Folate-/FAD-dependent tRNA methyltransferase from Thermus thermophilus regulates other modifications in tRNA at low temperatures.

TrmFO is a N(5) , N(10) -methylenetetrahydrofolate (CH2 THF)-/FAD-dependent tRNA methyltransferase, which synthesizes 5-methyluridine at position 54 (m(5) U54) in tRNA. Thermus thermophilus is an extreme-thermophilic eubacterium, which grows in a wide range of temperatures (50-83 °C). In T.

In vitro dihydrouridine formation by tRNA dihydrouridine synthase from Thermus thermophilus, an extreme-thermophilic eubacterium.

Dihydrouridine (D) is formed by tRNA dihydrouridine synthases (Dus). In mesophiles, multiple Dus enzymes bring about D modifications at several positions in tRNA. The extreme-thermophilic eubacterium Thermus thermophilus, in contrast, has only one dus gene in its genome and only two D modifications (D20 and D20a) in tRNA have been identified.

Substrate tRNA recognition mechanism of eubacterial tRNA (m1A58) methyltransferase (TrmI).

TrmI generates N(1)-methyladenosine at position 58 (m(1)A58) in tRNA. The Thermus thermophilus tRNA(Phe) transcript was methylated efficiently by T. thermophilus TrmI, whereas the yeast tRNA(Phe) transcript was poorly methylated.

Improved solid-phase DNA probe method for tRNA purification: large-scale preparation and alteration of DNA fixation.

The solid-phase DNA probe method, in which a target transfer RNA (tRNA) is hybridized with a complementary DNA oligomer, is generally used for tRNA purification. However, purification of tRNAs from thermophiles by this method is not easy because of their high melting temperatures. To overcome this problem, the use of tetraalkylammonium salts was previously reported [Yokogawa, T.