Turkish Society of Gastroenterology: Pancreas Working Group, Acute Pancreatitis Committee Consensus Report.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a clinical condition that arises acutely in the pancreas through various inflammatory pathways due to multiple causes. Turkish Society of Gastroenterology Pancreas Working Group developed comprehensive guidance statements regarding the management of AP that include its epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, disease severity, treatment, prognosis, local and systemic complications. The statements were developed through literature review, deliberation, and consensus opinion.

Could Hepatitis B Reactivation be Overlooked in Patients with Resolved Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Receiving Immunosuppressive Treatment?

Cite this article as: Acar Ş, Eminler AT. Could hepatitis B reactivation be overlooked in patients with resolved hepatitis B virus infection and receiving immunosuppressive treatment? Turk J Gastroenterol. 2024;35(4):350-351.

Validation of the Revised Atlanta Criteria in determining the severity of acute pancreatitis.

Background/aim: Determining the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) is crucial for patient management. The aim of our study was to assess the accuracy and limitations of the Revised Atlanta Criteria (RAC) in determining the severity of AP.

Materials And Methods: The study was retrospectively conducted on AP patients admitted to the Gastroenterology Department of Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine.

Electronic Alert System Significantly Increases HBV Screening Rates Before Immunosuppressive Treatments.

Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) screening rates before starting immunosuppressive treatments are suboptimal. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new electronic alert system in increasing HBV screening rates.

Methods: The electronic alert system, HBVision2, identifies patients at risk of HBV reactivation when a pre-determined International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code is entered into the hospital's database or immunosuppressive treatment is prescribed.

Fully Covered Metal Stents Safely Facilitate Extraction of Difficult Bile Duct Stones.

Background: Ten to 15% of the common bile duct (CBD) stones require advanced endoscopic extraction techniques during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FC-SEMS) for facilitating the extraction of difficult bile duct stones.

Methods: Patients who received FC-SEMS for the extraction of difficult CBD stones were retrospectively reviewed.

Higher Complications During the Waiting Period for Interval Cholecystectomy in Patients With Mild Biliary Pancreatitis.

Background: Although current guidelines recommend cholecystectomy during the same admission in patients with mild acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP), it involves a waiting list most of the time. We aimed to assess the risk of complications and determine predictors during the waiting period for cholecystectomy after the first episode of ABP.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in patients with mild ABP.

Hepatitis B Reactivation in Patients Treated with Direct-Acting Antivirals for Hepatitis C.

Introduction: There is limited research about HBV reactivation (HBVr) due to direct-acting antivirals (DAA) for HCV and most are limited by short duration of follow-up, small sample size, and absence of baseline HBV DNA. We aimed to determine the incidence and clinical course of HBVr in HBsAg and/or anti-HBcIgG positive patients treated with DAA for HCV.

Methods: Seven centers retrospectively analyzed their database on HCV patients treated with DAA between 2015 and 2019.

Hepatitis B reactivation after oral capecitabine treatment in a rectum cancer patient with isolated anti-HBc IgG positivity.

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in the setting of chemotherapy and immunosuppressive therapy is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Herein we present a case of HBV reactivation after oral capecitabine treatment in a patient with rectum cancer and isolated anti-HBc IgG positivity.

Case Report: A 57-year-old man was consulted from the oncology clinic because of increased serum liver tests after chemotherapy.

A Simple Method for Endoscopic Treatment of Large Gastric Phytobezoars: "Hand-Made Bezoaratome".

Background: Large gastric phytobezoars are generally resistant to standard chemical or endoscopic treatments. We presented our experience of an alternative endoscopic method using a hand-made tool called a "hand-made bezoaratome" for the treatment of large gastric phytobezoars.

Methods: Patients who consulted or who were diagnosed with gastric bezoars at an education and research hospital between January 2015 and December 2018 were prospectively included in the study.

Pancreaticobiliary maljunction in Turkish patients: a multicenter case series.

Background And Aims: Pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) is a malformation in which the pancreatic and bile ducts join outside the duodenal wall. It is associated with various biliary and pancreatic diseases. In addition, patients with PBM carry a substantial lifetime risk of developing biliary or gallbladder carcinoma.

The Classification of Biliary Strictures in Patients With Right-Lobe Liver Transplant Recipients and Its Relation to Traversing the Stricture With a Guidewire.

Background: Traversing the stricture with a guidewire is a prerequisite for the endoscopic treatment of biliary strictures after living donor liver transplantation. We aimed to evaluate the effect of variations in the biliary anastomosis and strictures on the success of endoscopic treatment and suggest a cholangiographic classification.

Methods: The 125 strictures among the 104 patients with right-lobe living donor liver transplantation were reviewed.

The Importance of Eosinopenia for Predicting Treatment Response in Patients with Cholangitis.

Objective: To compare recovery of eosinopenia, C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin levels in predicting the response to treatment in patients with cholangitis.

Study Design: Descriptive, analytical study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Department of Gastroenterology, Sakarya Training and Research Hospital, Turkey between September 2018 and February 2019.

Comparison of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Entecavir in the Prophylaxis of HBV Reactivation.

Introduction: Current guidelines recommend starting antiviral prophylaxis to prevent hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in patients receiving immunosuppressive treatments (IST). The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) for prophylaxis.

Methods: Patients, who were HBsAg and/or anti-HBc IgG positive and scheduled to receive IST for oncologic and hematologic diseases, were enrolled into the study.

HBV flare associated with immunosuppressive treatments: it is still dangerous in the third-generation antivirals era.

Background: There are limited data about the mortality and morbidity of patients with HBV flare related to immunosuppressive treatments (IST) in the third-generation antivirals era. Herein, we performed a multi-centric study in patients treated with entecavir (ETV) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and evaluated their clinical course.

Methods: The study group included patients who were referred to gastroenterology or infectious disease specialists at eight different hospitals in Turkey.

Fully Covered Self-Expandable Metal Stens eliminate surgical repair requirement in both endoscopic sphincterotomy and precut sphincterotomy-related perforation (with video).

Objective: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)-related perforations occur in 0.3-0.6% of patients.

Rheumatologists' awareness of hepatitis B reactivation before immunosuppressive therapy.

HBV reactivation (HBVr) is a well-known complication of immunosuppressive (IS) treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness of rheumatologists about the risk of HBVr. A survey was sent via e-mail to 270 members of the Turkish Society for Rheumatology.

Biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy: Techniques and complications.

Biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) refers to the cutting of the biliary sphincter and intraduodenal segment of the common bile duct following selective cannulation, using a high frequency current applied with a special knife, sphincterotome, inserted into the papilla. EST is either used solely for the treatment of diseases of the papilla of Vater, such as sphincter of Oddi dysfunction or to facilitate subsequent therapeutic biliary interventions, such as stone extraction, stenting, . It is a prerequisite for biliary interventions, thus every practitioner who performs endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography needs to know different techniques and the clinical and anatomic parameters related to the efficacy and safety of the procedure.

Comparison of monopolar hemostatic forceps with soft coagulation versus hemoclip for peptic ulcer bleeding: a randomized trial (with video).

Background And Aims: Although various methods are used in the treatment of peptic ulcer bleeding, there is not a standard recommended approach. The choice depends on multiple factors such as location of the ulcer, clinical experience of the endoscopist, and local facilities of the clinic. We aimed to compare the efficacy of monopolar hemostatic forceps soft coagulation (MHFSC) and hemoclips (HCs) in the treatment of peptic ulcer-related upper GI bleeding.