Adsorption of VOC vapors on ZnPc: sensing and kinetic studies.

Thin film of sensing unit, 2,3,9,10,16,17-hexakis(3-dietylaminophenoxy)-23-etynylphenyl-(2-ferrocenyl-o-carborane)phthalocyaninato zinc(II) (ZnPc), have been deposited by spray pyrolysis technique on the quartz crystal surface with a fundamental resonance frequency of 10 MHz. The surface morphology of the film has been studied using the contact mode atomic force microscope (AFM) technique and the average surface roughness was determined to be 36.4 nm.

Triphenylamine substituted copper and zinc phthalocyanines as alternative hole-transporting materials for solution-processed perovskite solar cells.

In the present study, new peripheral substituted Zn(II) and Cu(II) phthalocyanine derivatives (p-ZnPc and p-CuPc) bearing bulky aromatic triphenylamine groups were synthesized as alternative hole-transporting materials (HTMs). The structures of the new phthalocyanine derivatives (p-ZnPc and p-CuPc) were illuminated by various spectroscopic techniques such as mass spectrometry and H, and C-NMR. After structural analysis, their photophysical properties in solution and the solid phase were examined by UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Synthesis and photovoltaic properties of novel ferrocene-substituted metallophthalocyanines.

In this paper, a series of new metallophthalocyanines, including ferrocene groups, were designed, synthesized and, characterized, and their photovoltaic properties were investigated as alternative electron-donor materials in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells. These products were synthesized by a Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction between tetraiodophthalocyanine and ethynyl ferrocene. The newly synthesized phthalocyanines (4-6) were characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis, H NMR, and MALDI-TOF spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis.

Unsymmetrical zinc phthalocyanines containing thiophene and amine groups as donor for bulk heterojunction solar cells.

Photovoltaic technology is an alternative resource for renewable and sustainable energy and low costs organic photovoltaic devices such as bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells, which are selective candidates for the effective conversion of solar energy into electricity. Asymmetric phthalocyanines containing electron acceptor and donor groups create high photovoltaic conversion efficiency in dye sensitized solar cells. In this study, a new unsymmetrical zinc phthalocyanine was designed and synthesized including thiophene and amine groups at peripherally positions for BHJ solar cell.

Investigation of the photoconductive properties of thiophene substituted metallo-phthalocyanines.

The synthesis of 4-(thiophen-3-ylethynyl)phthalonitrile was achieved via the Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction. Herein, we report the synthesis of symmetrical metallo-phthalocyanines with cobalt, zinc, and manganese as the metal ions, and tetrakis(ethynylthiophene) groups substituted at the peripheral positions. The new compounds have been characterized by using mass, H NMR, C NMR, FT-IR and UV-vis spectroscopy.

Sensing alcohol vapours with novel unsymmetrically substituted metallophthalocyanines.

Unsymmetrically substituted phthalocyanines were synthesized by the well-known statistical condensation method using two differently substituted precursors, 4-tert-butylphthalonitrile and 4-(4-pyrrol-1-yl)phenoxyphthalonitrile. Spin-coated thin films of these compounds were subsequently exposed to varying concentrations of methanol, ethanol and butanol between 25 and 150 ppm in order to investigate the effects of the number of carbon atoms in the alcohol vapors. The results of this preliminary investigation indicated that sensor performance parameters such as sensitivity, response and recovery time strongly depend on the number of carbon atoms in the analyte molecules.

Electric field assisted deposition of E. coli bacteria into the pores of porous silicon.

The effect of the electric field strength on the Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria deposition into the pores of porous silicon was investigated by impedance spectroscopy technique. The main idea behind this approach is that negatively charged E.

π-Extended hexadeca-substituted cobalt phthalocyanine as an active layer for organic field-effect transistors.

Due to their flexibility and solution applicability, organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) are considered prominent candidates for application in flexible and low-cost devices. A soluble phthalocyaninato cobalt(ii) complex was designed and synthesized based on a hexadeca-substitution pattern by introducing peripheral phenylethynyl groups and non-peripheral n-butoxy groups. The cobalt phthalocyanine derivative was characterized using a wide range of spectroscopic and electrochemical methods, as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.

Ferrocenyl Phthalocyanine as Donor in Non-Poly(3-hexylthiophen-2,5-diyl) Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cell.

Bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells might one day play a vital role in realizing low-cost and environmentally benign photovoltaic devices. In this work, a BHJ solar cell was designed, based on a hexadeca-substituted phthalocyanine (FcPc) with ferrocenyl linked to the phthalocyanine ring. Next, we sought to obtain more quantitative information about the usability of this newly synthesized compound as a donor material in BHJ solar cells.

Bridged oxide nanowire device fabrication using single step metal catalyst free thermal evaporation.

In this study, indium-tin-zinc-oxide (ITZO) and Zn doped InO nanowires were directly grown as bridged nanowires between two heavily doped silicon (Si) electrodes on an SOI wafer using single step vapor-solid-solid (VSS) growth method. SEM analysis showed highly dense and self aligned nanowire formation between the Si electrodes. Electrical and UV response measurements were performed in ambient condition.

o-Carborane, Ferrocene, and Phthalocyanine Triad for High-Mobility Organic Field-Effect Transistors.

An unsymmetrical zinc phthalocyanine with ferrocenylcarborane linked to the phthalocyanine ring through a phenylethynyl spacer was designed for organic field-effect transistor (OFET). The unsymmetrical phthalocyanine derivatives were characterized using a wide range of spectroscopic and electrochemical methods. In particular, the ferrocenylcarborane structure was unambiguously revealed based on the single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.

Spectroscopic, electrochemical and photovoltaic properties of Pt(ii) and Pd(ii) complexes of a chelating 1,10-phenanthroline appended perylene diimide.

In this study, a bis-chelating bridging perylene diimide ditopic ligand, namely N,N'-di(1,10-phenanthroline)-1,6,7,12-tetrakis-(4-methoxyphenoxy)perylene tetracarboxylic acid diimide (1), was synthesized and characterized. Further reactions of 1 with d metal ions such as Pt(ii) and Pd(ii) having preferential square-planar geometry afforded the novel triads [(Cl)M(ii)-(1)-M(ii)(Cl)] where M(ii) = Pt(ii) (2), and Pd(ii) (3), respectively. The isolated triads and the key precursor were fully characterized by FT-IR, 1D-NMR (H NMR and C DEPT NMR), 2D-NMR (H-H COSY, H-C HSQC, H-C HMBC), MALDI-TOF mass and UV/Vis spectroscopy.

Microwave-assisted synthesis of novel non-peripherally substituted metallophthalocyanines and their sensing behaviour for a broad range of Lewis bases.

The synthesis of novel, symmetrical, tetrasubstituted metallophthalocyanines (cobalt, zinc, and manganese) bearing four 2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethoxy units is reported. The new compounds have been characterized using UV-Vis, IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, and mass spectroscopy data. Photophysical properties of zinc(ii) phthalocyanines were found, including electronic absorption and fluorescence quantum yields.

Synthesis, characterization and gas sensing properties of novel homo and hetero dinuclear ball-type phthalocyanines.

New ball-type homodinuclear Co(ii)-Co(ii) phthalocyanine () and ball-type heterodinuclear Co(ii)-Fe(ii) phthalocyanine () were synthesized from the corresponding [2,10,16,24-tetrakis{4,4'-cyclohexylidenebis(2-cyclohexyphenoxyphthalonitrile)}phthalocyaninatocobalt(ii)] (). The novel compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-Vis and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy. Gas sensing capability of the spin coated film of and were studied using amperometric technique at various temperatures.

Gas sensing and electrochemical properties of tetra and octa 2H-chromen-2-one substituted iron(II) phthalocyanines.

The synthesis of novel alpha tetra, beta tetra and beta octa 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-methyl-coumarin-7-oxy, and beta octa 4-chloro-5-(4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-methylcoumarin-7-oxy) substituted iron(II) phthalocyanines has been achieved by the reaction of the corresponding phthalonitriles with iron(II) acetate. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-vis, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The reduction and oxidation properties of the compounds were identified by voltammetric and in situ spectroelectrochemical measurements.

Dielectric properties and electronic absorption: a comparison of novel azo- and oxo-bridged phthalocyanines.

The novel two homologous phthalocyanine (Pc) series (azo- and oxo-bridged) substituted with a 5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl moiety were synthesized and characterized. The physical and chemical properties of the Pcs were compared with each other for the first time. The ac response of the Pcs was also studied by impedance measurements over a temperature range of 300-500 K.

A conformationally stressed novel ball-type perylenediimide appended zinc(II)phthalocyanine hybrid: spectroelectrochemical, electrocolorimetric and photovoltaic properties.

A supramolecule, 6, based on an electron-donor zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and an electron-acceptor perylene diimide (PDI) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, UV/Vis, IR, (1)H NMR and solid state (13)C CPMAS NMR and also MALDI-TOF and ICP mass spectrometry. The PDI appended ZnPc core brings about a geometrical constraint in the molecule with intriguing spectroscopic, electrochemical and photovoltaic properties. The first reduction process of 6 occurs on the PDI core while the first oxidation takes place on the Pc ring.

Coumarin-substituted manganese phthalocyanines: synthesis, characterization, photovoltaic behaviour, spectral and electrochemical properties.

The synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of novel manganese(III) phthalocyanines bearing 7-oxy-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-methylcoumarin or/and chloro groups have been achieved. The effect of alpha and beta substitution on the ligand- and metal-based reduction processes of the manganese phthalocyanine complexes and their interaction with dioxygen were investigated. The more effective interaction of the central metal of the beta coumarin substituted complex with dioxygen than that of its alpha substituted analogue was attributed to the hindrance of the interaction by the nonplanarity in the case of alpha substitution.

Synthesis, characterization, oxygen electrocatalysis and OFET properties of novel mono- and ball-type metallophthalocyanines.

Novel mono- and ball-type Co(ii), Zn(ii) and Cu(ii) metallophthalocyanines (MPcs) were synthesized from 1,1'-p-anisylidenbis(2-naphthoxyphthalonitrile). The MPcs have been characterized by elemental analysis, UV/Vis, IR and (1)H-NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The performances of organic field effect transistors (OFETs) of the dinuclear ball-type MPcs have been compared to those of mononuclear counterparts.

Synthesis, characterization, OFET and electrochemical properties of novel dimeric metallophthalocyanines.

The synthesis of 4,4'-[6,6'-methylenebis (2-(2-(3,4-dicyanophenoxy)-5-methylbenzyl)-4-methyl-6,1-phenylene)] bis (oxy) diphthalonitrile 1 was achieved starting from 4-nitrophthalonitrile and 6,6'-methylenebis(2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl)-4-methylphenol in DMF at 50 °C by the catalysis of K2CO3 under argon. The corresponding dimeric metallophthalocyanines (Zn2Pc2 2 and Co2Pc2 3) were tetramerized in dimethylaminoethanol with the appropriate metal salt. Newly synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, UV-vis, FT-IR (ATR), MALDI-TOF mass and (1)H-NMR spectroscopy techniques.

Synthesis, interface (Au/M2Pc2/p-Si), electrochemical and electrocatalytic properties of novel ball-type phthalocyanines.

The phthalodinitrile derivative (3) was prepared by the reaction of 4,4'-(octahydro-4,7-methano-5H-inden-5-ylidene)bisphenol (1) and 4-nitrophthalonitrile (2) with dry DMF as the solvent in the presence of the base K(2)CO(3) by the method of nucleophilic substitution of an activated nitro group in an aromatic ring. The template reaction of 3 with the corresponding metal salts gave the novel bi-nuclear ball-type metallophthalocyanines, MPcs {M = Co (4), Cu (5), Zn (6)}. Newly synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, UV-vis, FT-IR (ATR), MALDI-TOF mass and (1)H-NMR spectroscopy techniques.

Photovoltaic and electrocatalytic properties of novel ball-type phthalocyanines bridged with four dicumarol.

The new ball-type metallo bisphthalocyanines (Co(2)Pc(2) and Zn(2)Pc(2)) were synthesized from the corresponding [4,4'-bis(dicoumaroylphthalonitrile)] which can be obtained from the reaction of 3,3'-methylenebis(4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one) and 4-nitrophthalonitrile. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds have been confirmed and characterized by elemental analysis, UV/Vis, IR and (1)H NMR spectroscopies and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Solar cells of the configuration ITO/Co(2)Pc(2)/C60/Al and ITO/Zn(2)Pc(2)/C60/Al were fabricated.

Phthalocyanine with a giant dielectric constant.

Compound 1 has been prepared by the reaction of 4-nitrophthalonitrile and trans-2-methoxy-4-(2-nitrovinil)phenol by the common method of nucleophilic substitution of an activated nitro group in an aromatic ring. The metallophthalocyanines 2, 3 were prepared by the reaction of a dinitrile derivative with Co(OAc)(2) or Zn(OAc)(2) in DMSO. The lutetium bis-(phthalocyaninato) complex 4 was obtained by treating the dinitrile derivative with lutetium acetate and DBU in 1-hexanol.

Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical and electrical properties of novel mono and ball-type metallophthalocyanines with four 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene.

The new mono-nuclear 4-5 and ball-type homo-dinuclear 6 phthalocyanines have been synthesized from the corresponding phthalodinitrile derivative 3. The synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, UV-vis, IR,(1)H-NMR and MALDI-TOF-mass spectroscopies. The redox behaviours of the complexes were identified by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry.

Synthesis and characterization, novel across adjacent ring formed phthalocyanine.

Novel mononuclear Zn(ii) 4, Co(ii) 5 and Cu(ii) 6 metallophthalocyanines have been synthesized from 4,4'(ethane-1,1-p-phenol-2,2-p-phenoxy)phthalonitrile 3, which can be obtained by the reaction of 4-nitrophthalonitrile 1 with 1,1,2,2-tetrakis(p-hydroxy-phenyl)-ethane 2. The target water-soluble derivatives of 7-9 were acquired from a boiling suspension of the compounds in aqueous 20% KOH solution. The synthesized complexes have been characterized by UV-vis, IR, (1)H NMR and MALDI-TOF-mass spectroscopies.