Association of 24-Hour movement behavior and cognitive function in older Taiwanese adults.

Objectives: This study investigates how 24-hour movement behaviors (physical activity, sedentary time, sleep) relate to cognitive performance in older adults.

Methods: 213 adults (aged 65+) wore accelerometers to track activity. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Social role of the 'Bow-Wow Patrol' in urban areas of Japan: a qualitative study.

The 'Bow-Wow Patrol (BWP)', established to avert local crime by encouraging dog walking, may help build social relationships among individuals through dog walking. However, details of its social influence remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the social roles of BWP in the urban areas of Japan.

Appropriately Addressing Too Much Sitting as a Public Health Issue: Content Analysis of Coverage in the Five Major National Japanese Newspapers.

Recent international public health guidelines now address reducing and breaking up time spent sitting (sedentary behavior). Japanese people spend considerable time sitting in workplaces and other contexts. With potential future public health guidelines in Japan, there is the need for greater public awareness of the importance of reducing sedentary time and of practical ways to do so.

Association of Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acid Intake with Low Birth Weight in the Second Trimester: The Japan Pregnancy Eating and Activity Cohort Study.

This study examined the association of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake during the second trimester with low birth weight (LBW) in pregnant Japanese women and was conducted in conjunction with the Japan Pregnancy Eating and Activity Cohort (J-PEACH) study. The study included 504 pregnant women from four Japanese sites. During the second trimester (14-27 weeks), the participants filled out a self-administered questionnaire assessing the frequency of DHA and EPA supplement intake in the past month, as well as a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ).

Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of urinary incontinence in Japanese women: A web-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Epidemiological studies on urinary incontinence that used a validated international standard questionnaire are limited in Japan, and few studies have examined the sociodemographic and behavioral correlates of urinary incontinence.

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of urinary incontinence according to the Japanese version of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form, and its sociodemographic and behavioral correlates among Japanese women.

Design: A web-based cross-sectional study.

Neighborhood socioeconomic status and cardiometabolic risk: mediating roles of domain-specific physical activities and sedentary behaviors.

Purpose: We examined the potential mediating roles of domain-specific physical activities and sedentary behaviors in the relationship between area-level socioeconomic status (SES) and cardiometabolic risk.

Methods: Data were from the 2011/2012 Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study (n = 3431). The outcome was a clustered cardiometabolic risk (CCR) score, and the exposure was suburb-level SES.

Diurnal pattern of breaks in sedentary time and the physical function of older adults.

Background: The association of breaks in sedentary time with outcomes of physical function can vary according to the time of day. We examined the association of the diurnal pattern of breaks in sedentary time with physical function outcomes in older adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 115 older adults (≥60 years).

Sedentary behaviour and sleep quality.

High-quality sleep is an important factor in sustaining health and improving well-being. Previous evidence has demonstrated the positive associations between increased physical activity and reduced sedentary behaviour (SB) with sleep quality. The substitutional relationships between SB, light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) need to be considered when examining how a particular behaviour may impact sleep quality.

Physical therapist-delivered acceptance and commitment therapy and exercise for older outpatients with knee osteoarthritis: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

[Purpose] In this pilot study, we investigated the effectiveness of physical therapist-delivered acceptance and commitment therapy in older outpatients with knee osteoarthritis and chronic pain. [Participants and Methods] This single-center, open-label, parallel-group pilot randomized controlled trial included 30 patients assigned to the physical therapist-delivered acceptance and commitment therapy group (n=15) and the usual care physical therapy-only group (n=15). Both treatments were administered once a week for 8 weeks.

The relationships between parents' and children's screen times on body mass index: a cross-sectional path analysis.

Background: Understanding factors contributing to an individual reducing screen time is essential for promoting a healthy weight. Parents' behavior affects children by influencing their daily decision-making through modeling, rules or restrictions, social support, and co-participation. We examined how the direct and indirect effects of parents' and children's behaviors regarding screen time influenced body mass index (BMI) among Japanese elementary school children.

Correlates of domain-specific sedentary behaviors and objectively assessed sedentary time among elementary school children.

Understanding the correlates of sedentary behavior among children is essential in developing effective interventions to reduce sitting time in this vulnerable population. This study aimed to identify correlates of domain-specific sedentary behaviors and objectively assessed sedentary time among a sample of children in Japan. Data from 343 children (aged 6-12 years) living in Japan were used.

Timing and intensity of physical activity and late sleeping habits among children in Japan.

Background: Little is known about what timing and intensity of physical activity (PA) are beneficial to preventing children's late sleeping habits. We investigated the association between timing and intensity of PA and late sleeping habits among Japanese children.

Methods: The amount of PA on a weekday (light (>1.

Differences in Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Between Middle-Aged Men and Women in Japan: A Compositional Data Analysis.

Background: Differences in accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior and different physical activity (PA) intensities between men and women have been poorly described. The authors examined gender differences in time-use activity composition and total volume of PA.

Methods: A cross-sectional mail survey was conducted from 2013 to 2015 with a randomized sample of 6000 middle-aged (40-64 y) community-dwelling Japanese adults living in urban and regional cities.

Associations between neighbourhood street connectivity and sedentary behaviours in Canadian adults: Findings from Alberta's Tomorrow Project.

Evidence suggests that neighbourhood street connectivity is positively associated with physical activity, yet few studies have estimated its associations with sedentary behaviour. We estimated the associations between space syntax derived street integration, a novel measure of street connectivity, and sedentary behaviours among Canadian adults. Data were sourced from a population-based study-Alberta's Tomorrow Project (n = 14,758).

Linear and non-linear associations of device-measured sedentary time with older adults' skeletal muscle mass.

Background: Time spent sitting is associated adversely with health outcomes in older adults. Nevertheless, it is not clear how sedentary time may be related to appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) - a key attribute of sarcopenia. This cross-sectional study examined associations of total sedentary time with ASM among community-dwelling older Japanese males and females.

Associations of public open space attributes with active and sedentary behaviors in dense urban areas: A systematic review of observational studies.

In the context of rapid urbanization, public open spaces in dense urban areas are critical built environment elements to support active lifestyles. Several reviews have explored the associations of public open space attributes with physically active and sedentary behavior. However, few reviews have included studies from Asia, and no studies have focused on dense urban areas.

Psychological inflexibility and physical disability in older patients with chronic low back pain and knee pain.

This study examined the associations between psychological inflexibility (PI) and physical disability (PD) among older patients with chronic low back and knee pain. Pain avoidance and cognitive fusion were assessed in outpatients as components of PI and PD, and sociodemographic and pain-related variables were used as covariates. Hierarchical multiple linear regression was used.

Daily behavioral and sleep patterns are associated with aging-induced male-specific disorders in individuals with reduced renal function.

Background: The development of aging-induced male-specific disorders is accelerated by impaired renal function. Although aging-induced male-specific disorders are clinically serious complications in individuals with reduced renal function, their practical management strategies remain obscure. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between daily behavioral and sleep patterns and aging-induced male-specific disorders in individuals with reduced renal function.

Workplace neighbourhood built-environment attributes and sitting at work and for transport among Japanese desk-based workers.

Workplace settings-both internal and external-can influence how workers are physically active or sedentary. Although research has identified some indoor environmental attributes associated with sitting at work, few studies have examined associations of workplace neighbourhood built-environment attributes with workplace sitting time. We examined the cross-sectional associations of perceived and objective workplace neighbourhood built-environment attributes with sitting time at work and for transport among desk-based workers in Japan.

Sedentary Behavior and Happiness: The Mediation Effects of Social Capital.

Background And Objectives: This study aimed to examine the associations between time spent in 6 different domains of sedentary behavior and happiness and whether social capital mediated such associations among adults and older adults living in a rural area of Japan.

Research Design And Methods: Cross-sectional data from 3,357 participants (mean age: 60 ± 16 years) were used. 6 domains of sedentary behavior, happiness, and social capital were assessed using a self-report questionnaire.

Sedentary behavior and estimated nephron number in middle-aged and older adults with or without chronic kidney disease.

Background: Excessive sedentary behavior may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The nephron index is a novel methodology for non-invasively estimating the number of functional nephrons, under the assumption that serum fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) concentrations should correlate with phosphate excretion per nephron. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cross-sectional associations between daily sedentary time and the nephron index in middle-aged and older adults with or without CKD.

Replacing sedentary time for physical activity on bone density in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Introduction: This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional associations of sedentary time and physical activity time with bone density in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The isotemporal substitution (IS) modeling was used to estimate the beneficial effects of behavioral changes (e.g.

Domain-Specific Active and Sedentary Behaviors in Relation to Workers' Presenteeism and Absenteeism.

Objectives: To examine the associations between domain-specific sedentary and active behaviors and workers' presenteeism and absenteeism in a sample of company employees.

Methods: This study recruited participants (n = 2466) from a nationwide online survey database (Japan, 2019). Participants completed a questionnaire that captured data on relative and absolute presenteeism and absenteeism and domain-specific physical activity and sedentary behaviors.