Characterization of diffuse lung function in children with pneumonia.

Background: infection accounts for a high proportion of community-acquired pneumonia and the incidence rate of severe pneumonia (MPP) has increased year by year. This study investigated the changes in lung diffusion function after infection, compared the lung diffusion and ventilation function of children with mild (MMPP) or severe pneumonia (SMPP) infections, and explored their clinical significance.

Objective: To study the changes in pulmonary ventilation and pulmonary diffusion function in children with MPP, and explore their clinical significance.

Metabolism of isodecyl diphenyl phosphate in rice and microbiome system: Differential metabolic pathways and underlying mechanisms.

Isodecyl diphenyl phosphate (IDDP) is among the emerging aromatic organophosphate esters (aryl-OPEs) that pose risks to both human beings and other organisms. This study aims to investigate the translocation and biotransformation behavior of IDDP in rice and the rhizosphere microbiome through hydroponic exposure (the duration of hydroponic exposure was 10 days). The rhizosphere microbiome 9-FY was found to efficiently eliminate IDDP, thereby reducing its uptake in rice tissues and mitigating the negative impact of IDDP on rice growth.

Pre-operative MRI in evaluating pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer: a study focused on influencing factors of baseline clinical-pathological and imaging features.

Purpose: To investigate what pre-treatment clinical-pathological features and MRI characteristics influence the performance of breast MRI in assessing the pathologic complete response (pCR) of breast cancer patients to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NAC).

Methods: A total of 225 patients with pathologically-confirmed breast cancer who underwent pre- and post-NAC breast MRI between January 2020 and April 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were categorized into radiologic complete response (rCR) and non-rCR groups based on pre-operative MRI.

Quantitative characterization of breast lesions and normal fibroglandular tissue using compartmentalized diffusion-weighted model: comparison of intravoxel incoherent motion and restriction spectrum imaging.

Background: To compare the compartmentalized diffusion-weighted models, intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and restriction spectrum imaging (RSI), in characterizing breast lesions and normal fibroglandular tissue.

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 152 patients with 157 histopathologically verified breast lesions (41 benign and 116 malignant). All patients underwent a full-protocol preoperative breast MRI, including a multi-b-value DWI sequence.

Climate change drove the route shift of the ancient Silk Road in two distinct ways.

Although climate change has convincingly been linked to the evolution of human civilization on different temporal scales, its role in influencing the spatial patterns of ancient civilizations has rarely been investigated. The northward shift of the ancient Silk Road (SR) route from the Tarim Basin (TB) to the Junggar Basin during ∼420-850 CE provides the opportunity to investigate the relationship between climate change and the spatial evolution of human societies. Here, we use a new high-resolution chironomid-based temperature reconstruction from arid China, combined with hydroclimatic and historical datasets, to assess the possible effects of climate fluctuations on the shift of the ancient SR route.

Radiomics analysis based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for differentiating early stage of cervical cancer.

Objective: To investigate the performance of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics models in differentiating early stage of cervical cancer (Stage I-IIa vs. IIb-IV).

Methods: One hundred patients with cervical cancer who underwent preoperative MRI between June 2020 and March 2022 were retrospectively enrolled.

Comparison of continuous-time random walk and fractional order calculus models in characterizing breast lesions using histogram analysis.

Objective: To compare the diagnostic performance of different mathematical models for DWI and explore whether parameters reflecting spatial and temporal heterogeneity can demonstrate better diagnostic accuracy than the diffusion coefficient parameter in distinguishing benign and malignant breast lesions, using whole-tumor histogram analysis.

Methods: This retrospective study was approved by the institutional ethics committee and included 104 malignant and 42 benign cases. All patients underwent breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a 3.

Emergency hybrid surgery for transection of pancreas at the head and neck after blunt abdominal trauma: A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: A complete disruption of main pancreatic duct (MPD) presents a significant challenge to the surgeon. Historically, the standard surgical approach for addressing a complete disruption of the MPD involved distal pancreatic resection and pancreaticojejunostomy Roux-en-Y anastomosis. Nevertheless, there have been no reported cases of hybrid surgery being employed for the complete disruption of the MPD.

Platelet-rich gel versus external tissue expansion technique in treating scalp defects: A retrospective study.

Reconstruction of scalp defects is a complicated and challenging procedure for reconstructive surgeons. This retrospective observational study assessed the effectiveness of using platelet-rich gel (PRG) versus the external tissue expansion technique (TET) in reconstructing scalp defects. The clinical data of 24 patients with scalp defects treated with PRG or external TET were collected from September 2018 to March 2022.

Epidemiology of asthma exacerbation in children before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective study in Chengdu, China.

Purpose: To examine the numbers and characteristics of children affected by asthma exacerbation in Chengdu, China, before and after the COVID-19 pandemic to inform efforts to manage childhood asthma in the post epidemic era.

Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from children admitted for asthma exacerbation to Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital between January 2017 and December 2022. Rates of hospitalization, ages of the affected children, comorbidities and infections, and relationships between hospitalization and seasonal or environmental factors were examined before and after the epidemic.

Role of combined clinical-radiomics model based on contrast-enhanced MRI in predicting the malignancy of breast non-mass enhancements without an additional diffusion-weighted imaging sequence.

Background: In our previous study, we developed a combined diagnostic model based on time-intensity curve (TIC) types and radiomics signature on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) for non-mass enhancement (NME). The model had a high diagnostic ability for differentiation without the additional diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequence. In this study, we aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of the combined clinical-radiomics model based on CE-MRI and DWI in discriminating Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) 4 NME breast lesions, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and invasive carcinoma.

Voriconazole-Induced Hepatotoxicity in a Patient with Pulmonary Aspergillosis: A Case Report.

Voriconazole is the therapy of choice for aspergillosis. However, hepatotoxicity is the most common reason for the discontinuation of voriconazole. In contrast, posaconazole is well tolerated, with a low incidence of hepatotoxicity.

Bacterial Colonization in the Airways and Intestines of Twin and Singleton Preterm Neonates: A Single-Center Study.

Limited studies have investigated the microbial colonization of the airways and intestines in preterm neonates. We studied the composition of intestinal and airway bacterial colonies in several preterm twin pairs and singletons to explore the dominant bacteria, assess their variability, and predict their phenotypic and metabolic functions. In this descriptive study, we collected sputum and fetal stool specimens from 10 twin pairs (20 cases) and 20 singleton preterm neonates.

Effectiveness of sublingual immunotherapy with house dust mite drops in asthmatic children at different ages.

Background: Respiratory allergies in children, such as asthma and rhinitis, are becoming progressively common every year. Recent studies found that pediatric patients with asthma receiving regular medication and specific immunotherapy (SIT) had improved therapeutic outcomes in a wide age range. However, there are few studies that have examined the effectiveness of SIT treatment in children with allergic asthma at different ages in terms of the degree of asthma control, improvements in lung function, and changes in exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO).

Changes in the liver of Tinca tinca under successive domestication using an integrated multi-omics approach.

Domestication is the process of modifying the phenotype of a population through anthropic selection from human perspectives. Successive generations of domestication have influenced the physiological characteristics of tench Tinca tinca. In current study, we investigated gene and protein expression alterations in the liver of fifth-generation (F5).

Histogram analysis of multi-model high-resolution diffusion-weighted MRI in breast cancer: correlations with molecular prognostic factors and subtypes.

Objective: To investigate the correlations between quantitative diffusion parameters and prognostic factors and molecular subtypes of breast cancer, based on a single fast high-resolution diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequence with mono-exponential (Mono), intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) models.

Materials And Methods: A total of 143 patients with histopathologically verified breast cancer were included in this retrospective study. The multi-model DWI-derived parameters were quantitatively measured, including Mono-ADC, IVIM-, IVIM-, IVIM-, DKI-Dapp, and DKI-Kapp.

A pilot study exploring the association of bronchial bacterial microbiota and recurrent wheezing in infants with atopy.

Background: Differences in bronchial microbiota composition have been found to be associated with asthma; however, it is still unclear whether these findings can be applied to recurrent wheezing in infants especially with aeroallergen sensitization.

Objectives: To determine the pathogenesis of atopic wheezing in infants and to identify diagnostic biomarkers, we analyzed the bronchial bacterial microbiota of infants with recurrent wheezing and with or without atopic diseases using a systems biology approach.

Methods: Bacterial communities in bronchoalveolar lavage samples from 15 atopic wheezing infants, 15 non-atopic wheezing infants, and 18 foreign body aspiration control infants were characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Primary angiosarcoma of the breast: Two case reports and brief review of the literature.

Angiosarcoma is a rare but very aggressive tumor. It occurs in all organs of the body, and approximately 8% of all angiosarcomas arise in the breast. We reported 2 cases of primary breast angiosarcomas in young women.

Histogram analysis of breast diffusion kurtosis imaging: a comparison between readout-segmented and single-shot echo-planar imaging sequence.

Background: Histogram analysis of the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) parameters is widely used to differentiate the breast lesions. However, histogram analysis of the diffusion-kurtosis imaging (DKI) parameters for the single-shot echo-planar imaging (ss-EPI) and readout-segmented echo planar imaging (rs-EPI) sequences has not been compared in breast cancer. Thus, this study is to investigate the diagnostic accuracy and reliability of the histogram parameters derived from the rs-EPI and ss-EPI sequences of DKI parameters in distinguishing between the benign and malignant breast lesions.

Intraobserver and Interobserver Reproducibility of Breast Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Quantitative Parameters: Readout-Segmented vs. Single-Shot Echo-Planar Imaging.

Background: The recommended technique for breast diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) acquisitions is not sufficiently standardized in clinical practice.

Purpose: To investigate the intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility of DWI measurements, diffusion-kurtosis imaging (DKI) parameters, and image quality evaluation in breast lesions between single-shot echo-planar imaging (ss-EPI) and readout-segmented echo-planar imaging (rs-EPI).

Study Type: Prospective.

Surgical management of duodenal injury: experience from 92 cases.

Purpose: Duodenal injury increases with traffic accidents, and delayed diagnosis or inappropriate operation increase mortality and complications. This study aimed to explore early recognition and timely surgical intervention.

Methods: All patients with duodenal injuries treated operatively during the past 10 years were reviewed, and the data were analyzed retrospectively regarding the mechanism of injury, diagnostic and therapeutic methods, and outcome.