Subacute Infarction of Recurrent Artery of Heubner Mimicking CNS Tumor With Correlative Brain MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT Findings.

A 62-year-old man, previously treated for oral cavity carcinoma, presented with new-onset cognitive-motor symptoms. Brain MRI revealed a periventricular, avidly enhancing lesion in the right anterior basal ganglia and hypothalamus suspicious for a brain tumor, particularly CNS lymphoma. 18F-FDG brain PET/CT showed corresponding uptake suggestive of primary brain tumor, lymphoma, or metastasis.

Multidisciplinary Recommendations Regarding Post-Vaccine Adenopathy and Radiologic Imaging: Scientific Expert Panel.

Vaccination-associated adenopathy is a frequent imaging finding after administration of COVID-19 vaccines that may lead to a diagnostic conundrum in patients with manifest or suspected cancer, in whom it may be indistinguishable from malignant nodal involvement. To help the medical community address this concern in the absence of studies and evidence-based guidelines, this special report offers recommendations developed by a multidisciplinary panel of experts from three of the leading tertiary care cancer centers in the United States. According to these recommendations, some routine imaging examinations, such as those for screening, should be scheduled before or at least 6 weeks after the final vaccination dose to allow for any reactive adenopathy to resolve.

Delayed posthypoxic leukoencephalopathy: a case series and review of the literature.

Background: Delayed posthypoxic leukoencephalopathy (DPHL) is a rare and underrecognized entity where patients manifest a neurological relapse after initial recovery from an acute hypoxic episode. We sought to describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a group of patients with DPHL and review the available literature.

Methods: Retrospective case series including patients who presented with neurological and/or psychiatric symptoms after recovery from an acute hypoxic episode.

High-resolution CISS MR imaging with and without contrast for evaluation of the upper cranial nerves: segmental anatomy and selected pathologic conditions of the cisternal through extraforaminal segments.

The authors review the course and appearance of the major segments of the upper cranial nerves from their apparent origin at the brainstem through the proximal extraforaminal region, focusing on the imaging and anatomic features of particular relevance to high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging evaluation. Selected pathologic entities are included in the discussion of the corresponding cranial nerve segments for illustrative purposes.

Anatomic considerations, nomenclature, and advanced cross-sectional imaging techniques for visualization of the cranial nerve segments by MR imaging.

Various methods of cross-sectional imaging are used for visualization of the cranial nerves, relying heavily on MR imaging. The success of the MR imaging sequences for visualization of cranial nerves depends on their anatomic context at the point of evaluation. The heterogeneity of opinion regarding optimal evaluation of the cranial nerves is partly a function of the complexity of cranial nerve anatomy.

Sonography of fat necrosis of the breast: correlation with mammography and MR imaging.

Fat necrosis (FN) of the breast is a benign nonsuppurative inflammatory process of the adipose tissue. The radiologic appearance ranges from benign to suspicious for malignancy; therefore, it is very important to know the distinguishing radiologic features of FN on different modalities. Mammography is more helpful in identifying FN than ultrasonography in most of the cases, and MRI may also be used to rule out malignancy as an adjunct to mammography and sonography.

Organizing hematoma mimicking brain tumor.

A 64-year-old man was referred to our hospital with progressive loss of function in his right upper and lower extremities. Unenhanced computed tomographic showed a high-density nodular lesion in the left basal ganglion with surrounding hypoattenuation. Brain magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a predominantly cystic mass with multiple internal septa and an eccentric solid component showing enhancement.

Comparison of two methods for the estimation of subcortical volume and asymmetry using magnetic resonance imaging: a methodological study.

Purpose: The subcortical brain structures are associated with other structures of nervous system; therefore, they have major influence on sensory-motor, limbic and cognitive information processing. Magnetic resonance imaging provides a detailed knowledge of normal and diseased anatomical structures for medical research. The aim of the current study was to compare the volumes of subcortical brain structures and determine the probable volumetric asymmetry in healthy subjects using stereological (point-counting) and semi-automatic segmentation methods.

Clinical and radiologic features of fungal diseases of the paranasal sinuses.

Objective: To document the clinical and imaging characteristics of fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS).

Methods: Imaging studies of 28 patients with FRS were retrospectively analyzed, considering the type of fungal disease, location, signal characteristics, bone changes, expansion, and extrasinus extension.

Results: Acute invasive FRS showed unilateral pacifications of the sinonasal cavity, perisinus fat infiltration and/or bone destruction.

The efficacy of bioceramics for the closure of burr-holes in craniotomy: case studies on 14 patients.

Purpose: Bioceramics are currently in use to cover bone defects in orthopedics and craniofacial surgery. But their compatibility and efficacy in cranium were not investigated in detail. The aims of this study were to produce, characterize, and assess the biocompatibility and osteointegration of Si-HA, Si-Sr-HA, HA-Wollastonite, and HA-Wollastonite-Frit bioceramics.

Comparison of three methods for the estimation of pineal gland volume using magnetic resonance imaging.

Pineal gland is a very important neuroendocrine organ with many physiological functions such as regulating circadian rhythm. Radiologically, the pineal gland volume is clinically important because it is usually difficult to distinguish small pineal tumors via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although many studies have estimated the pineal gland volume using different techniques, to the best of our knowledge, there has so far been no stereological work done on this subject.

Facial vein aneurysm associated with sialadenitis.

A 20 year-old man presented with pain and swelling of the left submandibular area. Neck sonography revealed enlargement of the submandibular gland, coarsening of its echotexture with a few calculi and a multiloculated cystic lesion. Doppler sonography revealed venous flow within the cystic lesion and aneurysmal dilatation of the adjacent facial vein.

Imaging of extranodal lymphoma with PET/CT.

Hodgkin disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) represent a spectrum of malignant neoplasms arising from the lymphoid system with an incidence of around 8% of all malignancies. Although they are generally known as tumors of lymph nodes, 25% to 40% of HD/NHL tumors, especially NHL, arise at extranodal sites along the gastrointestinal tract, head and neck, orbit, central and peripheral nervous system, thorax, bone, skin, breast, testis, thyroid, and genitourinary tract. Extranodal involvement is an important pretreatment prognostic factor for patients with lymphoma and its incidence has increased in the past 2 decades.

Pararectal mass: an atypical location of splenosis.

Splenosis is the autotransplantation of splenic tissue resulting from the dissemination of cells from the pulp of the spleen after splenic injury or splenectomy. Implants can be found anywhere in the peritoneal cavity, especially on the serosal surfaces of small and large bowel, in the mesentery and diaphragm, implanted in visceral organs, within the thorax and brain, and in surgical scars and may vary in number, shape, and size. We described the sonographic, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings of pararectal splenosis in a 23-year-old man.

Risk factors associated with breast arterial calcifications.

Background: A number of studies have linked the presence of breast arterial calcifications (BACs) with an increased risk of diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), and cardiovascular mortality. Because there is a well-established screening system for breast cancer, it has been proposed that the presence of BACs can be used as a warning sign indicating an increased risk of metabolic and vascular diseases.

Purpose: To determine the relation between BAC and early renal dysfunction.

Diagnostic accuracy of multidetector computed tomography for patients with suspected scaphoid fractures and negative radiographic examinations.

Purpose: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in detecting occult scaphoid fractures.

Materials And Methods: A total of 54 patients with a clinically suspected scaphoid fracture and negative initial conventional radiographs were evaluated with 64-row MDCT wrist examinations within 1 week of the trauma. The gold standard used was the diagnosis on MRI done within 1 week after MDCT.

Retained surgical sponge in differential diagnosis of paraspinal soft-tissue mass after posterior spinal surgery: report of eight cases.

Background: In the postoperative period of posterior spinal surgery, surgeons usually encounter a wide spectrum of complications, including retained surgical sponge, gossypiboma.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective review of case records of eight patients diagnosed with gossypiboma with emphasis on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.

Results: All the eight patients presented with low back pain and/or symptoms of infection, such as draining from the incision site, fever, and tenderness.

Multidetector computed tomography findings of double-outlet right ventricle associated with multiple cardiac and visceral anomalies.

A 25-year-old woman who had undergone the Blalock-Taussig shunt operation for double-outlet right ventricle (DORV) in her childhood was admitted to our hospital with mild cyanosis and dyspnea on exertion. To evaluate the precise complex anatomy of this abnormality, we carried out multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography. MDCT clearly revealed both an occluded Blalock-Taussig shunt and a complex cardiac anatomy, including DORV, a doubly committed ventriculoseptal defect, pulmonary stenosis, persistent left superior vena cava, minor aortic arch anomalies, and total anomalous hepatic venous drainage.

The buried bumper syndrome: the usefulness of retrieval PEG tubes in its management.

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy is a safe and easy method and carries a low mortality and complication rate. The buried bumper syndrome is a rare and late complication of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement. An 80-year-old man with bilateral basal ganglia bleeding was unable to swallow safely and required tube feeding.

Prolapsing ectopic ureterocele presenting as a vulval mass in a newborn girl.

Prolapse of the ureterocele and its presentation as a vulval mass is an extremely rare condition. There are no detailed imaging findings of such cases in the literature. We present voiding cystourethrography and MRI findings of a newborn girl with a ureterocele extending through the urethra.

Median arcuate ligament syndrome: multidetector computed tomography findings.

Objective: We aimed to describe the clinical and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography findings of celiac, mesenteric, and renal artery entrapment by the median arcuate ligament.

Materials And Methods: Patients (n = 453) who underwent MDCT abdominal aorta angiography in a period of 3 years were retrospectively reviewed for vascular compression by median arcuate ligament known as median arcuate ligament syndrome. The MDCT examinations were performed with 16-slice (n = 292) and 64-slice scanners (n = 161).

Treatment of hypertension from renal artery entrapment by percutaneous CT-guided botulinum toxin injection into diaphragmatic crus as alternative to surgery and stenting.

Objective: Our objective was to describe the technique and outcome of CT-guided injection of botulinum toxin into the diaphragmatic crus in a patient with hypertension caused by left diaphragmatic crus compression of the left renal artery.

Conclusion: After the procedure, the patient's hypertension disappeared. We propose this technique, which directly targets inhibition of overactivity of the diaphragmatic crus, for treatment of hypertension caused by diaphragmatic compression of the renal artery as an alternative to surgery and renal artery stenting.

Extrahepatic abdominal hydatid disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus: imaging findings.

Objective: The classical findings in hydatid disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus with liver or lung involvement are well known. However, diagnosing hydatid disease at unusual locations may be challenging because of variable imaging appearances depending on the host reaction. The purpose of this pictorial essay is to review the sonographic, CT, and MRI features of extrahepatic abdominal hydatid disease including intraperitoneum, retroperitoneum, diaphragma, bone, and soft tissue of the abdomen.

Thoracoabdominal aorta coarctation with bilateral renal artery involvement: diagnosis with multidetector CT angiography (MDCTA).

Atypical coarctation of the descending thoracic and abdominal aorta is a very uncommon vascular disease. Congenital, acquired, inflammatory, and infectious etiologies have been proposed. Patients typically presents with uncontrolled secondary hypertension in the upper half of the body or hypotension in the lower extremities in the first three decades of their lives.