Localized Urinary Bladder Amyloidosis as Urothelial Cancer Mimicker.

Context.—: Localized amyloidosis of the bladder is rare and often mimics bladder malignancy. It is typically associated with the extracellular deposition of monoclonal light chains, either κ or λ.

Metabolic syndrome and the urinary microbiome of patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Objective: To identify possible stone-promoting microbes, we compared the profiles of microbes grown from stones of patients with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS). The association between MetS and urinary stone disease is well established, but the exact pathophysiologic relationship remains unknown. Recent evidence suggests urinary tract dysbiosis may lead to increased nephrolithiasis risk.

Using Intraoperative Portable CT Scan to Minimize Reintervention Rates in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Prospective Trial.

More than 40% of patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) are left with residual stone fragments and often require secondary procedures. Portable CT (PCT) technology allows surgeons to obtain intraoperative cross-sectional imaging, identify and extract residual stones immediately, and thereby reduce the need for subsequent procedures. This prospective trial evaluates how incorporation of PCT during PCNL affects perioperative outcomes.

Penile Prosthesis Implantation and Timing Disparities After Radical Prostatectomy: Results From a Statewide Claims Database.

Background: Many patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) after radical prostatectomy (RP) improve with conservative therapy but some do not; penile prosthesis implantation rates have been sparsely reported, and have used nonrepresentative data sets.

Aim: To characterize rates and timing of penile prosthesis implantation after RP and to identify predictors of implantation using a more representative data set.

Methods: The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient and State Ambulatory Surgery databases for Florida from 2006 to 2015 were used.

Implications of the Genitourinary Microbiota in Prostatic Disease.

Purpose Of Review: To summarize recent investigation into associations between the genitourinary microbiota and prostatic disease.

Recent Findings: The genitourinary tract is not sterile. There are microbial communities (microbiota) in each niche of the genitourinary tract including the bladder, prostate, and urethra, which have been the subject of increasing scientific interest.

Socioeconomic and patient-related factors for the management of male urethral stricture disease.

Purpose: We sought to determine the socioeconomic and patient factors that influence the utilization of urethroplasty and location of management in the treatment of male urethral stricture disease.

Methods: A retrospective review using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient and Ambulatory Surgery and Services Databases for California and Florida was performed. Adult men with a diagnosis of urethral stricture who underwent treatment with urethroplasty or endoscopic dilation/urethrotomy between 2007 and 2011 in California and 2009 and 2014 in Florida were identified by ICD-9 or CPT codes.

Male Bladder Microbiome Relates to Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms.

Background: In women, compelling evidence associates lower urinary tract microbiota (LUTM) with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS); a similar association in men with benign prostate enlargement (BPE) is not established.

Objective: To determine whether associations exist between LUTM and LUTS.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Forty-nine male volunteers, aged 40-85 yr, were recruited from one academic tertiary care center.

Broken Sacral Neuromodulation Lead Migration Into the Sigmoid Colon: A Case Report.

Sacral neuromodulation is an effective treatment of urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, and idiopathic urinary retention. The procedure is considered low risk with overall low complication rates. This report describes a 40-year-old woman who underwent sacral neuromodulation explant and full-system implant for weaning efficacy of her device.

Three-Dimensional Renal Parenchymal Volume as a Surrogate for Renal Function Estimation in Obstructed Kidneys Undergoing Surgical Repair.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between renal parenchymal volume (RPV) and renal function in obstructed kidneys using a novel three-dimensional (3D) volume-rendering technique.

Materials And Methods: Forty-seven consecutive patients who underwent pyeloplasty, ureteroureterostomy, or ureteroneocystostomy at a single institution between 2007 and 2013 were reviewed. Patients with preoperative CT scan and split differential functional (SDF) assessment by diuretic renography were included.

Effect of the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor zaprinast on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Purpose: The cardiac and renal protective effects of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors against ischemia-reperfusion injury have recently been demonstrated in animal studies. We evaluated the effect of pretreatment with the PDE-5 inhibitor zaprinast on warm renal ischemia in a rat model.

Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats underwent concomitant right nephrectomy and left renal hilar occlusion for 30 minutes.

Size does matter: donor renal volume predicts recipient function following live donor renal transplantation.

Purpose: With the now routine use of computerized tomography angiography with 3-dimensional reconstruction in the donor evaluation, renal volume can be easily determined using volume calculating software. We evaluated whether donor renal volume could predict recipient renal function.

Materials And Methods: Clinical data of all donor and recipient pairs undergoing live donor kidney transplantation at our institution between January 2006 and October 2009 were reviewed.

Transplant tourism--a dangerous journey?

Introduction: While the ethical aspects of transplant tourism have received much attention recently, less has been written about the medical safety of this practice. We retrospectively evaluated the outcomes of patients who purchased organs internationally and presented to our center for follow-up care.

Methods: Baseline demographic characteristics were recorded.

A novel technique for the removal of minimally encrusted ureteral stents.

The removal of encrusted ureteral stents typically necessitates secondary treatment modalities, such as ureteroscopy, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, or antegrade nephroscopy. We present a novel technique for the removal of minimally encrusted stents using a suture and a ureteral access sheath.