Polyesters containing 2,4-dihydroxy-6-(2-hydroxypropyl)benzoate and 3-hydroxybutyrate moieties have been isolated from many fungal species. was previously reported to produce a similar polyester, talapolyester G. The complete genome sequence and the development of bioinformatics tools have enabled the discovery of the biosynthetic potential of this microorganism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe antibacterial activity and biofilm reduction capability of liposome formulations encapsulating tobramycin (TL), and Tobramycin--acetylcysteine (TNL) were tested against tobramycin-resistant strains of , and in the presence of several resistant genes. All antibacterial activity were assessed against tobramycin-resistant bacterial clinical isolate strains, which were fully characterized by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). All isolates acquired one or more of AMEs genes, efflux pump genes, OMP genes, and biofilm formation genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFis an that could develop resistance to various antibiotics and become a multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterium. Options for treating MDR are limited and the pipeline is somewhat dry when it comes to antibiotics for MDR bacteria, so we aimed to explore more options to help in treating MDR . The purpose of this study is to examine the synergistic effect of a liposomal formulations of co-encapsulated azithromycin and N-acetylcysteine against Liposomal azithromycin (LA) and liposomal azithromycin/N-acetylcysteine (LAN) were compared to free azithromycin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFis a versatile industrial host for chemical production and has been engineered to produce efficiently many valuable compounds. 2-Deoxy--inosose (2-DOI) is an important precursor for the biosynthesis of 2-deoxystreptamine-containing aminoglycosides antibiotics and benzenoid metabolites. Bacterial and cyanobacterial strains have been metabolically engineered to generate 2-DOI; nevertheless, the production of 2-DOI using a yeast host has not been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFand (Lamiaceae) are used in traditional medicine in Yemen. The chemical composition, antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the essential oils isolated from the leaves of Benth. (EOOF) and two different populations of Deflers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLavandula pubescens Decne. is one of five Lavandula species growing wild in Yemen. The plant is used in Yemeni traditional medicine, and the essential oil tends to be rich in carvacrol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn FAD-dependent monooxygenase encoding gene (SorbC) was cloned from E01-10/3 and expressed as a soluble protein in . The enzyme efficiently performed the oxidative dearomatisation of sorbicillin and dihydrosorbicillin to give sorbicillinol and dihydrosorbicillinol respectively. Bioinformatic examination of the gene cluster surrounding SorbC indicated the presence of two polyketide synthase (PKS) encoding genes designated and .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
July 2014
A series of directed knockout experiments, combined with an in vitro assay of pathway components, has elucidated for the first time the chemical steps involved in the biosynthesis of the tropolone class of fungal maleic anhydrides. The pathway involves the stepwise oxidation of aldehyde and methyl carbon atoms to form a 1,2-dicarboxylate. A hydrolase-catalyzed interconversion of this and the corresponding maleic anhydride, followed by decarboxylation of the diacid leads to the pathway's final product of stipitatic acid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTropolones are seven-membered aromatic rings which feature in the core of several important bioactive natural products including colchicine and stipitatic acid. Studies of their biosynthesis over nearly 70 years have revealed four parallel routes from polyketide, terpene, alkaloid and shikimate precursors, but the key steps all involve ring expansion of an alkylated 6-membered ring. Recent studies in fungi have revealed details of the individual chemical steps at the molecular level, but detailed molecular biosynthetic pathways in other organisms remain obscure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
May 2012
A gene cluster encoding the biosynthesis of the fungal tropolone stipitatic acid was discovered in Talaromyces stipitatus (Penicillium stipitatum) and investigated by targeted gene knockout. A minimum of three genes are required to form the tropolone nucleus: tropA encodes a nonreducing polyketide synthase which releases 3-methylorcinaldehyde; tropB encodes a FAD-dependent monooxygenase which dearomatizes 3-methylorcinaldehyde via hydroxylation at C-3; and tropC encodes a non-heme Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenase which catalyzes the oxidative ring expansion to the tropolone nucleus via hydroxylation of the 3-methyl group. The tropA gene was characterized by heterologous expression in Aspergillus oryzae, whereas tropB and tropC were successfully expressed in Escherichia coli and the purified TropB and TropC proteins converted 3-methylorcinaldehyde to a tropolone in vitro.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF© LitMetric 2025. All rights reserved.