Therapeutic plasma exchange in critically ill children: 18-year experience of a tertiary care paediatric intensive care unit.

Background: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has been used as a primary or supportive treatment in critical paediatric patients during the clinical course of many diseases.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to characterise the indications, complications, and outcomes of critically ill children who received TPE in a tertiary referral paediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary referral 13-bed PICU of a university hospital.

A Retrospective Cohort Study of Traumatic Brain Injury in Children: A Single-Institution Experience and Determinants of Neurologic Outcome.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has become a significant cause of death and morbidity in childhood since the elucidation of infectious causes within the last century. Mortality rates in this population decreased over time due to developments in technology and effective treatment modalities.

Aim Of The Study: This retrospective cohort study aimed to describe the volume, severity and mechanism of all hospital-admitted pediatric TBI patients at a university hospital over a 5-year period.

Central Venous Catheter Insertion for Vascular Access: A 6-year Single-center Experience.

Background: Central venous catheterization is performed for such reasons as hemodynamic monitoring, parenteral nutrition, drug and fluid administration, and extracorporeal treatment. This study aimed to retrospectively review the indications for central venous catheter (CVC) insertion for vascular access and removal by pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) physicians, catheter types, and catheter-associated complications.

Materials And Methods: The indications for CVC insertion and removal, catheter insertion site, types of catheters, catheter-associated complications, whether or not insertion was ultrasonographically guided, catheter-associated infections, and duration of use of 1200 catheters used by PICU physicians between 2015 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed.

Evaluation of nutritional status in pediatric intensive care unit patients: the results of a multicenter, prospective study in Turkey.

Introduction: Malnutrition is defined as a pathological condition arising from deficient or imbalanced intake of nutritional elements. Factors such as increasing metabolic demands during the disease course in the hospitalized patients and inadequate calorie intake increase the risk of malnutrition. The aim of the present study is to evaluate nutritional status of patients admitted to pediatric intensive care units (PICU) in Turkey, examine the effect of nutrition on the treatment process and draw attention to the need for regulating nutritional support of patients while continuing existing therapies.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of continuous renal replacement therapy performed on younger children weighing up to 10 kg.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the clinical features, modality, complications, and effecting factors on the survival of children weighing up to 10 kg who received continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).

Methods: This study was a retrospective observational study conducted in five pediatric intensive care units in tertiary hospitals in Turkey between January 2015 and December 2019.

Results: One hundred and forty-one children who underwent CRRT were enrolled in the study.

The Effects of Protein Intake on Clinical Outcome in Pediatric Intensive Care Units.

Objective: Factors such as increased metabolic needs and inadequate calorie and protein intake increase the risk of malnutrition in critically ill children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. This study aimed to determine the risk of malnutrition and associated clinical outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Data from all patients aged 1 month to 18 years in 4 pediatric intensive care units in Adana, Turkey, were prospectively collected.

A Rare Complication of Central Venous Catheterization Interventions: Subdural Effusion.

Unlabelled: Central venous catheterization interventions are used in various clinics for diagnostic and treatment purposes. Establishing vascular access is a difficult and critical step, especially in critically ill pediatric patients. Complications include ventricular arrhythmia, air embolism, carotid artery puncture, cardiac tamponade, pneumothorax, hemothorax, artery-vein laceration, thoracic duct injury, and catheter malposition can be observed in patients after central venous catheterization interventions.

Frequency and Causes of Delirium in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: The number of studies evaluating delirium and its frequency in critically ill infants, children, and adolescents is increasing day by day. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate all patients hospitalized in our pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in terms of pediatric delirium, to determine the frequency and risk factors of pediatric delirium.

Patients And Methods: The patients included in this study had been hospitalized in the PICU between November 1, 2018, and August 31, 2019, and were followed up for more than 48 hours.

Clinical Factors of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Success in Children.

This study was aimed to evaluate the success rate of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy and factors causing therapy failure. This prospective observational study included 131 children who received HFNC oxygen and followed-up in the pediatric emergency department, pediatric clinics, and pediatric intensive care unit between March 2018 and December 2019. The median age was 23.

Evaluation of ultrasonographic optic nerve sheath diameter and central retinal artery Doppler indices by point-of-care ultrasound in pediatric patients with increased intracranial pressure.

Background: Measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) with point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is a non-invasive and radiation-free technique that can be used to assess increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Ophthalmic artery and central retinal artery Doppler indices can be used like transcranial Doppler to evaluate increased ICP. This study aims to examine the diagnostic value of ONSD measurements and central retinal artery Doppler indices in the evaluation of pediatric patients with increased ICP.

Bedside sonographic assessments for predicting predialysis fluid overload in children with end-stage kidney disease.

Although the number of studies evaluating methods to predict fluid overload is increasing, the assessment of fluid status in children on dialysis is still fraught with inaccuracies. We aimed to evaluate the predictive capability of lung ultrasounds and the inferior vena cava collapsibility index (cIVC) in predialysis overhydration in children with end-stage kidney disease. Ten children with end-stage kidney disease who were on an intermittent hemodialysis program were included.

The Effects of Endotracheal Suctioning on Hemodynamic Parameters and Tissue Oxygenation in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.

Airway secretions may increase in intubated patients due to the impaired mucociliary clearance, impaired cough reflex, abnormal glottic function, insufficient moisturizing, and respiratory tract infections. As with any intervention, patients should be cautiously monitored for possible complications during the endotracheal suctioning. Procedure-related changes in the cerebral and somatic tissue oxygenation, hemodynamics, and oxygen saturation can be observed in these patients.

Point-of-care ultrasound assessment of the inferior vena cava distensibility index in mechanically ventilated children in the operating room.

Background And Aim: Point-of-care ultrasound imaging of the inferior vena cava distensibility index is a potential indicator for determining fluid overload and dehydration in the mechanically ventilated patients. Data on inferior vena cava distensibility index and inferior vena cava distensibility variability are limited in mechanically ventilated pediatric patients. That is why our aim in this study was to measure inferior vena cava distensibility index and to obtain mean values in pediatric patients, ventilated in the operating room before the ambulatory surgical procedure started.

A rare cause of pediatric acute pancreatitis: Perindopril intoxication.

Acute pancreatitis is a reversible inflammatory condition of the pancreas. It usually develops on the basis of trauma, structural abnormalities, and chronic systemic diseases. A definitive causal correlation between a drug and acute pancreatitis is quite difficult for clinicians.

Predicting nasal high-flow therapy failure by pediatric respiratory rate-oxygenation index and pediatric respiratory rate-oxygenation index variation in children.

The primary objective of this study was to evaluate whether pediatric respiratory rate-oxygenation index (p-ROXI) and variation in p-ROXI (p-ROXV) can serve as objective markers in children with high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) failure. In this prospective, single-center observational study, all patients who received HFNC therapy in the general pediatrics ward, pediatric intensive care unit, and the pediatric emergency department were included. High-flow nasal cannula success was achieved for 116 (88.

Pulmonary embolism complicated the course of anti-N-methyl-D aspartate receptor encephalitis in a pediatric intensive care unit setting: a case report.

Introduction: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis, an autoimmune neurological disorder resultant from the autoantibodies directed to the NR1 subunit of the NMDAR, is mainly characterized by neuropsychiatric symptoms, including behavior changes, paranoia, delusions, epileptic seizures, movement disorders, aphasia, insomnia, dysautonomia, and altered consciousness. Pulmonary embolism (PE) presents with pleuritic chest pain, hemoptysis, and respiratory distress by obstruction of the pulmonary circulation. Unlike adults, pediatric PE usually related to obvious risk factors, including central venous line, malignancy, lupus erythematosus, renal disease, congenital thrombophilia, surgery, and major trauma.

[Low cardiac output syndrome score to evaluate postoperative cardiac surgery patients in a pediatric intensive care unit].

Objective: There is no clear consensus regarding the definition of low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) or the follow-up of this patient group. Given this lack of a clinical definition, the aim of this study was to use a LCOS score (LCOSs) similar to the low cardiac output score previously presented in the literature and evaluate the relationship between a high LCOSs and poor clinical outcome.

Methods: A total of 54 patients were prospectively evaluated after cardiac surgery.

Invasive Infections in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in Turkey: Evaluation of an 11-Year Period.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the species, predisposing factors, antifungal treatment approaches, and clinical outcomes of invasive infections (ICIs) in a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). A retrospective study was performed from January 2008 to January 2019 including 102 children with ICIs who were admitted to a university hospital in southeastern Turkey. Positive blood cultures were detected in 43 (42.

Metformin Intoxication with Severe Renal Damage: An Adolescent Case Report.

Metformin is an oral antidiabetic medication which belongs to the class biguanide. Its most hazardous and life-threatening side effect is lactic acidosis which has been increasingly reported in recent years. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment approaches have significantly reduced morbidity and mortality rates in metformin intoxication.

Evaluation of foreign body aspiration cases in our pediatric intensive care unit: Single-center experience.

Aim: Foreign body aspiration is one of the common home accidents that requires urgent diagnosis and treatment, especially in children aged between 1 and 3 years. The type, location, and obstruction level of the aspirated material, age of the patient, and time of diagnosis influence the severity of the clinical picture. In our study, we aimed to evaluate patients who underwent bronchoscopy in our clinic with a diagnosis of foreign body aspiration in light of literature data.

Blue-colored sweating: four infants with apocrine chromhidrosis.

Apocrine chromhidrosis is a very rare, idiopathic disorder of the sweat glands characterized by the secretion of colored sweat. Because hormonal induction increases sweating, the symptoms of apocrine chromhidrosis usually begin after puberty. Although treatment may not be necessary in some cases, capsaicin cream and 20% aluminum chloride hexahydrate solution have been successfully used to treat patients requiring intervention.