Building an evidence base for osteopathy: Trials and tensions. A qualitative study of the experience of clinicians engaging in research.

Background: Engaging in clinical research includes confronting challenges about the uncertainty around outcomes and ramifications the results may have on practice. This is pertinent for osteopathy where little is known about the experiences of osteopaths involved in clinical trials. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of osteopaths who participated in a randomised controlled trial for infantile colic.

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of phenylamino-substituted 6,11-dihydro-dibenzo[b,e]oxepin-11-ones and dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptan-5-ones: novel p38 MAP kinase inhibitors.

The pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases is promoted by various pro-inflammatory cytokines. p38 MAP kinase seems to be a valid target as it controls proinflammatory cytokine levels on both transcriptional and translational levels. Starting from benzophenone-type inhibitors, a rigidisation strategy lead to 3-amino-6,11-dihydro-dibenzo[b,e]thiepin-11-one, phenylamino-substituted 6,11-dihydro-dibenzo[b,e]oxepin-11-ones, and dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-ones.

Transversal ultrahigh-resolution polarizationsensitive optical coherence tomography for strain mapping in materials.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and its extension, polarization-sensitive (PS-)OCT, are techniques for contactless and nondestructive imaging of internal structures. In this work, we apply PS-OCT for material characterization. We use a transversal scanning, ultra-high resolution (UHR-)PS-OCT setup providing cross-sectional as well as inplane information about the internal microstructure, the birefringence and the orientation of the optical axis within the material.

En-face scanning optical coherence tomography with ultra-high resolution for material investigation.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging technique for cross-sectional imaging, originally developed for biological structures. When OCT is employed for material investigation, high-resolution and short measurement times are required, and for many applications, only transversal (en-face) scans yield substantial information which cannot be obtained from cross-sectional images oriented perpendicularly to the sample surface alone. In this work, we combine transversal with ultra-high resolution OCT: a broadband femto-second laser is used as a light source in combination with acousto-optic modulators for heterodyne signal generation and detection.

[Histologic verification of the reliability of clinical caries diagnoses].

The reliability of different investigators' assessment distinguishing carious cavities from caries-free ones was examined in an in vitro study. In 23 recently extracted human teeth caries was completely removed by the principal investigator, while in 17 teeth caries was only incompletely removed. On two occasions at an interval of 2 weeks, 5 investigators established the diagnosis "carious" or "caries-free" after clinical inspection using probe and mirror.

[Studies into the effectivity of Caridex in caries removal].

It was the goal of this study to find out if Caridex is a reliable method for removing dentine caries. Different lesions on 37 teeth were treated with the system and subsequently examined for caries. The macroscopic results were verified using undecalcified thin sections stained with toluidine blue and examined for residual caries under the light microscope.

[Staining of carious dentin with Kariesdetektor].

In a histological study of the staining effect of the staining solution Kariesdetektor 60 human teeth with carious lesions of varying sizes were separated into one control half and one test half each immediately following their extraction. Non-decalcified thin ground sections were prepared with the aid of the saw-cut-and-grind technique. The test halves were stained with Kariesdetektor, the control preparations with toluidine blue.

Effect of a preventive program based on professional toothcleaning and fluoride application on caries and gingivitis.

The effect of a preventive program was studied in 12-14-yr-old children. 104 children (test group) participated in this program. After four visits in the first 6 wk, the children visited the oral hygienist five times a year to receive professional oral prophylactic treatment and instructions.

[The stability of fluoride concentrations at the enamel surface].

A new method for in vitro fluoridisation of dental enamel is presented where commercial fluoride tablets of available fluoride compounds are subjected to comparative tests (Sodium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, or trisodiumhexafluoroferrate). Special consideration was given to stability of fluoride concentration on the enamel surface. Considerable differences were observed in the level of fluoride content directly after the last administration of fluoride and also the amount of fluoride concentration in 24 hours.