Branched-Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) Oligopeptide Determination from Whey Proteins: Preparation, Peptide Profiles, and Anti-Fatigue Activity.

Whey proteins have anti-fatigue activity, but there are few studies that have reported the ameliorative effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) oligopeptides from whey proteins on fatigue in mice. The purposes of this study were to establish a process for the preparation of BCAA oligopeptides from whey protein and to investigate the anti-fatigue activity of BCAA oligopeptides. Whey proteins were hydrolyzed by trypsin and flavourzyme and purified by ethanol precipitation and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC).

Structural changes in the retina and choroid in patients with different degrees of myopia.

To observe the structural changes of retina and choroid in patients with different degrees of myopia. We recruited 219 subjects with different degrees of myopia for best corrected visual acuity, computer refraction, intraocular pressure, axial length (AL), optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, and other examinations. Central macular retinal thickness (CRT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), nasal retinal thickness (NRT), temporal retinal thickness (TRT), nasal choroidal thickness (NCT) and temporal choroidal thickness (TCT) were measured by optical coherence tomography.

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity evaluation of pyrazole derivatives containing imidazothiadiazole moiety.

Aim: The purpose of this work was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of pyrazole derivatives (21a - i and 23a - o) synthesized.

Materials & Methods: The pyrazole derivatives were synthesized, molecular docked and tested for their antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, and hemolysis rate.

Results: Most of the target compounds showed high selective inhibitory activity against multi-drug resistance compared with other strains.

Comparison of treatment models for single primary advanced gallbladder cancer.

Purpose: Treatment for advanced gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains controversial, with various recommendations regarding the choice and combination of surgery and adjuvant therapy. The present article is targeting for the exploration of optimal treatment models for advanced GBC.

Methods: AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition) stage III and stage IV GBC, were defined as advanced GBC.

Liver transplantation in a child with sclerosing cholangitis due to Langerhans cell histiocytosis: a case report.

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a systemic neoplasia with diverse clinical manifestations, predominantly affecting bone and skin. However, in children, LCH presenting primarily with cholestasis is rare.

Case Summary: We present the case of a 22-month-old boy who was admitted to our hospital with a history of intermittent fever and abdominal distension for over 2 months, and jaundice for over 1 month.

A general optimization framework for nanofabrication using shadow sphere Lithography: A case study on chiral nanohole arrays.

Shadow sphere lithography (SSL) offers unparalleled advantages in fabricating complex nanostructures, yet optimizing these structures remains challenging due to vast parameter spaces. This study presents a general optimization framework for SSL-fabricated nanostructures, demonstrated through chiral metamaterials. The approach combines a custom SSL program, a novel mathematical model for eliminating redundant structures, and machine learning (ML) analysis of finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations.

Comprehensive evaluation of clinical outcomes in hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma subsets: insights from SEER Database and departmental cohort analysis.

Background: Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE), is an uncommon, intermediate-grade malignant vascular tumor that can manifest in diverse organs, including the liver, lungs, and bones. Given its unique malignancy profile and rarity, there lacks a consensus on a standardized treatment protocol for EHE, particularly for hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE). This study aims to elucidate factors influencing the clinical prognosis of EHE by analyzing data from the SEER database, complemented with insights from a departmental cohort of 9 HEHE cases.

Passion fruit peel-derived low-methoxyl pectin: De-esterification methods and application as a fat substitute in set yogurt.

Passion fruit pectin, originally high methoxyl pectin, undergoes substantial conversion into low methoxyl pectin (LMP) through de-esterification. This de-esterification is significance for reducing the application of sugar in food, as calcium ions can replace excessive sugar during gel formation. In this study, LMPs derived from passion fruit pectin were prepared using four methods: low-temperature alkali, room temperature alkali, enzymatic, and dielectric barrier discharge plasma (DBD)-assisted enzyme (DBDE).

Thermal control materials of carbon/SiO composites with a honeycomb structure.

Anisotropic composite thermal control materials show efficient thermal management ability, which can not only improve the heat flow in the direction of high thermal conductivity and prevent local overheating, but also reduce the heat flow in the direction of the low thermal conductivity and improve thermal insulation. In this paper, the anisotropic microstructure of natural wood ( poplar) was used as a reference template. The filling of the SiO aerogel into the multi-layer pore structure and microtubule structure originally occupied by lignin was controlled by the process of the axial self-adsorption, limited sol-gel and natural drying.

Association of modifiable risk factors and infectious diseases among individuals with hypertension: a prospective cohort study.

Background: A comprehensive assessment of combined modifiable risk factors in relation to infectious diseases among individuals with hypertension is lacking, and the potential mechanisms of these associations remain unclear. To investigate the prospective associations of a combination of lifestyle behaviors and cardiometabolic factors with the risk of infectious diseases among individuals with hypertension and to estimate whether and to what extent blood biomarkers mediate these associations.

Methods: This cohort study included 147,188 participants with hypertension and complete data on modifiable risk factors from the UK Biobank.

Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with ES-SCLC: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of RCTs and RWSs.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in the treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis that included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and real-world studies (RWS).

Methods: By scanning PubMed, Web of science, Embase, and other relevant clinical information public databases, nine RCTs and eight RWSs involving 5205 patients were included in the study. We directly compared the differences between chemotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy, and determined the optimal treatment strategy through network meta-analysis (NMA).

Versatile Peroxide Route-Based Kinetics-Controlled Coating Method to Construct Uniform Alkali Metal-Containing Fast Ionic Conductor Nanoshells.

Constructing a uniform coating of alkali metal-containing fast ionic conductors is crucial for realizing multifunctional responses and functionalities. However, the uncontrolled coprecipitation of alkali and transition metal ions, stemming from their significant difference in reactivity, poses a significant challenge in pursuing homogeneous and continuous nanoshells for fast ionic conductors. Here, we report a versatile peroxide-based kinetics-controlled coating approach for constructing alkali metal-containing fast ionic conductors using LiNbO as a proof-of-concept.

Spontaneous separation of attractive chiral mixtures.

The separation of chiral matter has garnered significant attention due to its wide-ranging applications in biological and chemical processes. In prior researches, particle interactions were predominantly repulsive, but the indiscriminate attraction among particles under attractive interactions makes the separation of mixtures more difficult. The question of whether chiral mixed particles, characterized by attractive effects, can undergo spontaneous separation, remains unresolved.

Efficient Model Updating of a Prefabricated Tall Building by a DNN Method.

The significance of model updating methods is becoming increasingly evident as the demand for greater precision in numerical models rises. In recent years, with the advancement of deep learning technology, model updating methods based on various deep learning algorithms have begun to emerge. These methods tend to be complicated in terms of methodological architectures and mathematical processes.

Swiss roll nanoarrays for chiral plasmonic photocatalysis.

Manipulating the chirality at nanoscale has drawn great attention among scientists, considering its pivotal role in various applications of current interest, including nano-optics, biomedicine, and photocatalysis. In this work, we delve into this arena by fabricating chiral Swiss roll nanoarray (SRNA) continuous films employing colloidal lithography. The technique permits the dimension of Swiss roll metamaterials to reduce to nanoscale, thus achieving chiroptical response (circular dichroism (CD)) in the visible region.

Associations of ambient air pollution with incidence and dynamic progression of atrial fibrillation.

The influence of air pollution on dynamic changes in clinical state from healthy to atrial fibrillation (AF), further AF-related complications and ultimately, death are unclear. We aimed to investigate the relationships between air pollution and the occurrence and progression trajectories of AF. We retrieved 442,150 participants free of heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and dementia at baseline from UK Biobank.

Mechanism of the impacts of older adults social participation on their health.

Purpose: Against the background of population aging challenges in China, focusing on health, security, and social participation as core elements of positive aging, this study aims to formulate strategies for promoting the health of the older adults and reveal the pathways and trends of social participation in promoting health.

Method: The study analyzed 1,015 randomly selected older adults individuals living at home in Beijing using household survey questionnaires. Drawing on group dynamics theory and structural equation modeling, the study proposed hypotheses regarding the relationships between social participation, group cohesion, and health status.

Quality characterization of tobacco flavor and tobacco leaf position identification based on homemade electronic nose.

A set of nine unique tobacco extract samples was analyzed using a self-developed electronic nose (E-nose) system, a commercial E-nose, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The evaluation employed principal component analysis, statistical quality control, and soft independent modeling of class analogies (SIMCA). These multifaceted statistical methods scrutinized the collected data.

Cerebrovascular events and thrombolysis in pulmonary embolism-induced cardiac arrest: a case series and key challenges.

Background And Purpose: Cerebrovascular events during thrombolysis in cardiac arrest (CA) caused by pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening condition. However, the balance between cerebrovascular events and thrombolytic therapy in PE-induced CA remains a great challenge.

Methods: In this study, we reported three unique cases regarding main concerns surrounding cerebrovascular events in thrombolytic therapy in PE-induced CA.

[Application of discrete element method (DEM) in pharmaceutical process of solid traditional Chinese medicine preparations].

In recent years, the application of numerical simulation in the research and development(R&D) as well as the pharmaceutical processes of new drugs has expanded considerably. The discrete element method(DEM), an important approach among numerical simulation methods, offers an effective tool for the simulation of discontinuous media. Referring to the research progress of DEM and the formulation of solid traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) preparations in recent years, this paper summarizes and analyzes the application of DEM in the pharmaceutical processes of solid TCM preparations, and discusses the challenges of its application in these processes, in order to provide new methods and ideas for promoting the high-quality production of TCM preparations.

Rotational inertia-induced glassy transition in chiral particle systems.

The dense active matter exhibits characteristics reminiscent of traditional glassy phenomena, yet the role of rotational inertia in glass dynamics remains elusive. In this study, we investigate the glass dynamics of chiral active particles influenced by rotational inertia. Rotational inertia endows exponential memory to particle orientation, restricting its alteration and amplifying the effective persistence time.

Temperature-Responsive Formation Cycling Enabling LiF-Rich Cathode-Electrolyte Interphase.

Formation of LiF-rich cathode-electrolyte interphase is highly desirable for wide-temperature battery, but its application is hindered by the unwanted side reactions associated with conventional method of introducing fluorinated additives. Here, we developed an additive-free strategy to produce LiF-rich cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) by low-temperature formation cycling. Using LiNiMnCoO as a model cathode, the atomic ratio of LiF in the CEI formed at -5 °C is about 17.