Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma initially diagnosed as adenocarcinoma of unknown primary with hepatoduodenal ligament lymph node metastases: A case report.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) with regional lymph node metastases, which lacks a well-delineated liver mass, may be misdiagnosed as a carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) origin. The present study reports the case of a 69-year-old man initially diagnosed with CUP, who was incidentally found to have abdominal lymphadenopathy during ultrasonography (US). The clinical course from the time of lymphadenectomy and CUP diagnosis to iCCA detection after long-term follow-up is reported.

Real-World Outcomes of Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab, and Atezolizumab Treatment Efficacy in Korean Veterans with Stage IV Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: To provide a comprehensive analysis of ICI usage and treatment outcomes in elderly Korean veterans with stage IV NSCLC.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with stage IV NSCLC between 2016 and 2021 were included, and three cohorts were derived according to the type of ICI received. Thereafter, the clinical characteristics and survival outcomes were compared.

New-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus as a delayed immune-related event after discontinuation of nivolumab: A case report.

Rationale: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment. However, they may cause immune-related adverse events. Although there have been a few reports of new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) during ICI treatment, T1DM as a delayed immune-related event after discontinuing immunotherapy is extremely rare.

β‑catenin blockers enhance the effect of CDK4/6 inhibitors on stemness and proliferation suppression in endocrine‑resistant breast cancer cells.

Wnt/β‑catenin signaling is involved in endocrine resistance and stem cell‑like properties of hormone receptor‑positive breast cancer cells. Palbociclib is a well‑known inhibitor of cyclin‑dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6 inhibitor) that downregulates the activation of retinoblastoma protein, thereby inhibiting the cell cycle in breast cancer cells. The inhibitory effects of a combination of palbociclib and ICG‑001, a β‑catenin small‑molecule inhibitor, were investigated in tamoxifen‑resistant breast cancer cell lines.

Role of Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in Clinical Stage II/III Rectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Total Mesorectal Excision: A Retrospective Propensity Score Analysis.

Background: Although the current standard preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) for stage II/III rectal cancer decreases the risk of local recurrence, it does not improve survival and increases the likelihood of preoperative overtreatment, especially in patients without circumferential resection margin (CRM) involvement.

Methods: Stage II/III rectal cancer without CRM involvement and lateral lymph node metastasis was radiologically defined by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Patients who received PCRT followed by total mesorectal excision (TME) (PCRT group) and upfront surgery (US) with TME (US group) between 2010 and 2016 were analyzed.

Correction to: Palbociclib use with grade 3 neutropenia in hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer.

In the original publication of the article, under the Results section, subheading "Patient survival", the second sentence that reads as "The 6-month PFS was 92.4%, 81.8%, and 93.

Palbociclib use with grade 3 neutropenia in hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer.

Purpose: Neutropenia is the most common toxicity of CDK4/6 inhibitors, causing frequent dose interruptions. However, CDK4/6 inhibitor-induced neutropenia shows a benign clinical course in contrast to that caused by chemotherapy. Here, we investigated the safety of a new dose scheme for palbociclib, which avoids dose delays or reductions due to afebrile grade 3 neutropenia.

Recurrent meningococcal meningitis with complement 6 (C6) deficiency: A case report.

Rationale: Late complement deficiency increases susceptibility to meningococcal disease and recurrent infections. In Korea, 5 case reports have described meningococcal disease with complement deficiency. However, C6 deficiency has not been described previously.

Functional characterization of genetic variations in the MDR3 promoter.

Multidrug resistance 3 (MDR3) is present on the canalicular membrane of the hepatocyte and plays an important role in protecting the liver from bile acids. In this study, we characterized the transcriptional effects of four common haplotypes and four polymorphic variants in the promoter region of MDR3 that were identified in 126 DNA samples from Koreans. We measured the luciferase activities of the four MDR3 promoter haplotypes using in vitro reporter assays.