Clinical Contribution of Standardized Terminology for Pancreatic Lesions' Cytopathology.

Introduction: Demonstration of diagnostic contribution of Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology-standardized nomenclature for pancreaticobiliary cytology (PSC-PC) in endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) fine-needle biopsy (FNA) biopsies is important for widespread use and further development.

Methods: 179 EUS-FNA biopsies (89: solid, 90: cystic) and PSC-PC categories were compared with surgical definite histopathology and definite clinical diagnosis. Overall risk of malignancy (oROM) was calculated for each PSC-PC category.

Prevalence of fecal incontinence and associated risk factors in elderly outpatients: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Data on the prevalence of fecal incontinence in elderly patients admitted to outpatient clinics in Turkey are scarce.

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of fecal incontinence and the associated risk factors in the elderly outpatients.

Methods: Patients 60 years and older admitted to a geriatrics outpatient clinic between October 2013 and March 2014 were included.

Role of oxidative stress and insulin resistance in disease severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background/aims: Oxidative stress and insulin resistance (IR) are major contributors in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The purpose of this study was to find the relation between oxidative stress parameters and histopathological findings in NAFLD patients with and without insulin resistance (IR).

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two patients with no alcohol intake and biopsy-proven diagnosis of NAFLD were studied (M/F: 17/15; mean age 46.

Long-Term Palliative Effect of Stenting in Gastric Outlet Obstruction Due to Transarterial Chemoembolization with Yttrium-90 in a Patient with Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumor.

Internal radioembolization with yttrium-90 is a promising treatment method, predominantly for liver tumors. However, the shifting of yttrium-90-loaded spherules into the arteries and veins that supply the duodenum and stomach, leading to ulceration, hemorrhage, perforation, and outlet obstruction of these organs, is one of the major undesirable consequences of this technique. We report a case of gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) due to antropyloric stenosis with ulceration, edema, and inflammation following transarterial yttrium-90 treatment for a metastatic neuroendocrine tumor in a 58-year-old man.

A Case of Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis with Ascites.

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a rare disorder of unknown cause characterized by focal or diffuse eosinophilic infiltration of gastrointestinal tract, especially the stomach and duodenum. Its clinical presentation depends on which segment of gastrointestinal tract is affected and on the depth of eosinophilic infiltration in the affected segment. We present a case of a 35-year-old male with abdominal distention for six months.

The changing pattern of upper gastrointestinal disorders by endoscopy: data of the last 40 years.

Objectives. We have investigated the changes in the incidence of various diagnoses that have been made in the endoscopy unit throughout the last 40 years. Methods.

Self-expandable metallic stent placement in the palliative treatment of malignant obstruction of gastric outlet and duodenum.

Background/aims: To asses the usefulness of flexible metallic stents in the palliation of malignant obstruction of gastric outlet and duodenum.

Methods: Retrospective review was performed between January 2006 and December 2011 in 30 patients. Thirty consecutive patients with obstruction of the gastric outlet underwent palliative treatment with self-expandable flexible metallic stents.

Gastric balloon to treat obesity: filled with air or fluid?

Background: Our aim was to study the efficacy and safety of different types of intragastric balloon in morbidly obese patients.

Patients And Methods: From 2005 to 2011, intragastric balloons were inserted endoscopically into 32 patients. Intragastric balloons were used in morbidly obese (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 35 kg/m(2) ) individuals who were non-responsive to 6-month medical therapy and diet.

A case of eosinophilic gastroenteritis mimicking gastric lymphoma associated with pancreatitis due to duodenal involvement.

A case of eosinophilic gastroenteritis is reported in a 17-year-old woman. The disease has the signs of delayed gastric emptying, vomiting, weight loss, and substantial thickening of the gastric antrum. Histopathology established the diagnosis of eosinophilic gastroenteritis of panmural type.

Collagenous colitis: a retrospective survey of patients with chronic diarrhea.

Background/aims: The aim of this retrospective survey is to determine the frequency of collagenous colitis among patients who presented with chronic diarrhea to our gastroenterology outpatient clinic and to evaluate the demographic, clinical and laboratory findings of these patients and the treatment modalities.

Methodology: We reviewed the charts of the patients who had presented with chronic diarrhea to our outpatient clinic during four years. We identified the patients who were diagnosed to have collagenous colitis on histopathological examination.

Palliation of malignant esophageal obstruction and fistulas with self expandable metallic stents.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of self expandable metallic stents (SEMS) in patients with malignant esophageal obstruction and fistulas.

Methods: SEMS were implanted in the presence of fluoroscopic guidance in patients suffering from advanced and non-resectable esophageal, cardiac and invasive lung cancer between 2002 and 2009. All procedures were performed under conscious sedation.

Autoantibody frequency in celiac disease.

Aim: In our study, we investigated the levels of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (anti-GAD), islet cell antibody (ICA), thyroperoxidase antibody (anti-TPO), thyroglobulin antibody (anti-TG), antinuclear antibodies (FANA), antibodies to double-stranded DNA (anti-ds DNA), antibody to Sjögren syndrome A antigen (anti-SSA), antibody to Sjögren syndrome B antigen (anti-SSB), Smith antibody (anti-Sm), smooth muscle antibodies (ASMA), and antimitochondrial antibody liver-kidney microsome (AMA-LKM) in patients with celiac disease as compared to healthy controls and autoimmune hypothyroid patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 31 patients with celiac disease, 34 patients with autoimmune hypothyroidism and 29 healthy subjects were included in this study. Anti-SSA, anti-SSB, anti-Sm, anti-ds DNA, anti-GAD, anti-TPO and anti-TG were studied by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), and AMA-LKM, ASMA, ANA and ICA were studied by immunofluorescence.

Critical pH level of lye (NaOH) for esophageal injury.

Aim/background: Lye (NaOH) ingestion in humans often results in alkaline damage to the esophagus, but knowledge about this process is limited. Here, we explore the effects of lye on esophageal epithelial structure and function using rabbit esophageal epithelium as a model of lye ingestion.

Methods: Rabbit esophageal epithelium was mounted in Ussing chambers so that the electrical potential difference (PD), short-circuit current (I (sc)), and transepithelial resistance (R (T)) could be monitored before, during, and after mucosal exposure to lye (NaOH) at pHs ranging from 7.

Role of host interleukin 1beta gene (IL-1B) and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist gene (IL-1RN) polymorphisms in clinical outcomes in Helicobacter pylori-positive Turkish patients with dyspepsia.

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection leads to different clinical outcomes depending on both host and bacterial factors. In a recent study, we identified H. pylori cagE and babA2 genotypes as independent predictors of duodenal ulcer (DU) and gastric cancer (GC) in dyspepsia patients, but no previous studies have examined the role of host-related genetic factors in Turkey.

Analysis of serum antibody profile against H pylori VacA and CagA antigens in Turkish patients with duodenal ulcer.

Aim: To investigate the frequency of seropositivity against CagA, VacA proteins and to determine their independent effects on the development of duodenal ulcer (DU) in Turkish patients.

Methods: The study was designed as a prospective one from a tertiary referral hospital. Dyspeptic patients who were referred to our endoscopy unit for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy between June 2003 and March 2004 and diagnosed to have DU or nonulcer dyspepsia (NUD) were included.

Complicated granulomatous colitis in a patient with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, successfully treated with infliximab.

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder which is characterised by the triad of oculocutaneous albinism, platelet dysfunction and accumulation of ceroidlike pigment in tissues. Complications of the syndrome, such as fatal pulmonary fibrosis, renal failure and cardiomyopathy have been described. Granulomatous colitis has been documented in several families with the HPS.

Long-term results of graded pneumatic dilatation under endoscopic guidance in patients with primary esophageal achalasia.

Aim: Achalasia is the best known primary motor disorder of the esophagus in which the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) has abnormally high resting pressure and incomplete relaxation with swallowing. Pneumatic dilatation remains the first choice of treatment. The aims of this study were to determine the long term clinical outcome of treating achalasia initially with pneumatic dilatation and usefulness of pneumatic dilatation technique under endoscopic observation without fluoroscopy.

Fasciola hepatica infestation as a very rare cause of extrahepatic cholestasis.

Fasciola hepatica, an endemic parasite in Turkey, is still a very rare cause of cholestasis worldwide. Through ingestion of contaminated water plants like watercress, humans can become the definitive host of this parasite. Cholestatic symptoms may be sudden but in some cases they may be preceded by a long period of fever, eosinophilia and vague gastrointestinal symptoms.