Ultrahigh-resolution 7-Tesla anatomic magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging of formalin-fixed human brainstem-cerebellum complex.

Introduction: Brain cross-sectional images, tractography, and segmentation are valuable resources for neuroanatomical education and research but are also crucial for neurosurgical planning that may improve outcomes in cerebellar and brainstem interventions. Although ultrahigh-resolution 7-Tesla (7T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) reveal such structural brain details in living or fresh unpreserved brain tissue, imaging standard formalin-preserved cadaveric brain specimens often used for neurosurgical anatomic studies has proven difficult. This study sought to develop a practical protocol to provide anatomic information and tractography results of an human brainstem-cerebellum specimen.

Historical Roots of Modern Neurosurgical Cadaveric Research Practices: Dissection, Preservation, and Vascular Injection Techniques.

Because of the complexity of the brain and its structures, anatomical knowledge is fundamental in neurosurgery. Anatomical dissection, body preservation, and vascular injection remain essential for training, teaching, and refining surgical techniques. This article explores the historical development of these practices and provides the contextual background of modern neurosurgical cadaveric brain models.

Survival Rate of High-Rise Syndrome Cases Using Animal Trauma Triage Score in Cats.

Objective:  To assess the data of high-rise syndrome (HRS) cases and determine the relationship between Animal Trauma Triage Score (ATTS), height, injury profile, and survival rate of patients.

Study Design:  Retrospective study evaluating cats with HRS within a 4-year period.

Results:  A logistic regression analysis which included height, ground type, and ATTS variables was performed to predict survival rate of patients.

Protective Effects of Adropin in Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate early effects of exogenously administered adropin (AD) on neurological function, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression, nitrite/nitrate levels, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Methods: Following intracerebroventricular AD administration (10 µg/5 µl at a rate of 1 µl/min) SAH model was carried out in Sprague-Dawley rats by injection of autologous blood into the prechiasmatic cistern. The effects of AD were assessed 24 h following SAH.

Endoscopic Bilateral Optic Nerve Decompression for Treatment of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.

Objective: To evaluate the results of bilateral endoscopic optic nerve decompression (EOND) with the opening nerve sheath (ONS) technique in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).

Methods: Between the years of 2017 and 2019, we retrospectively evaluated nine IIH patients with progressive visual impairment despite medical treatment and who were treated with the EOND and ONS techniques. We also demonstrated our surgical technique recipe on postmortem human heads in a stepwise manner.

Comparison of Molecular Markers and Classical Histopathological Diagnostic Methods in Grade II and III Glial Tumors and Their Prognostic Outcomes.

Aim: To demonstrate the changes in Grade II and III glial tumors after WHO 2016 Brain Tumors Classification.

Material And Methods: The previous diagnoses and postoperative treatment of the 83 patients were recorded. We used real-time PCR (mutation assay) for the analysis of IDH1 and IDH2, while we used FISH test to determine 1p/19q codeletion.

Cervical intradural extramedullary epidermoid cyst at the background of congenital scoliosis with a semi-segmented C6 hemivertebra.

In the present case study, we present a female adolescent patient harboring a rare clinical presentation of spinal intradural extramedullary epidermoid cyst concomitant with congenital scoliosis. A 17-year-old female patient was admitted to the clinic with long-lasting neck pain. She was neurologically intact yet had cervicothoracic scoliosis.

Management of Complete Talocrural Luxations by Selective Talocrural Arthrodesis using Hybrid Transarticular External Skeletal Fixation in Dogs.

Objective:  This article presents a novel surgical technique in the management of open complete talocrural luxations and evaluates the results, and clinical benefits with its routine clinical utilization.

Study Design:  Retrospective study.

Animals:  Seventeen medium- or large-breed client-owned dogs of different breed, age and sex with complete talocrural luxations and radiographic follow-up of at least 24 weeks duration.

Management of traumatic tarsal luxations with transarticular external fixation in cats.

Objective: To report our experience with the use of contoured mini circular transarticular external skeletal fixators for the management of traumatic tarsal luxations in 15 cats.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen cats with traumatic tarsal joint luxation treated by using mini circular transarticular external fixators with available clinical records and complete clinical and radiographic follow-up of at least 30 weeks duration were included in the study. Data collected were the signalment, history, type of injury, concomitant injury, frame configuration, stabilization technique, duration of the surgery, time to first use of the operated limb, fixator removal time, complications, final outcome and follow-up.

Effects of electromagnetic field (1.8/0.9 GHz) exposure on growth plate in growing rats.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of whole-body electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure on growth plates in growing male rats. Two groups of rats were exposed to either 900 MHz EMF or 1800 MHz EMF 2 h/day for 90 days. Sham control rats were kept under similar conditions without exposure to the EMF.

Assessment of the Effects of Curacel and Bone Wax on the Acute Oroantral Opening Site by means of Computer Tomography and Histopathology.

Purpose: In this study, the effects of Curacel TM oxidized regenerated cellulose and bone wax on the healing bone were compared to each other by means of CT based bone density measurement and histopathological evaluation.

Methods: The bone density measurements of the control group were significantly higher than those of both Curacel and bone wax groups.

Results: There was no significant difference between Curacel and bone wax.

Evaluation of bee venom and hyaluronic acid in the intra-articular treatment of osteoarthritis in an experimental rabbit model.

The aim of this study was to investigate bee venom and hyaluronic acid in the intra-articular treatment of osteoarthritis in an experimental rabbit model. Forty-five rabbits were used and they were randomly divided into three groups (BVI, BVII, and HA) and each group was divided to two subgroups to evaluate the radiologic, magnetic resonance imaging, histopathologic, and biochemical evaluation in post treatment second week (a) and twelfth week (b). Radiologically, a significant difference was observed in the HA group (P<0.

Management of femoral fractures in dogs with unilateral semicircular external skeletal fixators.

Objective: To report use of semicircular external skeletal fixators (ESF) for management of femoral fractures in dogs.

Study Design: Prospective clinical study.

Animals: Dogs (n=16) with femoral fractures (n=18).

Effects of three types of honey on cutaneous wound healing.

Unlabelled:  Aim. To evaluate the effects of three types of honey (chestnut, blossom, and rhododendron) on the healing of full-thickness wounds.

Methods: Twenty-four (24) New Zealand White female rabbits were used.

The role of extruded disk material in thoracolumbar intervertebral disk disease: a retrospective study in 40 dogs.

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of the dispersed or nondispersed form of the extruded disk material (EDM) on the neurological status and surgical outcomes in Hansen thoracolumbar intervertebral disk disease Type I (IVDD-I). Medical records of 40 dogs with IVDD-I were reviewed, including neurologic status on admission, findings on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), intraoperative findings, and surgical outcomes. In MRI evaluations, EDM was on the right in 16, on the left in 18, and centrally in 6 cases; in all cases, findings were confirmed by surgery.

Nasca classification of hemivertebra in five dogs.

: Five dogs, four small mixed breed and a Doberman Pinscher, presented in our clinic with hemivertebra. Complete physical, radiological and neurological examinations were done and the spinal deformities were characterized in accord with the Nasca classification used in human medicine. Two dogs had multiple hemivertebrae (round, oval or wedge-shaped: Type 3) in the thoracic region; one dog had an individual surplus half vertebral body (Type 1) plus a wedge-shaped hemivertebra (Type 2b) in the lumbar region; one dog had multiple hemivertebrae which were fused on one side (Type 4a) in the thoracic region; and one dog had a wedge-shaped hemivertebra (Type 2a) in the cervical region.