Comparison of culture and PCR-DGGE methods to evaluate the airways of cystic fibrosis patients and determination of their antibiotic resistance profile.

Background And Objectives: Respiratory infections are the most serious condition in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients; therefore, a thorough comprehension of the diversity and dominant microbial species in CF airways has a crucial role in treatment. Our objective was to determine the antibiotic resistance profile of CF airways microbiota and compare culture methods and PCR-DGGE to evaluate bacterial diversity.

Materials And Methods: Pharyngeal swabs from 121 CF patients were collected.

Cytokine patterns in cystic fibrosis patients with different microbial infections in oropharyngeal samples.

Background: Cytokines play a crucial role in the immune system's regulation by mediating protective responses to infections. anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines are in equilibrium. Therefore, any alteration in cytokine production or cytokine receptor expression might result in pathological illnesses and health issues.

One step green synthesis of Cu nanoparticles by the aqueous extract of Juglans regia green husk: assessing its physicochemical, environmental and biological activities.

Juglans regia (J. regia) green husk is an abundant agricultural waste. In this study, an economical, rapid and green synthetic route was introduced for the biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) by applying the aqueous extract of J.

Immunoinformatics design of multivalent chimeric vaccine for modulation of the immune system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

Increasing in drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and high mortality and morbidity rate have become a health challenge worldwide; therefore, developing the novel therapeutic strategies such as immunogenic vaccine candidate are required. Despite a substantial research effort, the future of immunization against P. aeruginosa due to failure in covering two separate stages of infection, and furthermore, inducing ineffective type of immune response, still remains controversial.

Biochemical and computational study of an alginate lyase produced by strain S21.

Objectives: Alginates play a key role in mucoid colonization, biofilm formation, and driving out of cationic antibiotics. alginate lyase (AlgL) is a periplasmic enzyme that is necessary for alginate synthesis and secretion. It also has a role in depolymerization of alginates.

Involvement of in the occurrence of community and hospital acquired diarrhea, and its virulence diversity among the stool and the environmental samples.

Transmission of along the food chain could cause gastrointestinal infections. To show this involvement, the prevalence, putative virulence genotype, and antibiotic resistance phenotype of isolates from stool of 1482 patients with community and hospital acquired diarrhea were compared with 87 isolates from the environmental samples. The results showed infection with in 3.

Ecological role of GSN3 in natural biofilm formation and its advantages in bioremediation.

This study assessed the role of a new strain, GSN3, with biofilm-forming and phenol-degrading abilities. Three biofilm reactors were spiked with activated sludge (R1), green fluorescent plasmid (GFP) tagged GSN3 (R2), and their combination (R3). More than 99% phenol removal was achieved during four weeks in R3 while this efficiency was reached after two and four further operational weeks in R2 and R1, respectively.

Characterization of and mutations in ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates from Tehran hospitals in Iran.

Background And Objectives: , a major cause of several infectious diseases, has become a hazardous resistant pathogen. One of the factors contributing to quinolone resistance in is mutations occurring in and genes encoding the A subunits of type II and IV topoisomerases, respectively, in quinolone resistance determining regions (QRDR) of the bacterial chromosome.

Materials And Methods: Thirty seven isolates from patients with burn wounds and 20 isolates from blood, urine and sputum specimen were collected.

Highly efficient phenol degradation in a batch moving bed biofilm reactor: benefiting from biofilm-enhancing bacteria.

In this study, the efficiency improvement of three moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) was investigated by inoculation of activated sludge cells (R1), mixed culture of eight strong phenol-degrading bacteria consisted of Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp. (R2) and the combination of both (R3).

Screening, cloning and expression of a novel alginate lyase gene from P. aeruginosa TAG 48 and its antibiofilm effects on P. aeruginosa biofilm.

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and utilizes several virulence factors for pathogenesis. One of the most important factors is alginate, found in the biofilm which enables P. aeruginosa to establish chronic lung infections.

Biosynthesised AgCl NPs using sp. 1/11 and evaluation of their cytotoxic activity and antibacterial and antibiofilm effects on multi-drug resistant bacteria.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted the attention of researchers due to their properties. Biological synthesis of AgNPs is eco-friendly and cost-effective preferred to physical and chemical methods, which utilize environmentally harmful agents and large amounts of energy. Microorganisms have been explored as potential biofactories to synthesize AgNPs.

One-step purification and characterization of alginate lyase from clinical with destructive activity on bacterial biofilm.

Objectives: is a Gram-negative and aerobic rod bacterium that displays mucoid and non-mucoid phenotype. Mucoid strains secrete alginate, which is the main agent of biofilms in chronic infections, show high resistance to antibiotics; consequently, the biological disruption of mucoid biofilms is an attractive area of study for researchers. Alginate lyase gene is a member of alginate producing operon which by glycosidase activity produces primer for other enzymes in this cluster.

Improved effect of amikacin-loaded poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles against planktonic and biofilm cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Purpose: Amikacin is one of the most effective antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, but because of its high toxicity, the use of this antibiotic has been clinically limited. In the present study, amikacin was successfully loaded into a new formulation of nanoparticles (NPs) based on poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) 50 : 50 in order to enhance the treatment efficacy. The synthetized amikacin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles with high drug loading and stability were used to eliminate P.

A comparison of antibiotic disks from different sources on Quicolor and Mueller-Hinton agar media in evaluation of antibacterial susceptibility testing.

Background And Objectives: Antibacterial susceptibility testing of clinical bacterial isolates through disk diffusion method plays a major role in antibacterial treatment. One of the main factors affecting the result of these tests is the type, structure and quality of the disks. The main objective of this study was to compare the agreement of antibiotic disks originated from three companies on Quicolor and Mueller-Hinton agar.

Analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Biofilm Protein Profile After Exposure to n-Butanolic Cyclamen coum Extract Alone and in Combination with Ciprofloxacin.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm-related infections are the major cause of premature death in cystic fibrosis patients. Strategies to induce biofilm dispersal are of interest, because of their potential in preventing biofilm-related infections. Our previous work demonstrated that n-butanolic Cyclamen coum extract with ciprofloxacin could eliminate 1- and 3-day-old P.

Amikacin loaded PLGA nanoparticles against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Amikacin is a very effective aminoglycoside antibiotic but according to its high toxicity, the use of this antibiotic has been limited. The aim of this study was to formulate and characterize amikacin loaded PLGA nanoparticles. Nanoparticles were synthetized using a solid-in-oil-in-water emulsion technique with different ratio of PLGA 50:50 (Resomer 502H) to drug (100:3.

Screening of Alginate Lyase-Producing Bacteria and Optimization of Media Compositions for Extracellular Alginate Lyase Production.

Background: Alginate is a linear polysaccharide consisting of guluronate (polyG) and mannuronate (polyM) subunits.

Methods: In the initial screening of alginate-degrading bacteria from soil, 10 isolates were able to grow on minimal medium containing alginate. The optimization of cell growth and alginate lyase (algL) production was carried out by the addition of 0.

Synergistic Effects of Bismuth Thiols and Various Antibiotics Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm.

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that takes advantages of some weaknesses in the immune system to initiate an infection. Biofilms of P. aeruginosa can cause chronic opportunistic infections in immunocompromised and elderly patients.

Eradication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms Using the Combination of n-butanolic Cyclamen coum Extract and Ciprofloxacin.

Background: Biofilm formation is a major pathogenic factor in different bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A number of studies have reported that bacterial biofilms show different levels of antibiotic resistance. In order to re-sensitize the bacterial biofilms to antibiotics, biofilms should be dispersed.

Assessment of Biofilm Formation and Resistance to Imipenem and Ciprofloxacin among Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in Tehran.

Background: Biofilms are communities of bacteria attached to the surfaces in an extracellular polymeric matrix which are associated with many chronic infections in humans. Acinetobacter spp. are emerging as a major cause of nosocomial infections and Acinetobacter baumannii is the predominant species associated with this kind of infections.

Optimization of tetrazolium salt assay for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm using microtiter plate method.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important pathogenic bacteria related to biofilm infections. Due to the biofilm multi-drug resistance, methods of biofilm formation enumeration are of interest for assessment of efficient drug regimen development for biofilm inhibition or eradication. There are many different assay methods to determine the biofilm formation, using vital or non-vital dyes.

Association between existence of integrons and multi-drug resistance in Acinetobacter isolated from patients in southern Iran.

Nosocomial infections caused by multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter pose a serious problem in many countries. This study aimed at determining the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and prevalence of different classes of integrons in isolated Acinetobacter. In addition, the association between production of specific bands in PCR assay and magnitude of multi-drug resistance was investigated.