Esterification of Poly (γ-Glutamic Acid) with Alkyl Halides at Room Temperature.

The presented work discusses the highly efficient esterification of poly (γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) with alkyl halides at room temperature. The esterification reaction was completed within 3 h, and the prepared γ-PGA esters were obtained with excellent yields (98.6%) when 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine (TMG) was used as a promoter.

High-temperature field-free superconducting diode effect in high-T cuprates.

The superconducting diode effect (SDE) is defined by the difference in the magnitude of critical currents applied in opposite directions. It has been observed in various superconducting systems and attracted high research interests. However, the operating temperature of the SDE is typically low and/or the sample structure is rather complex.

MRI-based endplate bone quality scores outperform vertebral bone quality scores in predicting adjacent segment disease following transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

Purpose: This study aims to (1) evaluate whether the endplate bone quality (EBQ) scores can independently predict adjacent segment disease (ASD); and (2) judge the predictive value of EBQ compared to vertebral bone quality (VBQ) for ASD after single-level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).

Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted of patients undergoing single-level TLIF for degenerative spinal disease from 2014 to 2020. Demographic, surgery, and radiographic data were collected.

Ten-day vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy versus 14-day esomeprazole-amoxicillin dual therapy for first-line eradication: a prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: The efficacy of the 14-day esomeprazole-amoxicillin (EA) dual therapy in eradicating () has been widely discussed previously. Vonoprazan, a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker, presents rapid, potent, and long-lasting acid inhibitory effects compared to esomeprazole. However, there is currently a scarcity of direct comparisons between the 10-day vonoprazan-amoxicillin (VA) and the 14-day EA dual therapy for eradication.

Secondary Prophylaxis of Cirrhotic Gastric Variceal Bleeding: Addition of Non-Selective Beta-Blockers to Endoscopic Combined Treatment.

Background: It remains unclear whether the addition of non-selective beta-blockers (NSBB) provides further benefit after combined use of tissue adhesive and endoscopic variceal ligation for bleeding gastroesophageal varices.

Objective: This is the first cohort study comparing the secondary prophylactic efficacy of adding NSBB to combined endoscopic treatment in cirrhotic patients with gastric varices (without inclusion of isolated gastric varices [IGVs], which are rare in patients with cirrhosis without splanchnic thrombosis).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed two matched large cohorts of cirrhotic patients with gastric varices who received combined endoscopic treatment and were assigned to receive NSBB treatment or not as secondary prophylaxis.

Barriers and facilitators to participation in electronic health interventions in older adults with cognitive impairment: an umbrella review.

Background: Research increasingly supports the role of electronic health technology in improving cognitive function. However, individuals with mild cognitive impairment or dementia often show low compliance with electronic health technology. To understand the barriers and facilitators for this group, this study was conducted.

Modeling craniopharyngioma for drug screening reveals a neuronal mechanism for tumor growth.

Tumors occurring along the hypothalamus-pituitary axis receive axonal projection from neuroendocrine neurons, but it remains unclear whether neuroendocrine neuronal activity drives tumor expansion. Craniopharyngioma is a common suprasellar tumor with a propensity for invading the hypothalamus, leading to devastating endocrine and metabolic disorders. Here, we developed two autochthonous animal models that faithfully recapitulate the molecular pathology, clinical manifestations, and transcriptomic profiles of papillary craniopharyngioma.

S1 Vertebral Bone Quality Score Independently Predicts Proximal Junctional Kyphosis After Posterior Hemivertebra Resection With Transpedicular Instrumentation.

Objective: Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) is a prevalent postoperative complication after posterior hemivertebra (HV) resection. Previous research has demonstrated a strong correlation between the development of PJK and reduced bone mineral density. The vertebral bone quality (VBQ) score, derived from magnetic resonance imaging, is considered a predictive and evaluative tool for bone mineral density.

Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire.

Aim: Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) as a cognitive process in multiple mental disorders is a key risk factor for mental disorders. It is associated with the development and maintenance of the illness. The perseverative thinking questionnaire (PTQ) is an instrument to evaluate RNT with excellent reliability and validity.

Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation alleviates NLRP3-related neuroinflammation induced by ischemic stroke via regulation of the Nespas/miR-383-3p/SHP2 pathway.

Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation (tFUS) has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for mitigating brain injury in animal models. In this study, the effects and mechanisms of tFUS on ischemic stroke were explored in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model. Low-intensity tFUS was administered to the ischemic hemisphere 24 h post-MCAO for seven consecutive days.

Association of motoric cognitive risk syndrome with depression in older adults: a meta-analysis and systematic review of cross-sectional and cohort studies.

Background: In an aging society, depression has become a public health challenge that can lead to many adverse health outcomes; evidence addressing the link between depression and motor cognitive risk syndrome (MCR, a novel syndrome that effectively predicts dementia) is still lacking.

Methods: A PRISMA checklist was used to systematically review the relevant peer-reviewed literature for the primary data analysis. A computer search of CNKI, Wan Fang Data, CBM, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Ovid databases, all from creation to March 15, 2023.

Novel hydrothermal modification to alter functionality and reduce glycemic response of pea starch.

Despite being an effective and clean-label method, heat-moisture treatment (HMT) is not commonly used for starch modification in industry due to the difficulty of scale-up. This study aimed to develop a novel method of using extrusion combined with high-temperature drying (EHTD) as an alternative to HMT for starch modification. Pea starch was subjected to extrusion at 37.