The influence of body mass index on airway resistance in children with sickle cell disease: A longitudinal study based on impulse oscillometry.

Background: Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is an effective tool for assessing airway mechanics and diagnosing obstructive airway disease (OAD) in children with sickle cell disease (C-SCD). Obesity is known to be associated with OAD, and untreated OAD often leads to hypoxia-related complications in C-SCD. Considering the increasing prevalence of obesity in C-SCD, it is important to explore the influence of body mass index (BMI) on OAD in this disease population.

Characteristics and Outcomes of Intrahospital Transfers from Neonatal Intensive Care to Pediatric Intensive Care Units.

Objective: Critically ill children may be transferred from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for further critical care, but the frequency and outcomes of this patient population are unknown. The aims of this study are to describe the characteristics and outcomes in patients transferred from NICU to PICUs. We hypothesized that a higher-than-expected mortality would be present for patients with respiratory or cardiovascular diagnoses that underwent a NICU to PICU transition and that specific factors (timing of transfer, illness severity, and critical care interventions) are associated with a higher risk of mortality in the cardiovascular group.

Laryngeal Ultrasound Detects Vocal Fold Immobility in Adults: A Systematic Review.

Laryngeal ultrasound (US) is becoming widely accepted for assessing true vocal fold immobility (TVFI), a potential complication of laryngeal and thyroid surgery. The objective of this project is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of pooled evidence surrounding laryngeal US as a modality for diagnosing TVFI in adults at risk for the condition in comparison to laryngoscopy as a gold standard. Medical subject heading terms were used to search MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for relevant citations from January 1, 2000, to June 30, 2020.

Assessment of Vocal Cord Motion Using Laryngeal Ultrasound in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Laryngeal ultrasound is a nonirradiating, noninvasive method for assessing the upper airway in children. This systematic review and meta-analysis examine available evidence for accuracy of laryngeal ultrasound in diagnosing vocal cord immobility in infants and children after surgery and trauma affecting the vocal cords.

Design: Medical subject heading terms were used to search MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for relevant citations.

Practice Patterns of Central Venous Catheter Placement and Confirmation in Pediatric Critical Care.

Optimal practices for the placement of central venous catheters (CVCs) in critically ill children are unclear. This study describes the clinical practice of pediatric critical care medicine (PCCM) providers regarding CVC placement, including site selection, confirmation practices and assessment of complications. Two-hundred fourteen PCCM providers responded to an electronic survey, including 170 (79%) attending physicians, 30 (14%) fellow physicians, and 14 (7%) advanced practice providers.

A comparison between high-flow nasal cannula and noninvasive ventilation in the management of infants and young children with acute bronchiolitis in the PICU.

Background: Different modalities of noninvasive respiratory support have been recommended for the management of acute bronchiolitis in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is among the new modalities that have been widely used in the last decade.

Methods: This is a retrospective study involving infants and young children between the ages of 1 month and 2 years during the respiratory season of 2016-2017 (October-May).