Heel pain in young athletes - not always Sever's Disease: A Narrative Review.

Heel pain is a prevalent issue in young athletes, often arising from overuse and increased sporting demands. While Sever's Disease is the predominant cause, various other entities, including stress-related injuries and pathologies like tumors and bone lesions, contribute to this condition. The complex hind foot anatomy, encompassing ossicles, physis, and soft tissues, may lead to heel pain.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social determinants of health, mental health, and substance use among key populations affected by sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections in Canada.

Objectives: We assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social determinants of health, mental health, substance use, and access to mental health and harm reduction services among key populations disproportionately impacted by sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections (STBBI).

Methods: Online surveys (2021‒2022) were conducted in Canada among people who use drugs or alcohol (PWUD); African, Caribbean, and Black people (ACB); and First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples (FNIM). Descriptive analyses were conducted on social determinants of health, substance use, and access to services, stratified by changes in mental health status since the start of the pandemic.

Improving access to test results for participants in bio-behavioural surveys of people who inject drugs.

Bio-behavioural surveys of people who inject drugs (PWID) evolved from unlinked anonymous monitoring (UAM) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence and prevalence, which began in some high-income countries in the late 1980s. UAM was conducted purely for surveillance purposes and test results were not returned to participants. Later, the importance of collecting data on behavioural risk factors was recognised, leading to the development of bio-behavioural surveys of PWID, which today are conducted regularly in several countries.

Peroxidase-induced C-N bond formation nitroso ene and Diels-Alder reactions.

The formation of new carbon-nitrogen bonds is indisputably one of the most important tasks in synthetic organic chemistry. Here, nitroso compounds offer a highly interesting reactivity that complements traditional amination strategies, allowing for the introduction of nitrogen functionalities ene-type reactions or Diels-Alder cycloadditions. In this study, we highlight the potential of horseradish peroxidase as biological mediator for the generation of reactive nitroso species under environmentally benign conditions.

Paving the Road for Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells: American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy 80/20 Task Force Consensus on Challenges and Solutions to Improving Efficiency of Clinical Center Certification and Maintenance of Operations for Commercially Approved Immune Effector Cell Therapies.

As the number and type of regulatory authority-approved cellular therapies grow, clinical treatment centers face a heavy burden of duplicative documentation around initial qualification, ongoing auditing, and reporting, with overlapping requirements from each manufacturer to ensure safe use of their specific product, which in the United States are stipulated under individual Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Biologic License Applications. The American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (ASTCT) convened the 80/20 Task Force to consider challenges and potential solutions to these issues. The Task Force proposed that 80% of manufacturers' requirements for onboarding and ongoing operations of commercially available products could be standardized and streamlined.

Serial evaluation of segmental esophageal reconstruction using a polyurethane scaffold in a pig model.

Background: Many esophageal pathologies are clinically treated by resection and reconstruction of the esophagus. Surgical esophagectomy remains a morbid procedure and despite minimally invasive advances, has changed little in decades. Novel approaches to esophageal segmental resection and reconstruction are an unmet need.

The hepatitis C epidemic in Canada: An overview of recent trends in surveillance, injection drug use, harm reduction and treatment.

Hepatitis C continues to be a significant public health concern in Canada, with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) responsible for more life-years lost than all other infectious diseases in Canada. An increase in reported hepatitis C infections was observed between 2014 and 2018. Here, we present changing epidemiological trends and discuss risk factors for hepatitis C acquisition in Canada that may have contributed to this increase in reported hepatitis C infections, focusing on injection drug use.

Rising syphilis rates in Canada, 2011-2020.

Background: Syphilis rates are of public health concern in Canada, with multiple jurisdictions reporting outbreaks over the past five years. The objective of this article is to describe trends in infectious and congenital syphilis in Canada 2011-2020.

Methods: Routine surveillance of syphilis is conducted through the Canadian Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (CNDSS).

First-in-Human Segmental Esophageal Reconstruction Using a Bioengineered Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Seeded Implant.

Introduction: Resection and reconstruction of the esophagus remains fraught with morbidity and mortality. Recently, data from a porcine reconstruction model revealed that segmental esophageal reconstruction using an autologous mesenchymal stromal cell-seeded polyurethane graft (Cellspan esophageal implant [CEI]) can facilitate esophageal regrowth and regeneration. To this end, a patient requiring a full circumferential esophageal segmental reconstruction after a complex multiorgan tumor resection was approved for an investigational treatment under the Food and Drug Administration Expanded Access Use (Investigational New Drug 17402).

Tension pneumothorax decompression with colorimetric capnography: pilot case series.

Tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition that can develop when either the visceral pleura is disrupted, or with injury to the tracheobronchial tree. Rapid, accurate diagnosis and appropriate management are required to prevent significant atelectasis, hypoxia, circulatory arrest, and ultimate patient demise. Needle decompression is the current standard of care for the management of tension pneumothorax.

Modelling of a novel technique to improve the visualisation of implanted fiducial markers for intra-fraction MV imaging of prostate VMAT targets.

. This study explored a novel technique to improve the MV imaging based fiducial visibility for a cohort of prostate radiotherapy patients, without compromising the original treatment plan. The study also compared these results to visibility using single MLC control points, as well as short arcs.

"Decompression of tension pneumothorax in a trauma patient -first use of a novel decompression colorimetric capnography device in human patient".

Tension pneumothorax is a common cause of mortality in trauma. Tension pneumothorax is the confinement of respired gases within the pleural cavity at increasing pressure resulting in hemodynamic collapse. Decompression is crucial in management.

Damage Control Laparotomy: High-Volume Centers Display Similar Mortality Rates Despite Differences in Country Income Level.

Background: Comprehensive analysis of trauma care between high-, middle-, and low-income countries (HIC/MIC/LIC) is needed to improve global health. Comparison of HIC and MIC outcomes after damage control laparotomy (DCL) for patients is unknown. We evaluated DCL utilization among patients treated at high-volume trauma centers in the USA and South Africa, an MIC, hypothesizing similar mortality outcomes despite differences in resources and setting.

Unmet healthcare needs among migrants without medical insurance in Montreal, Canada.

While access to healthcare for permanent residents in Canada is well known, this is not the case for migrants without healthcare coverage. This is the first large-scale study that examines the unmet healthcare needs of migrants without healthcare coverage in Montreal. 806 participants were recruited: 436 in the community and 370 at the NGO clinic.

The negative self-perceived health of migrants with precarious status in Montreal, Canada: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Knowledge about the health impacts of the absence of health insurance for migrants with precarious status (MPS) in Canada is scarce. MPS refer to immigrants with authorized but temporary legal status (i.e.

Exploring the Complexity of Processing-Induced Dehydration during Hot Melt Extrusion Using In-Line Raman Spectroscopy.

The specific aim in this study was to understand the effect of critical process parameters on the solid form composition of model drug compounds during hot melt extrusion using in-line Raman spectroscopy combined with Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) modeling for semi-quantitative kinetic profiling. It was observed that the hydrate and anhydrate solid forms of two model drugs in the melts of nitrofurantoin (NF):polyethylene oxide (PEO) and piroxicam (PRX):PEO could be resolved from a MCR-ALS model without an external calibration dataset. Based on this model, the influence of two critical process parameters (shear and temperature) on the solid form composition could be evaluated in a real-time mode and the kinetics of complex transformation pathways could be explored.

Screening identifies small molecules that enhance the maturation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived myotubes.

Targeted differentiation of pluripotent stem (PS) cells into myotubes enables in vitro disease modeling of skeletal muscle diseases. Although various protocols achieve myogenic differentiation in vitro, resulting myotubes typically display an embryonic identity. This is a major hurdle for accurately recapitulating disease phenotypes in vitro, as disease commonly manifests at later stages of development.

An Injectable Neural Stimulation Electrode Made from an In-Body Curing Polymer/Metal Composite.

Implanted neural stimulation and recording devices hold vast potential to treat a variety of neurological conditions, but the invasiveness, complexity, and cost of the implantation procedure greatly reduce access to an otherwise promising therapeutic approach. To address this need, a novel electrode that begins as an uncured, flowable prepolymer that can be injected around a neuroanatomical target to minimize surgical manipulation is developed. Referred to as the Injectrode, the electrode conforms to target structures forming an electrically conductive interface which is orders of magnitude less stiff than conventional neuromodulation electrodes.

Disease Severity and Cost in Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction.

Background: Adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO) severity has been associated with important clinical outcomes. However, the impact of ASBO severity on hospitalization cost is unknown. The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) developed an Emergency General Surgery (EGS) disease severity grading system for ASBO.

Invasive group A streptococcal infection outbreaks of type118 in a long-term care facility, and of type 74 in the homeless population, Montréal, Quebec.

Background: Two invasive group A streptococcus (iGAS) infection outbreaks occurred in Montreal in 2016 and 2017; one in a long-term care facility (type118) and one in the community, primarily involving homeless people (type74).

Objective: To describe two recent iGAS outbreaks in Montréal and highlight the challenges in dealing with these outbreaks and the need to tailor the public health response to control them.

Methodology: All cases of iGAS were investigated and the isolates were sent to the laboratory fortyping.

Heterotopic Ossification of the Xiphoid After Chest Compressions.

This report describes the case of a 56-year-old woman with a 6-year history of severe epigastric pain after chest compressions for cardiac arrest. A comprehensive gastrointestinal workup was negative. However, an abdominal computed tomographic scan demonstrated an elongated xiphoid process.

Impact of availability of direct-acting antivirals for hepatitis C on Canadian hospitalization rates, 2012-2016.

Backgrounds: Hospitalizations associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and liver disease increased on average by 6.0% per year from 2004 to 2010 in Canada and were projected (in 2010) to increase by another 4% by 2016. The first generation of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) became available in 2012.

Injury patterns and mechanisms related to refrigerator and freezer utilization in the United States.

Introduction: Refrigerators and freezers (R/F) are a common household item and injury patterns associated with these appliances are not well characterized. We aimed to characterize the injury patterns, mechanisms, and affected body parts in patients treated in the emergency departments nationally, hypothesizing that injury patterns would differ by age group.

Methods: A retrospective review of the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System for all patients injured using R/F during 2010-2016 was performed.

Barriers and recruitment strategies for precarious status migrants in Montreal, Canada.

Background: Precarious status migrants are a group of persons who are vulnerable, heterogeneous, and often suspicious of research teams. They are underrepresented in population-based research projects, and strategies to recruit them are described exclusively in terms of a single cultural group. We analyzed the recruitment strategies implemented during a research project aimed at understanding precarious status migrants' health status and healthcare access in Montreal, Canada.