Cost-effectiveness of bivalent respiratory syncytial virus prefusion F vaccine for prevention of respiratory syncytial virus among older adults in Germany.

Introduction: Among older adults, lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is common. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of bivalent RSV prefusion F protein-based vaccine (RSVpreF) for prevention of RSV-LRTI among older adults in Germany.

Research Design And Methods: A static cohort model was developed to estimate lifetime health and economic outcomes of RSV-LRTI among adults aged 60-99 years in Germany, with (vs.

Annual Clinical and Economic Burden of Medically Attended Lower Respiratory Tract Illnesses Due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus among US Infants Aged <12 Months.

We developed a model to project the expected annual clinical and economic burden of medically attended lower respiratory tract illnesses due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV-LRTI) among US infants aged <12 months by combining information on population size, disease rates, mortality rates, and unit costs. Among the 3.7 million US infants aged <12 months each year, a total of 592,700 cases of RSV-LRTI (hospitalizations: 48,499; emergency department visits: 144,599; outpatient clinic visits: 399,602) were projected to occur, yielding total annual costs of $1.

Annual public health and economic burden of medically attended respiratory syncytial virus illnesses among US adults.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) among adults and can lead to serious morbidity and mortality; however, evidence on the magnitude of the public health and economic burden of adult RSV-LRTD is limited. This study was undertaken to project annual clinical outcomes and economic costs of medically attended RSV-LRTD among US adults, and to identify subgroups responsible for a disproportionate share of disease burden.

Methods: Clinical outcomes of RSV-LRTD were projected for subgroups of US adults defined by age and comorbidity profile (with vs.

Cost-Effectiveness of 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Argentinean Adults.

Introduction: In Argentina, vaccination with 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) followed by 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23; PCV13 → PPSV23) has been recommended for all adults aged ≥ 65 years and younger adults with chronic medical ("moderate-risk") or immunocompromising ("high-risk") conditions since 2017. With the approval of a 20-valent PCV (PCV20), we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of PCV20 versus current recommendations for moderate-/high-risk adults aged 18-64 years and all adults 65-99 years.

Methods: A probabilistic cohort model was used to project lifetime outcomes and costs associated with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and all-cause non-bacteremic pneumonia (NBP), and the expected impact of vaccination.

Cost-Effectiveness of 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Among US Children with Underlying Medical Conditions.

Introduction: A 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) was recently recommended for use among US children. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of PCV20 among children aged 6 years with chronic medical conditions (CMC+) and children aged 6 years with immunocompromising conditions (IC) versus one and two doses of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23), respectively.

Methods: A probabilistic model was employed to depict 10-year risk of clinical outcomes and economic costs of pneumococcal disease, reduction in life years from premature death, and expected impact of vaccination among one cohort of children with CMC+ and IC aged 6 years.

Attributable Cost of Adult Respiratory Syncytial Virus Illness Beyond the Acute Phase.

Background: Estimates of the cost of medically attended lower respiratory tract illness (LRTI) due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in adults, especially beyond the acute phase, is limited. This study was undertaken to estimate the attributable costs of RSV-LRTI among US adults during, and up to 1 year after, the acute phase of illness.

Methods: A retrospective observational matched-cohort design and a US healthcare claims repository (2016-2019) were employed.

Rates of Lower Respiratory Tract Illness in US Adults by Age and Comorbidity Profile.

Introduction: While it is widely recognized that older adults, adults with chronic medical conditions (CMC), and adults with immunocompromising conditions (IC) are at increased risk of lower respiratory tract illness (LRTI), evidence of the magnitude of increased risk is limited. This study was thus undertaken to characterize rates of hospitalized and ambulatory LRTI among United States (US) adults by age and comorbidity profile.

Methods: A retrospective cohort design and US healthcare claims database (2016-2019) were employed.

Episodic Cost of Lower Respiratory Tract Illness due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Among US Infants During the First Year of Life.

A study of 2 health care claims databases (commercial, Medicaid) was undertaken to estimate the episodic cost of lower respiratory tract illness due to respiratory syncytial virus among infants aged <12 months overall, by age, and by birth gestational age. Among commercial-insured infants, mean costs were $28 812 for hospitalized episodes, $2575 for emergency department episodes, and $336 for outpatient clinic episodes. Costs were highest among infants aged <1 month and infants with a gestational age ≤32 weeks and were comparable among Medicaid-insured infants, albeit somewhat lower.

Cost-utility of 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine compared to no vaccination and recommended alternative vaccines among Belgian adults.

Background: The Belgian Superior Health Council (SHC) preferentially recommended the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) for adults aged ≥65 years, immunocompromised patients, and patients aged ≥50 years suffering from conditions that increase their risk for pneumococcal infections. The objective of this paper is to present the cost-utility of PCV20 compared to no vaccination and the alternative sequence of PCV15 followed by the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) in this population.

Research Design And Methods: The analysis employed a static Markov model capturing lifetime risk of pneumococcal infections, associated disutility, mortality, and costs from different healthcare payer perspectives.

Pneumococcal vaccine uptake among Medicare Beneficiaries aged ≥65 years following the shared clinical decision-making recommendation for 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2019.

Background: In November 2019, the US Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended shared clinical decision-making (SCDM) for use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) among immunocompetent elderly adults. The impact of SCDM on PCV13 use in this population, immunocompromised persons, and vulnerable subgroups has not been well documented.

Methods: Using Medicare Research Identifiable Files (01/2018 - 09/2020), monthly uptake of pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13, 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine [PPSV23]) was identified among fee-for-service beneficiaries aged ≥ 65 years with Part B coverage and no evidence of prior PCV13.

Budgetary Impact of 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Use for Adult Expatriates Living in Dubai.

Background: Dubai Health Authority currently recommends sequential administration of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) followed by (→) 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) to prevent pneumococcal disease among adults at elevated risk of illness. Despite recommendations, disease burden and associated costs remain substantial. A new 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) recently received regulatory approval in the United Arab Emirates and has the potential to further reduce burden of pneumococcal disease.

Cost-effectiveness of using a 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine to directly protect adults in England at elevated risk of pneumococcal disease.

Objectives: Despite the current pneumococcal vaccination program in England for older adults and adults with underlying conditions, disease burden remains high. We evaluated cost-effectiveness of 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) compared to current pneumococcal recommendations for adults in England.

Methods: Lifetime outcomes/costs of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) among adults aged 65-99 years and adults aged 18-64 years with underlying conditions in England were projected using a deterministic cohort model.

Public health and budgetary impact of 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for adults in England.

Background: Despite use of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) in England, disease burden among at-risk adults remains high. We evaluated the public health and budgetary impact of 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) compared to the current adult pneumococcal vaccination program.

Methods: Five-year outcomes and costs of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) among adults aged 65-99 years and adults aged 18-64 years with underlying conditions in England were projected using a deterministic cohort model.

Community-acquired pneumonia in infants: Not simply an acute event with complete recovery.

Background: Pneumonia in infancy has been linked to long-term consequences for the rapidly developing lung. We examined the impact of hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) on subsequent respiratory health.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective matched-cohort study using the Optum® de-identified Electronic Health Record Dataset (2009-2018).

Mortality and readmission in the year following hospitalization for pneumonia among US adults.

Background: Increasing evidence suggests the impact of pneumonia persists beyond hospital discharge and the acute phase of respiratory symptoms. We characterized short-term and long-term risks of mortality and hospital readmission across the adult age span and spectrum of comorbidities.

Methods: Retrospective cohort design and Optum's de-identified Integrated Claims-Clinical dataset (2012-2018) were employed.

Risk of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia in patients with metastatic cancer not receiving granulocyte colony-stimulating factor prophylaxis in US clinical practice.

Objectives: To evaluate the use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) prophylaxis in US patients with selected metastatic cancers and chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia (FN) incidence and associated outcomes among the subgroup who did not receive prophylaxis.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at four US health systems and included adults with metastatic cancer (breast, colorectal, lung, non-Hodgkin lymphoma [NHL]) who received myelosuppressive chemotherapy (2009-2017). Patients were stratified by FN risk level based on risk factors and chemotherapy (low/unclassified risk, intermediate risk without any risk factors, intermediate risk with ≥ 1 risk factor [IR + 1], high risk [HR]).