Cross-validation of the Turkish version of the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ 25).

Purpose: To test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the self-administered form of the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ 25).

Methods: Patients with no limitations to respond to a health status interview and affected by a chronic eye disease were enrolled. The Turkish versions of the abbreviated form of World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) and the NEI-VFQ 25 instruments were administered to all participants.

Trypan blue staining of the anterior capsule under an air bubble with a modified cannula.

To attain good visibility of the anterior capsule in the advanced or white cataract, trypan blue 0.1% is used to stain the anterior capsule. The dye is usually injected under an air bubble.

Tear function changes of postmenopausal women in response to hormone replacement therapy.

Objective: The goal of this study was to search the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on tear function changes in postmenopausal women.

Methods: Following initial ophtalmic evaluation and tear sample collection, the subjects were given daily 0.625 mg conjugated estrogen, and either continuous combined or cyclic 5 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate was added.

A histological analysis of the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning in the rat retina.

Purpose: Ischemic preconditioning (IP) protects the retina from the damaging effect of subsequent ischemia in vivo. We aimed to investigate the histological alterations induced by the protective effect of IP to the retina.

Methods: The eyes of the rats were rendered ischemic by intra-ocular pressure (IOP) elevation.