Formation and Validation of the Healthy Diet Index (HDI) for Evaluation of Diet Quality in Healthcare.

Lack of tools to evaluate the quality of diet impedes dietary counselling in healthcare. We constructed a scoring for a validated food intake questionnaire, to measure the adherence to a healthy diet that prevents type 2 diabetes (T2D). The Healthy Diet Index (HDI) consists of seven weighted domains (meal pattern, grains, fruit and vegetables, fats, fish and meat, dairy, snacks and treats).

Structural validity of the Finnish Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ) using the Rasch model.

Background: The 16-item patient-reported Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ) with subscales of pain, social interactions, and walking/standing has been claimed for strongest scientific evidence in measuring foot and ankle complaints. This study tests the validity of the Finnish MOXFQ for orthopaedic foot and ankle population using the Rasch analysis.

Methods: We translated the MOXFQ into Finnish and used that translation in our study.

Afatinib-induced Interstitial Lung Disease Successfully Treated with Corticosteroids: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

The first-line treatment for advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) includes the use of afatinib and other EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). While generally well tolerated, a small subset of patients will develop drug-induced interstitial lung disease (ILD) which could lead to drug discontinuation or even death. A 58-year-old female with stage IV NSCLC treated with afatinib presented with dyspnea and rapidly progressive hypoxemia.

Risk Factors for Failed Nonoperative Treatment and Rerupture in Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture.

Background: Nonoperative treatment is feasible in most patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture. Risk factors associated with failed nonoperative treatment are poorly understood. We investigated risk factors associated with rerupture after nonoperative treatment and otherwise failed nonoperative treatment of Achilles tendon rupture.

Treatment of acute Achilles tendon ruptures in Central Finland Central Hospital in 2010-2015.

Background: The epidemiology of Achilles tendon ruptures and treatment strategies have undergone a major change in recent years. We investigated the incidence of acute Achilles tendon ruptures, the choice of treatment strategies and treatment implementation.

Materials And Methods: The research material consisted of patients living in the catchment area of Central Finland Hospital District who had been diagnosed with an acute Achilles tendon rupture between 2010 and 2015.

A simple tool for diet evaluation in primary health care: validation of a 16-item food intake questionnaire.

Our aim was to validate a 16-item food intake questionnaire (16-FIQ) and create an easy to use method to estimate patients' nutrient intake in primary health care. Participants (52 men, 25 women) completed a 7-day food record and a 16-FIQ. Food and nutrient intakes were calculated and compared using Spearman correlation.

Emergency contraception knowledge among nurse practitioner students.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to ascertain the knowledge level of nurse practitioner (NP) students about emergency contraception (EC), and to explore attitudes about EC that may intersect with willingness to prescribe EC.

Data Sources: Four hundred and sixty-seven NP students completed a 30-item web-based survey using Vovici survey software.

Conclusions: Students who reported formal content on EC in their program of study showed significantly better mean knowledge scores (t= 5.

Structural studies of five novel bile acid-4-aminopyridine conjugates.

Synthesis and solid-state structural characterization of five bile acid amides of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) are reported. Systematic crystallization experiments revealed a number of structural modifications and/or solvate/hydrate systems for these conjugates. Particularly, cholic acid conjugate exhibited five distinct structure modifications, including one anhydrous form, mono- and dihydrates, as well as ethanol and 2-butanol solvates.

Reaping the harvest: nursing student service involvement with a campus gardening project.

The authors describe the development and incorporation of a multidisciplinary community garden as a service project in a baccalaureate nursing cohort in an urban university. The concepts of professional ethics and service, application of nutritional theory to a community cohort, and competencies in community health nursing are briefly discussed and applied to this service project.

Microwave assisted synthesis and solid-state characterization of lithocholyl amides of isomeric aminopyridines.

Microwave (MW) assisted synthesis and solid state structural characterizations of novel lithocholyl amides of 2-, 3-, and 4-aminopyridine are reported. It is shown that the MW technique is a proper method in the preparation of N-lithocholyl amides of isomeric aminopyridines. It offers many advantages compared to conventional heating.

Emergency contraception: profiles of women using Plan B in a small Midwestern U.S. community.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe (a) a population of emergency contraceptive (EC) users, (b) frequency of use of EC in a calendar year, and (c) frequency of follow-up visits to establish routine contraception.

Data Sources: Retrospective chart review of 436 women aged 12-50 years visiting a Midwestern family planning clinic for EC services during 2004-2005.

Conclusions: Users were primarily Caucasian (94.

A randomized trial of rizatriptan in migraine attacks in children.

Objective: To examine the efficacy of rizatriptan and the consistency of treatment response in migraine attacks of children and adolescents.

Methods: We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled three-way crossover trial in patients ages 6 to 17 years diagnosed with migraine in two pediatric hospital outpatient clinics. Two doses of rizatriptan and a matching placebo were administered at home during three attacks.

Bis(6-thioxo-1,6-dihydropurinium) tetrachlorozincate(II).

The title salt, (C(5)H(5)N(4)S)(2)[ZnCl(4)], consists of two 6-thioxo-1,6-dihydropurinium (6mpH(2)(+)) cations (A and B) and a tetrachlorozincate anion, which are held together by N-H...

The role of sequence variations within the genes encoding collagen II, IX and XI in non-syndromic, early-onset osteoarthritis.

Objective: We sought to determine whether sequence variations in cartilage collagen genes are associated with primary, early-onset osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: The cartilage collagen genes, COL2A1, COL9A1, COL9A2, COL9A3, COL11A1 and COL11A2, were screened for sequence variations in 72 Finnish probands and one US family with primary early-onset hip and/or knee OA. In addition, allelic association studies were performed using six to 12 common polymorphisms from each gene by genotyping 72 OA patients and 103 controls.

Low normal level of protein C or of antithrombin increases risk for recurrent cardiovascular events.

The relationship between haemostatic factors and recurrent cardiovascular events was investigated in patients enrolled with acute coronary syndrome (acute non-Q myocardial infarction or unstable angina pectoris). One hundred and fifteen patients, aged 64 +/- 10 years, were included in the study. Haemostatic parameters [prothrombin time, activities of factor VII, factor VIII, factor X, antithrombin (AT) and protein C (PC), and concentrations of free protein S, fibrinogen, D-dimer, prothrombin fragment 1+2, and thrombin-antithrombin complex] were measured four times: within 48 h of hospitalization, at discharge (days 5-8), at 3 months and after 1 year.

Nasal sumatriptan is effective in treatment of migraine attacks in children: A randomized trial.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of nasal sumatriptan in migraine attacks of children and adolescents.

Methods: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-way crossover trial was conducted in three hospital outpatient departments, with 8 to 17 year olds diagnosed with migraine serving as subjects (International Headache Society 1988). A single dose of sumatriptan nasal spray and a matching placebo were administered at home during two attacks.

Regional cerebral glucose metabolism in monozygotic twins discordant for Alzheimer's disease.

We investigated regional cerebral glucose metabolic rates (rCMRgluc) with positron emission tomography using 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) in 7 monozygotic twin pairs discordant for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Ten healthy volunteers with comparable mean age and educational level served as controls. In the hippocampus, the mean +/- SD rCMRgluc were 0.

Late skin-prick-test reactions to malted wheat. Clinical observations and immunohistochemical characterization.

This study reports late skin-prick-test (SPT) reactions in seven bakers and seven control subjects to malted wheat appearing after 6-10 h, and not preceded by an immediate-phase reaction. Two subjects in each group had a history of atopic symptoms and were Phadiatope positive. Serologic IgE analysis (RAST) of normal wheat flour and of malted wheat grain was negative in all subjects.

Malnutrition in hemodialysis patients.

Twenty-nine hemodialysis patients were studied to evaluate different laboratory measures in assessing muscle protein stores and detecting protein malnutrition. Arm muscle circumference (AMC) was used as a reference for somatic protein stores. AMC correlated with serum complement C3, plasma histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine and threonine concentrations as well as with body mass index.